Abstract: A lamp control device includes a lamp including an LED module which has a plurality of LED channels; and a controller configured to detect respective feedback voltages of the plurality of LED channels, and determine, when at least any one feedback voltage among the feedback voltages is retained to be lower than a predetermined reference voltage and a generation count of an over voltage protection signal reaches a predetermined reference count, an LED channel corresponding to the feedback voltage, as an open.

Abstract: A lamp control device may include: a lamp including an LED module having a plurality of LED channels; a converter configured to receive a voltage corresponding to a turn signal, convert the voltage into an output voltage and internal voltage, and supply the output voltage to the LED module; and a controller configured to start counting a preset delay time when the internal voltage is supplied from the converter, and control the plurality of LED channels to sequentially light up at intervals of the delay time.

Abstract: Provided is a lighting apparatus. The lighting apparatus may provide an output voltage to lighting loads, and include: a converter configured to generate the output voltage using a driving signal; and a driving circuit configured to provide the driving signal, and spread the frequency of the driving signal by performing frequency dithering on the driving signal while changing the shape of an oscillation signal.

Abstract: A lamp control device may include: a lamp including an LED module having a plurality of LED channels; a converter configured to receive a voltage corresponding to a turn signal, convert the voltage into an output voltage and internal voltage, and supply the output voltage to the LED module; and a controller configured to start counting a preset delay time when the internal voltage is supplied from the converter, and control the plurality of LED channels to sequentially light up at intervals of the delay time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a lamp control device. The lamp control device may include: a lamp having an LED channel; a channel resistor corresponding to the LED channel; and a controller configured to boost a channel resistor voltage applied to the channel resistor, and retain a channel current of the LED channel as a target current, using the boosted channel resistor voltage.

Abstract: A lamp control device includes a converter configured to provide an output voltage and an internal voltage; a lamp including an LED module which has a plurality of LED channels, and configured to emit light in correspondence to the output voltage of the converter; and a controller configured to operate by using the internal voltage of the converter, control the output voltage of the converter to be retained at a level equal to or higher than a predetermined level, by using feedback voltages of the plurality of LED channels, and control channel currents of the plurality of LED channels to be regulated in correspondence to memory values which are set in advance.

Abstract: A lamp control device includes a lamp including an LED module which has a plurality of LED channels; and a controller configured to detect respective feedback voltages of the plurality of LED channels, and determine, when at least any one feedback voltage among the feedback voltages is retained to be lower than a predetermined reference voltage and a generation count of an over voltage protection signal reaches a predetermined reference count, an LED channel corresponding to the feedback voltage, as an open.

Abstract: Disclosed are a switching apparatus including an internal circuit using an inductive element and a control method thereof. The switching apparatus includes a switch that regulates a current of the inductive element, and a signal control circuit that arithmetically calculates a turn-off time point of the switch by using a monitoring voltage corresponding to the current of the inductive element, a sampling voltage of the monitoring voltage, and a reference voltage corresponding to a target average current of the inductive element, and controls the switch.

Abstract: Disclosed are a switching apparatus including an internal circuit using an inductive element and a control method thereof. The switching apparatus includes a switch that regulates a current of the inductive element, and a signal control circuit that arithmetically calculates a turn-off time point of the switch by using a monitoring voltage corresponding to the current of the inductive element, a sampling voltage of the monitoring voltage, and a reference voltage corresponding to a target average current of the inductive element, and controls the switch.

Abstract: Provided is an agricultural plant-protecting agent including a dipeptide derivative or an agro-pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof as an active ingredient, which has a plant disease-preventing effect, a plant growth-promoting effect, and a plant immunity-activating effect.

Abstract: Provided is a substrate treatment apparatus. The apparatus includes a chuck supporting a substrate and being rotatable, a container surrounding the chuck and collecting chemicals scattered due to rotations of the substrate, and a first spray nozzle spraying the chemicals to the substrate.

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a metal structure in which an array of a plurality of pin arrangements is formed on a surface of a metal, in which the method includes: performing a laser processing along a route between pin regions in which the pins are to be formed on a metal base material to form a dross on the pin regions, and repeating the laser processing. As the dross formed in each pin region is repeatedly cast and recast during the repetitive laser processing, the recast layer is formed in a shape of the pin.

Abstract: An internal voltage generating circuit includes a drive signal generating unit, a drive signal controlling unit, and a driving unit. The drive signal generating unit is configured to compare an internal voltage with first and second reference voltages and generate a first pull-up drive signal and a first pull-down drive signal. The drive signal controlling unit is configured to buffer the first pull-up drive signal and the first pull-down drive signal and generate a second pull-up drive signal and a second pull-down drive signal, wherein the second pull-up drive signal and the second pull-down drive signal are deactivated when the first pull-up drive signal and the first pull-down drive signal are activated. The driving unit is configured to drive the internal voltage in response to the second pull-up drive signal and the second pull-down drive signal.

Abstract: A cleaning robot having an exhaust air feedback function can utilize the vacuum suction force generated by a suction motor as well as spray exhaust air onto the surface to be cleaned by circulating the air using the suction motor, thereby improving foreign material removal efficiency. The cleaning robot includes a suction unit, a suction motor for drawing in foreign materials from the surface to be cleaned, along with air, through the suction unit, a dust collector for capturing the foreign materials, so that the air is exhausted through the suction motor, and an exhaust air feedback unit for feeding the air. The cleaning robot also includes a spray nozzle unit inserted into the suction unit and placed on the leading end of the suction unit, the spray nozzle unit spraying the air fed by the exhaust air feedback unit, to the surface to be cleaned.

Abstract: An internal voltage generating circuit includes a drive signal generating unit, a drive signal controlling unit, and a driving unit. The drive signal generating unit is configured to compare an internal voltage with first and second reference voltages and generate a first pull-up drive signal and a first pull-down drive signal. The drive signal controlling unit is configured to buffer the first pull-up drive signal and the first pull-down drive signal and generate a second pull-up drive signal and a second pull-down drive signal, wherein the second pull-up drive signal and the second pull-down drive signal are deactivated when the first pull-up drive signal and the first pull-down drive signal are activated. The driving unit is configured to drive the internal voltage in response to the second pull-up drive signal and the second pull-down drive signal.

Abstract: A substrate cleaning apparatus includes a supporting plate supporting a substrate and a shielding unit that is disposed above the substrate to protect the substrate. A portion of the shielding unit, which is adjacent to a focal point where light for generating shock waves is focused, is switched. Therefore, the substrate cleaning apparatus prevents the concentration of plumes and residence beams, which are generated together with the shock waves, on a specific region of the shielding unit and further prevents the recontamination of the substrate by the damage of the shielding unit.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for cleaning a substrate using a laser beam, an inner chamber is disposed in a process chamber to define a space in which a laser-induced shock wave is generated. The laser beam is focused on a laser focus positioned in the inner chamber, and thus the laser-induced plasma shock wave is generated around the laser focus. The plasma shock wave is reflected from inner surfaces of the inner chamber and is irradiated on the substrate through a lower portion of the inner chamber. As a result, the intensity of the plasma shock wave irradiated on the substrate is increased, and thus the contaminants on the substrate may be effectively removed.

Abstract: A multistage amplifying circuit includes a first amplifying circuit that either samples a first analog voltage input or amplifies a difference between the first analog voltage and a first digital voltage converted from the first analog voltage, in response to a control signal. A second amplifying circuit either samples a second analog voltage input or amplifies a difference between the second analog voltage and a second digital voltage converted from the second analog voltage, in response to the control signal. A common amplifier receives output voltages of the first amplifying circuit and the second amplifying circuit and either resets the output voltage of the first amplifying circuit and determines an output voltage by using the second amplifying circuit, or resets the output voltage of the second amplifying circuit and determines an output voltage by using the first amplifying circuit, in response to the control signal.

Abstract: A multistage amplifying circuit includes a first amplifying circuit that either samples a first analog voltage input or amplifies a difference between the first analog voltage and a first digital voltage converted from the first analog voltage, in response to a control signal. A second amplifying circuit either samples a second analog voltage input or amplifies a difference between the second analog voltage and a second digital voltage converted from the second analog voltage, in response to the control signal. A common amplifier receives output voltages of the first amplifying circuit and the second amplifying circuit and either resets the output voltage of the first amplifying circuit and determines an output voltage by using the second amplifying circuit, or resets the output voltage of the second amplifying circuit and determines an output voltage by using the first amplifying circuit, in response to the control signal.

Abstract: A cleaning robot having an exhaust air feedback function can utilize the vacuum suction force generated by a suction motor as well as spray exhaust air onto the surface to be cleaned by circulating the air using the suction motor, thereby improving foreign material removal efficiency. The cleaning robot includes a suction unit, a suction motor for drawing in foreign materials from the surface to be cleaned, along with air, through the suction unit, a dust collector for capturing the foreign materials, so that the air is exhausted through the suction motor, and an exhaust air feedback unit for feeding the air. The cleaning robot also includes a spray nozzle unit inserted into the suction unit and placed on the leading end of the suction unit, the spray nozzle unit spraying the air fed by the exhaust air feedback unit, to the surface to be cleaned.