Abstract: A water-based ink for ink-jet recording includes: a solid solution of a quinacridone pigment including C.I. Pigment Red 122 and C.I. Pigment Violet 19; an azo pigment including C.I. Pigment Red 146; and water. Mass ratio (Q:A) of a content amount (Q) of the solid solution of the quinacridone pigment to a content amount (A) of the azo pigment in an entire amount of the water-based ink is in a range of 9:1 to 1:9.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave detector, which photoelectrically converts and detects an electromagnetic wave incident on a graphene layer, including: a substrate having a front surface and a back surface; a lower insulating layer provided on the front surface of the substrate; a ferroelectric layer and a pair of electrodes provided on the lower insulating layer, the pair of electrodes arranged to face each other with the ferroelectric layer sandwiched therebetween; an upper insulating layer provided on the ferroelectric layer; and a graphene layer arranged on the lower insulating layer and the upper insulating layer to connect the two electrodes. Alternatively, the electromagnetic wave detector includes: a graphene layer provided on the lower insulating layer; and a ferroelectric layer provided on the graphene layer with an upper insulating layer interposed therebetween and a pair of electrodes provided on the graphene layer to face each other with the ferroelectric layer sandwiched therebetween.

Abstract: An object is to provide a technique that can suppress the surge voltage at turn-off without increasing the thickness of a semiconductor device such as an IGBT. A semiconductor device includes first to fourth semiconductor layers stacked in order of the first to fourth semiconductor layers, each having a first conductivity type, and also includes a base layer, an emitter layer, a gate electrode, a collector layer, and a collector electrode. The second semiconductor layer has the lowest impurity concentration of the first conductivity type among the first to fourth semiconductor layers, and the impurity concentration of the first conductivity type of the third semiconductor layer is higher than the impurity concentration of the first conductivity type of the fourth semiconductor layer.

Abstract: This electromagnetic wave detector is provided with light reception graphene and reference graphene that are aligned on an insulating layer, first electrodes and second electrodes that are disposed so as to oppose each other and sandwich the light reception graphene and reference graphene, a gate electrode for applying a gate voltage to the light reception graphene and reference graphene, and a balanced circuit and detection circuit that are connected between the second electrodes. If electromagnetic waves are incident on the light reception graphene, photocarriers will be generated through in-band transition. If electromagnetic waves are incident on the reference graphene, photocarriers will not be generated because of the Pauli blocking effect. In a state where no electromagnetic waves are incident on the light reception graphene or reference graphene, the balanced circuit causes the first electrodes and second electrodes to have the same potential.

Abstract: A water-based ink set for ink-jet recording includes: a water-based yellow ink containing water and a yellow dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based yellow ink of 2 to 3% by weight, the water-based yellow ink having a hue angle of 45° to 65°; a water-based magenta ink containing water and a magenta dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based magenta ink of 2 to 3% by weight, the water-based magenta ink having a hue angle of 340° to 360° or 0° to 5°; a water-based cyan ink containing water and a cyan dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based cyan ink of 2 to 3% by weight, the water-based cyan ink having a hue angle of 200° to 230°; and a water-based black ink containing water and a black dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based black ink of 6 to 7.5% by weight.

Abstract: There is provided a water-based ink for ink-jet recording including: water; a self-dispersible black pigment; and a resin-dispersed pigment of which hue angle is in a range of 180° to 270° and of which sedimentation velocity in the water-based ink is slower than sedimentation velocity of the self-dispersible black pigment in the water-based ink. A ratio (R/S) of a solid content weight (R) of the resin-dispersed pigment to a solid content weight (S) of the self-dispersible black pigment in the water-based ink is in a range of 0.26 to 0.80.

Abstract: There is provided a water-based ink for ink-jet recording including: water; a self dispersible black pigment of which mean particle diameter is not less than 140 nm; and a resin-dispersed pigment which is a copper phthalocyanine-based pigment and of which sedimentation velocity in the water-based ink is slower than sedimentation velocity of the self-dispersible black pigment in the water-based ink.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave detector, which photoelectrically converts and detects an electromagnetic wave incident on a graphene layer, including: a substrate having a front surface and a back surface; a lower insulating layer provided on the front surface of the substrate; a ferroelectric layer and a pair of electrodes provided on the lower insulating layer, the pair of electrodes arranged to face each other with the ferroelectric layer sandwiched therebetween; an upper insulating layer provided on the ferroelectric layer; and a graphene layer arranged on the lower insulating layer and the upper insulating layer to connect the two electrodes. Alternatively, the electromagnetic wave detector includes: a graphene layer provided on the lower insulating layer; and a ferroelectric layer provided on the graphene layer with an upper insulating layer interposed therebetween and a pair of electrodes provided on the graphene layer to face each other with the ferroelectric layer sandwiched therebetween.

Abstract: An electromagnetic wave detector comprises: p-type and n-type graphenes arranged side by side on an insulating layer; a first electrode and a second electrode opposing each other via the graphenes; a gate electrode for applying an operation voltage to the p-type and n-type graphenes; a balance circuit connected between two second electrodes; and a detection circuit. The p-type graphene has a Dirac point voltage higher than the operation voltage. The n-type graphene has a Dirac point voltage lower than the operation voltage. In a state in which no electromagnetic wave is incident on the graphenes, the balance circuit places the first electrode and the second electrode at the same potential. In a state in which an electromagnetic wave is incident on the p-type and n-type graphenes, the detection circuit detects an electric signal between the second electrodes, and outputs an electric signal in the state in which the electromagnetic wave is incident.

Abstract: A water-based ink for ink-jet recording includes dyes and water. The dyes include a blue dye having a hue angle of 220° to 280°; a yellow dye having a hue angle of 70° to 120°; and a copper phthalocyanine dye. A mass ratio (C/B) of a content (C) of the copper phthalocyanine dye to a content (B) of the blue dye in an entire amount of the water-based ink is equal to or more than 0.5, and a total content of the dyes in the entire amount of the water-based ink is equal to or more than 6% by mass.

Abstract: There is provided a water-based ink for ink-jet recording containing: water; at least one of quinacridone and a derivative thereof; and a dye represented by the following formula (1).

Abstract: A water-based ink set for ink-jet recording includes: a water-based yellow ink containing water and a yellow dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based yellow ink of 2 to 3% by weight, the water-based yellow ink having a hue angle of 45° to 65°; a water-based magenta ink containing water and a magenta dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based magenta ink of 2 to 3% by weight, the water-based magenta ink having a hue angle of 340° to 360° or 0° to 5°; a water-based cyan ink containing water and a cyan dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based cyan ink of 2 to 3% by weight, the water-based cyan ink having a hue angle of 200° to 230°; and a water-based black ink containing water and a black dye having a blending amount in an entire amount of the water-based black ink of 6 to 7.5% by weight.

Abstract: This electromagnetic wave detector that detects electromagnetic waves by performing photoelectric conversion includes: a substrate; an insulating layer that is provided on the substrate; a graphene layer that is provided on the insulating layer; a pair of electrodes, which are provided on the insulating layer, and which are connected to both ends of the graphene layer, respectively; and a contact layer that is provided such that the contact layer is in contact with the graphene layer. The contact layer is formed of a material having a polar group, and a charge is formed in the graphene layer by having the contact layer in contact with the graphene layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus includes: a p-type base layer provided on a top surface side of an n-type drift layer; an n-type emitter layer provided on a top surface side of the p-type base layer; a first control electrode having a trench gate electrode embedded so as to reach from a surface layer of the n-type emitter layer to the n-type drift layer; a second control electrode having a trench gate electrode embedded so as to reach from the p-type base layer to the n-type drift layer; a p-type collector layer provided on a bottom surface side of the n-type drift layer; and a diode whose anode side and cathode side are connected to the first control electrode and the second control electrodes, respectively. It is possible to improve the controllability of dV/dt by a gate resistor.

Abstract: In a pressure contact type semiconductor apparatus, a second intermediate electrode on a second semiconductor chip has one or more second through holes. The one or more second through holes are fluidly separated from a space hermetically sealed by a cylindrical body, a first common electrode plate and a second common electrode plate. The pressure contact type semiconductor apparatus thereby has high reliability.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus includes: a p-type base layer (7a, 7b) provided on a top surface side of an n-type drift layer (10); an n-type emitter layer (6) provided on a top surface side of the p-type base layer (7a); a first control electrode (1) having a trench gate electrode (15) embedded so as to reach from a surface layer of the n-type emitter layer (6) to the n-type drift layer (10); a second control electrode (2) having a trench gate electrode (15) embedded so as to reach from the p-type baes layer (7b) to the n-type drift layer (10); a p-type collector layer (12) provided on a bottom surface side of the n-type drift layer (10); and a diode (21) whose anode side and cathode side are connected to the first control electrode 1 and the second control electrodes 2, respectively. It is possible to improve the controllability of dV/dt by a gate resistor.

Abstract: There is provided a water-based ink for ink-jet recording including: a self-dispersible pigment of which mean particle diameter is not less than 130 nm; a resin-dispersed pigment; and water; wherein the mean particle diameter of the self-dispersible pigment is in a range of 1.5 times to 3 times mean particle diameter of the resin-dispersed pigment.

Abstract: There is provided a water-based ink for ink-jet recording including: water; a self-dispersible black pigment; and a resin-dispersed pigment of which hue angle is in a range of 180° to 270° and of which sedimentation velocity in the water-based ink is slower than sedimentation velocity of the self-dispersible black pigment in the water-based ink. A ratio (R/S) of a solid content weight (R) of the resin-dispersed pigment to a solid content weight (S) of the self-dispersible black pigment in the water-based ink is in a range of 0.26 to 0.80.

Abstract: There is provided a water-based ink for ink-jet recording including: water; a self dispersible black pigment of which mean particle diameter is not less than 140 nm; and a resin-dispersed pigment which is a copper phthalocyanine-based pigment and of which sedimentation velocity in the water-based ink is slower than sedimentation velocity of the self-dispersible black pigment in the water-based ink.

Abstract: In a pressure contact type semiconductor apparatus, a second intermediate electrode on a second semiconductor chip has one or more second through holes. The one or more second through holes are fluidly separated from a space hermetically sealed by a cylindrical body, a first common electrode plate and a second common electrode plate. The pressure contact type semiconductor apparatus thereby has high reliability.