Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for tracking location of synchronous and asynchronous mobile communication network subscribers by using a dual stack home location register and a dual stack mobile positioning center. When the dual stack mobile positioning center externally receives a location tracking request for a subscriber, it requests reception subscriber information to the dual stack home location register, confirms whether the terminal is located in a synchronous or asynchronous mobile communication network by referring to the reception subscriber information from the dual stack home location register and network information, and requests location tracking for the terminal to the corresponding mobile communication network. Accordingly, location of the synchronous and asynchronous mobile communication network subscribers can be tracked in the network in which mobile communication networks using different protocols coexist.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a mobile location based service system and method. The mobile location based service system includes an application server for receiving a location based service request, and providing a location based service of a mobile station, and a location information providing system for discriminating location of the mobile station according to a kind of a location information service, and transmitting the location of the mobile station to the application server. A cell or GPS based location based service can be selectively provided according to a function of a mobile station of a mobile communication subscriber and a service request type. The GPS based location based service can be provided by an SMS delivery point to point message through an N07 signal network, and thus embodied during a voice call of the mobile station.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for providing an arbitrary sound chosen by a called subscriber for a caller instead of a conventional RBT (RingBack Tone).

Abstract: The present invention provides a caller with an arbitrary sound chosen by a called subscriber instead of a conventional RBT (RingBack Tone) without fails even in a flexible paging mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method for providing a calling subscriber with an arbitrary sound chosen by a called subscriber instead of a common ringback tone (RBT) with no progress tone. In this present invention, if a call is generated, a terminating exchanger starts paging of the called and simultaneously requests a trunk connection to a sound db server without waiting acknowledgement of the paging from the called based on the first information on whether or not to replace an RBT and the second information on a route to the sound db server that have been received from a home location register (HLR), and provides a called subscriber identification for the sound db server. Then, the sound db server searches its db for a sound specified by the called, and provides the found sound for the caller instead of a conventional RBT via the terminating exchanger connected through a trunk.

Abstract: A control method of a refrigerator comprising an ice storing part storing and discharging ice cubes, an ice shaving unit shaving the ice cubes discharged from the ice storing part to make shaved ice, an ice transferring driving part supplying the ice cubes stored in the ice storing part to the ice shaving unit, and an ice shaving unit driving part driving the ice shaving unit to make the shaved ice. The method includes: setting on/off reference times for the ice transferring driving part so that the ice transferring driving part operates according to a predetermined operation period; storing final on/off times elapsed from a final operation period of the ice transferring driving part when the ice shaving unit driving part is stopped; and driving the ice transferring driving part for the final on/off times remaining from the final operation period, and then driving the ice transferring driving part according to the operation period when the ice shaving unit driving part is driven again.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for processing an address of a short message service center in a WCDMA network, including: a load centralization confirmation step where an operation control unit receives short message processing states from each short message service center, confirms load centralization states of each short message service center, and generates an operation message; a path setup step where a mobile switching center receives a short message from a mobile station, and sets up a transmission path of the short message according to the operation message; and an optimal transmission step where the mobile switching center transmits the short message from the mobile station to the corresponding short message service center through the transmission path according to the result of the path setup step.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes an interconnect region and a semiconductor stack bonded to the interconnect region through a bonding region. The stack includes at least two semiconductor layers having different electrical properties. The stack also includes single crystalline semiconductor material. The stack can be processed to form a mesa structure and the mesa structure can be processed to from a vertically oriented semiconductor device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of controlling transmitting power level of a mobile station in CDMA communication system. This invention estimates a moving speed of a mobile station and changes a power control step size according to the estimated moving speed, thereby tracking power level control command, which is transmitted from a base station to compensate for the power variation of its received signals, quickly and precisely.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method and apparatus for providing an arbitrary sound chosen by a called subscriber instead of ringback tone to a calling subscriber. In this present invention, if a call is received, a terminating exchanger requests a trunk connection to a sound db server based on the first information on whether or not to replace a ringback tone and the second information on a route to the sound db server that are received from a home location register (HLR), and provides a called subscriber identification for the sound server. Then, the sound db server searches its db for a sound specified by the called, and provides the found sound for the caller instead of a conventional ringback tone via the terminating exchanger connected through a trunk. Through this sequential procedure of network elements, a caller can hear a sound specified by a called instead of a dry ringback tone.

Abstract: A surface light source using LEDs is provided. The surface light source includes a substrate having a plurality of divided regions, a plurality of red, green and blue LEDs arranged on each divided region in a predetermined arrangement structure, and a plurality of LED driving units each having red, green and blue LED driving circuits for respectively driving the red, green and blue LEDs. Identical color LEDs in each divided region are interconnected in series. The series connections of the red, green and blue LEDs in one divided region are respectively connected to the series connections of the red, green and blue LEDs in one or more other divided regions in parallel. The parallel connections of the series connections are connected to corresponding color LED driving circuits.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of allocating channel codes for synchronous uplinks in a mobile communication system using a plurality of scrambling codes for the uplinks. This channel code allocating method, when a call is requested, searches for scrambling codes having at least one unused channel code, selects a foremost scrambling code among the found scrambling codes, and allocates an unused channel code in the selected scrambling code to the requested call, and, when a call is released, checks the number of channel codes and a scrambling code used by the released call, searches for active calls using another scrambling code posterior to the scrambling code the released call has used and not more channel codes than the number of the channel codes the released call has used, and re-allocates the channel codes and the scrambling code used by the released call to at least one active call if found.

Abstract: Vertically oriented semiconductor devices may be added to a separately fabricated substrate that includes electrical devices and/or interconnect. The plurality of vertically oriented semiconductor devices are physically separated from each other, and are not disposed within the same semiconductor body, or semiconductor substrate. The plurality of vertically oriented semiconductor devices may be added to the separately fabricated substrate as a thin layer including several doped semiconductor regions which, subsequent to attachment, are etched to produce individual doped stack structures. Alternatively, the plurality of vertically oriented semiconductor devices may be fabricated prior to attachment to the separately fabricated substrate. The doped stack structures may form the basis for diodes, capacitors, n-MOSFETs, p-MOSFETs, bipolar transistors, and floating gate transistors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to method for providing an arbitrary sound chosen by a called subscriber instead of an ordinary tone to a calling or call-waiting subscriber. In this present invention, if a call is received, a terminating exchanger requests a trunk connection to a sound db server based on the first information on whether or not to replace an ordinary tone and the second information on a route to the sound db server that were received from a home location register (HLR) when a called was registered, and provides the called identification and call state (idle/busy or call-waiting, etc.) for the sound server. Then, the sound db server searches its db for a sound associated with the call state specified by the called, and provides the found sound for the caller instead of a conventional tone via the terminating exchanger. Through this sequential procedure of network elements, a caller can hear a sound specified by a called instead of a dry ordinary tone.

Abstract: Vertically oriented semiconductor devices may be added to a separately fabricated substrate that includes electrical devices and/or interconnect. The plurality of vertically oriented semiconductor devices are physically separated from each other, and are not disposed within the same semiconductor body, or semiconductor substrate. The plurality of vertically oriented semiconductor devices may be added to the separately fabricated substrate as a thin layer including several doped semiconductor regions which, subsequent to attachment, are etched to produce individual doped stack structures. Alternatively, the plurality of vertically oriented semiconductor devices may be fabricated prior to attachment to the separately fabricated substrate. The doped stack structures may form the basis for diodes, capacitors, n-MOSFETs, p-MOSFETs, bipolar transistors, and floating gate transistors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for providing a caller with an arbitrary sound pre-stored in an exchanger that is chosen by a called subscriber instead of a conventional RBT (RingBack Tone). The present method comprises: a first step, conducted by an HLR (Home Location Register) when a location request message is received from a call-originating exchanger because of call connection request to a terminal, of furnishing a call-terminating exchanger with information on whether or not an RBT is to be replaced for the terminal through a routing information request message that is sent to the call-terminating exchanger; and a second step, conducted by the call-terminating exchanger when a trunk connection request from a call-originating exchanger is recognized, of searching for a sound code assigned to the terminal based on the information, and providing a caller with a pre-stored RBT-replacing sound associated with the found sound code as an RBT.

Abstract: A method for assigning codes in an uplink of a synchronous code division multiple access (CDMA) telecommunication system is disclosed. The method for assigning a code in a reverse channel of a synchronous wireless telecommunication system, comprising the steps of: a) at a mobile station, receiving time matching information of a scrambling code from a base station; b) at the mobile station, spreading data frame to be transmitted by an orthogonal code, thereby generating a spread data; and c) at the mobile station, multiplying the spread data by a scrambling code based on the time matching information of the scrambling code, thereby generating an encoded data.

Abstract: The present invention provides a caller with an arbitrary sound chosen by a called subscriber instead of a conventional RBT (RingBack Tone) without fails even in a flexible paging mode.

Abstract: A backlight unit includes: at least one lamp; and a plurality of optical sheets on the at least one lamp, the plurality of optical sheets having a micro-lens sheet.

Abstract: A method of forming a circuit includes providing a substrate; providing an interconnect region positioned on the substrate; bonding a device structure to a surface of the interconnect region; and processing the device structure to form a first stack of layers on the interconnect region and a second stack of layers on the first stack. The width of the first stack is different than the width of the second stack.