Abstract: There is provided an electronic musical instrument capable of contributing to a higher speed in display, and also of displaying music in page feed format easy to see. In the electronic musical instrument, music data are developed into image data by a tempo clock interruption from a tempo clock unit in accordance with performance data. In addition, a part of the image data stored in a temporary memory is transferred to a VRAM in response to a timer interruption from a timer. In this manner, a page feed of the music displayed on a display unit is carried out being accompanied with an animation motion.

Abstract: First error-processing data are generated with respect to a predetermined amount of data, and second error-processing data are generated with respect to each of a plurality of blocks produced by dividing the predetermined amount of data. Data of record units are generated from the predetermined amount of data, the first error-processing data, and the second error-processing data. The data of record units are recorded on and reproduced from a recording medium. Errors are corrected in the predetermined amount of data in the reproduced data of record units with the first error-processing data with respect to each of the record units. If errors cannot be corrected, at least errors are detected in the predetermined amount of data in each of the blocks with the second error-processing data.

Abstract: When data is recorded on a recording medium such as an optical disk and reproduced, if burst error occurs, the processing can be carried out efficiently and satisfactory reproduction can be carried out without lessening a data recording capacity. When data is recorded, a first error-correcting code is generated with respect to a series of data of a predetermined amount. The first error-correcting code is added to data of the predetermined amount from which the first error-correcting code is generated. A second error-correcting code is generated with respect to a series of data of the predetermined amount. The second error-correcting code is added to data other than data of the predetermined amount from which the second error-correcting code is generated and then recorded on a recording medium. Upon reproduction, data of a certain recording unit is reproduced from a recording medium on which data of respective recording units are recorded.

Abstract: Error-correcting apparatus and method for detecting and correcting a burst error affecting a plurality of reproduced signals representing adjacent data words groups the signals, calculates syndromes, determines the positions of errors in the reproduced signals and detects burst errors.

Abstract: Method of recording on a record medium by receiving a series of data elements, adding error detection and error correction data to each data element, moving some of the data in each data element to an adjacent data element to produce arranged data elements, and recording the arranged data elements in different sectors on a record medium. Upon reproduction of the arranged data elements from a record medium, some of the data in each arranged data element are moved to an adjacent data element to produce rearranged data elements. Errors in each rearranged data element are detected and corrected using data contained therein. A record medium having concentric tracks on which a plurality of sectors are located stores data in each of the sectors. The data in each sector pertains to two different sectors so that the affect of a burst error on a particular sector is minimized.

Abstract: An apparatus which includes a recording or reproducing unit for recording or reproducing data on or from a disc, a data transmission/reception unit for transmitting playback data reproduced by the recording and reproducing unit from the disc to an external computer and receiving recording data supplied from the computer for supplying the received recording data to the recording and reproducing unit, a system controller for receiving a command supplied from the computer for controlling the data receiving unit, a temperature sensor for detecting the temperature within a main body of the disc recording and reproducing apparatus, and a recording/playback controller for controlling the operation of the recording and reproducing unit responsive to the command supplied from the computer via the system controller and a detection output of the temperature sensor.

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument is controlled to receive key operation messages from a keyboard, sequencer or the like so as to control the data in such a manner that the disadvantages of a first-in first-out system and a map system are diminished and the newest data can be obtained rapidly. A reading device sequentially reads musical pitches out from a first memory so that it can be decided whether the values indicated on note-on/off flags in a second memory have the same state as the flags in a third memory. A command is issued to generate and/or truncate (or mute) musical tones based on key-depression (i.e., key state) data for the musical pitches registered in the second memory, if the flags are not identical with each other. On the other hand, the key-depression data are discarded without issuing any command if the flags are the same.

Abstract: A performance information recording/playing apparatus corrects recording/playing errors in performance information which is reproduced from or recorded to a recording media by a performance information playing/(recording) device in accordance with event information. The performance information recording device includes a state information generating device which generates state information indicating a state of musical tone for a predetermined musical tone after a change has occurred in event information which represents a change in the predetermined musical tone, and a recording device for recording the event information and the state information in a recording media sequentially. The performance information playing device includes a playing device for playing event information which represents a change in a predetermined musical tone and state information which indicates a state of a musical tone for the predetermined musical tone, this information having recorded in a recording media.

Abstract: An automatic musical playing playing system including an automatic playing apparatus and a sound generating unit incorporated in combination therewith, the apparatus comprising: a first memory for storing musical playing data arranged to be sequentially preread; a calculator for calculating an actual length of time required to play music based on the preread musical data and/or for calculating an actual quantity of playing information in said data; a comparator for deciding whether or not the actual length of time is less than a predetermined length, and/or whether or not the actual quantity is less than a predetermined quantity; a first reading device for sequentially prereading from the first memory the musical data prior to an actual timing for playing, in a case where the above decisions are affirmative; and an output for outputting the preread musical data wherein the above unit comprises: an input for receiving the preread musical data; a second memory for temporarily storing said data from the input; a

Abstract: An electronic musical instrument allots musical tone-generating channels to new musical tones by calculating an integrated residual generated volume or a substitute values corresponding thereto for each current musical tones; and determining which of musical tone-generating channels has a minimum such volume or substitute value. The instrument may, alternatively, allot a tone generating channel for a new musical tone by detecting a minimum envelope level of those already allotted musical tones; selecting those channels having envelope levels falling within a determined range defined based on and including the detected minimum level; and determining which channel selected by the selecting means has a minimum residual generated volumes or substitute values corresponding thereto. The residual generated volumes are determined by an equation: ##EQU1## wherein V(t) is an envelope level at an instant "t" during a period from the given instant "t.sub.o " and to the end point "t.sub.end " of the musical tone.

Abstract: An automatic musical playing system includes an automatic playing apparatus and a sound generating unit. The playing apparatus includes: a first memory for storing musical playing data arranged to be sequentially preread; a calculator for calculating an actual length of time required to play music based on the preread musical data and/or for calculating an actual quantity of playing information in such data; a comparator for deciding whether or not the acutal length of time is less than a predetermined length of time, and/or whether or not the actual quantity is less than a predetermined quantity; a first reading device for sequentially prereading from the first memory, the musical data prior to an actual time for playing when the comparator decision/decisions is/are affirmative; and an output for outputting the preread musical data.

Abstract: A first musical tone to be generated by a musical tone generating channel and a second musical tone which is the same as the first tone and which already has been generated by another musical tone generating channel are both generated in a superposed manner. When the first tone is generated, the volume of either the first tone or the second tone is superimposed on the generated volume of the other musical tone. Also, the volume attributed to the first musical tone due to decay is reproduced by changing the volume of the second musical tone.

Abstract: An envelope-generating apparatus for an electronic musical instrument is disclosed. The apparatus which generates an envelope signal for a musical tone includes a rate detector for detecting the actual rate-of-change of the envelope signal at an instant before quick-attenuation of the signal is to commence, and a quick-attenuation controller for first setting a predetermined attenuation rate for the envelope signal based on the actual rate-of-change detected by the rate detector and thereafter controlling quick-attenuation of the envelope signal. The apparatus further could include a level detector for detecting an actual envelope signal level at an instant before quick-attenuation commences.