Abstract: A semiconductor device according to the invention comprises a Schottky layer, a cap layer covering the surface of the Schottky layer, and a Schottky electrode of a two-level structure, having an under structure penetrating through the cap layer and reaching the Schottky layer, and an upper structure larger than the under structure in a cross-sectional area and overlying the cap layer. With such a construction as described, surface defect is unlikely to occur, and therefore, a highly reliable semiconductor device can be fabricated.

Abstract: An interlayer insulating film, contacts, and wirings are formed on a MOS transistor formed on a silicon substrate. Another interlayer insulating film and contacts are formed thereon. Subsequently, as a first heat treatment, a heat treatment is performed in a hydrogen atmosphere or a nitrogen- or otherwise-diluted hydrogen atmosphere at a temperature of the order of 300-500° C. for about 5-60 minutes, thereby recovering defects that occur in the MOS transistor and insulating film forming steps and the like. Then, a ferroelectric capacitor connected to either diffusion layer of the MOS transistor is formed along with wirings, electrodes, and the like. Thereafter, as a second heat treatment, a heat treatment is performed in nitrogen at a temperature of the order of 300-500° C. for about 5-60 minutes. This recovers defects that occur after the first heat treatment step.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a Schottky layer, a cap layer covering the surface of the Schottky layer, and a Schottky electrode of a two-level structure. The Schottky electrode has a lower portion that penetrates through the cap layer and reaches the Schottky layer, and has an upper portion larger than the lower portion in cross-sectional area and that overlies the cap layer. With this construction, surface defects are unlikely to occur, so that a highly reliable semiconductor device can be fabricated.

Abstract: The present invention provides a semiconductor device having at least a multilevel metal interconnection structure, at least a capacitor which lies over the multilevel metal interconnection structure, and an inter-layer insulator under the capacitor and over the multilevel metal interconnection structure for isolating the multilevel metal interconnection structure form the capacitor, wherein at least an anti-oxidizing film preventing penetration of oxygen is provided in the inter-layer insulator, so that the anti-oxidizing film lies covering the multilevel metal interconnection structure and under the capacitor.

Abstract: A tractor includes a body frame (4), front wheels (3), propelling shafts (8) disposed in a rear portion of the body frame, and semicrawler units (10) for receiving drive from the propelling drive shafts. Each semicrawler unit includes a drive rolling element (11) attachable to one of the propelling drive shafts, an endless crawler track (15) driven by the drive rolling element and contacting the ground, driven rolling elements (13, 14) engaged by the endless crawler track, and a track frame (12) for supporting the driven rolling elements. The track frame is supported by the body frame to be vertically oscillatable through a pivot shaft (16). Rear wheels (9) may be attached in place of the semicrawler units to the propelling drive shafts.

Abstract: A semiconductor device has a P type semiconductor substrate 1, a vertical type bipolar transistor having an N type base region 4, a lateral type bipolar transistor having an N type base region 4 formed on the semiconductor substrate 1, an N type collector region 7a, and an N type emitter region 8, and a P type insulating diffusion region 7b for isolating between vertical and lateral type bipolar transistors, at least one of collector and emitter regions of the lateral bipolar transistor having substantially same depth of the insulating diffusion region 7b.

Abstract: In a switching power-supply unit in which a series circuit comprising a primary winding of a switching transformer and a switching device is provided across the terminals of an input power supply, a noise-eliminating bypass capacitor is connected across the ends of the series circuit. The bypass capacitor forms a short circuit path for high frequency noise having a frequency higher than the switching frequency of the switching device, thereby reducing high-frequency radiant noise.

Abstract: An engaging portion in engagement with a tying material and a hook, as a twisting mechanism, are mounted on an oscillating member provided on a spindle, and the continuous linear tying material is fed in a direction crossing a spindle axis into engagement with the engaging portion to form a starting point which is folded into a U-shape. In this state, the tying material is delivered to an encompassing guide to thereby guide the tying material around articles to be tied together, while forming two wires by folding the tying material into a substantially U-shape by a feeding force. The engaging portion and the hook are integrally rotated so that a folded extreme end portion and a rear end portion on the other side of the tying material are twisted together with each other to tie articles together. Accordingly, tying can be firmly done with one winding, while forming two wires by automatically folding the continuous linear tying material in half.

Abstract: When a multilayer substrate is formed by alternately laminating a plurality of substrates having coil patterns and preimpregs including an epoxy resin, and by pressing in the direction of lamination while heating, the epoxy resin is melted and may leak from between the substrates, and may form voids between the coil patterns so as to render the electrical insulation therebetween unsatisfactory. According to the present invention, a fence pattern or another structure is formed around each coil pattern, which substantially prevents leakage of the melted epoxy resin from between the substrates, and therefore, the spaces between the coil patterns remain securely filled with the epoxy resin.

Abstract: A current-mode control device for controlling an output voltage of a DC power supply including: a switching element for supplying an output voltage of the DC power supply through an on/off switching action; an output voltage detector circuit for detecting the output voltage of the DC power supply and outputting an output voltage based on the output voltage of the DC power supply; a current sense circuit for converting into a voltage a switching current flowing through the switching element during the switch-on period of the switching element to sense and output the resulting voltage; an integrating circuit for converting the switching current of the switching circuit that increases at a gradient of a straight line linear function with time during of the switch-on period of the switching element into a voltage that increases at a rate defined by a quadratic or higher-order curved line with time by integrating the switching current of the switching circuit at least once and for superimposing the resulting volta

Abstract: According to one embodiment of a switching power supply, a superimposition circuit including a resistor is connected in parallel to the primary coil of a transformer. A superimposition current is supplied to a current sensing circuit during a switching-on period of a switching element. The current sensing circuit detects the current flowing through the primary coil during the switch-on period. According to the detected current, a switch control circuit controls switching on and off of the switching element so as to stabilize the output voltage. When the current becomes low in a case in which the circuit has a light load or receives a high input voltage, noise generally causes substantial adverse effects.

Abstract: An overcurrent protection circuit provided for a switching power supply has a current detector, voltage superposition device, and circuit for reducing a driving pulse. The current detector detects a circuit current in the switching power supply and converts it to a voltage. The voltage superposition device generates a constant voltage and superposes the voltage onto the detected voltage converted by the current detector. The detected voltage onto which the constant voltage has been superposed is applied between the base and the emitter of a transistor which functions as the circuit for reducing the driving pulse. If an overcurrent flows through the switching power supply, the transistor is turned on and a current flows into the transistor. As a result, a voltage applied to a maximum-duty-cycle setting terminal of a PWM IC provided for the switching power supply and used for pulse-width-modulation control of a switch device is reduced, and the overcurrent is suppressed.

Abstract: A tying method and apparatus which is carried to easily automatically band bar-like articles such as reinforcements or pipes and various other articles by a linear tying material. The apparatus comprises tying material feed means (6), tying material bending means (8), encompassing and guiding means (9), tying material cutting means (7) and twisting means (11), wherein a starting point is formed in a way such that a part of a continuous linear tying material w delivered from the tying material feed means comes into engagement with the tying material bending means so that the tying material is bonded into a U-shape. In that state, the tying material is delivered from one side whereby the tying material is guided around an article to be tied by the encompassing and guiding means (9) while being bended into a substantially U-shape. The tying material is cut into a predetermined length, and both ends of the tying material are twisted together by a hook (25) of the twisting means (11).

Abstract: A control system for controlling a hydraulically operable link mechanism mounted on a working vehicle. The link mechanism includes lift arms, a hydraulic actuator for controlling the lift arms, a first and a second lower links each connected at one end thereof to a working implement, and connecting rods interconnecting the lift arms and the first and second lower links, respectively. The control system includes a first coupling for pivotally connecting the first lower link to one side of a vehicle body, a second coupling for pivotally connecting the second lower link to the other side of the vehicle body, strain gauges provided for the first and second couplings, respectively, and a control device for controlling the actuator based on detection signals received from the strain gauges.

Abstract: A solenoid valve control system controlling a solenoid valve which changes a solenoid valve state between an opened state and a closed state by applying pulsed electric power thereto. The solenoid valve control system includes an ammeter for detecting a current value applied to the solenoid and a control device for controlling electric power supplied to the solenoid. The control device has a duty control section which controls an ON-OFF ratio of pulsed electric power repeatingly applied to the solenoid and a correcting section which corrects an output from the duty control section according to the current value detected by the ammeter. Therefore, the line pressure is kept at a precise target value.

Abstract: A snow-melting apparatus of an electromagnetic induction heating type, comprises: a high frequency power source; a pair of conductive cables wound in at least one turn around a segment of each rail and through through-holes which are formed through side walls of the rail, the segment of the rail being defined between two through-holes; and a lead wire interconnecting the power source and the conductive cable, for supplying current from the power source to the conductive cable, thereby heating the rail by the flow of electromagnetic ally induced current in the rail segment.

Abstract: In an electronically controlled automatic power transmission of an automotive vehicle in which an electronic control unit is installed at a predetermined position of the vehicle remote from a main frame of the automatic power transmission, a characteristic storage unit is installed on the main frame of the automatic power transmission, the characteristic storage unit has a memory which stores inherent characteristics of controllable devices and components such as frictional engagement elements, solenoids, and sensors installed in the main frame of the automatic power transmission and is electrically connected to the electronic control unit.

Abstract: Ferromagnetic metal particles the surface layer of which comprises laminatedly covered films of a ferrite compound having a spinel structure of at least one metal selected from cobalt, zinc, manganese, aluminum, chromium, nickel and copper and iron and a preparation process thereof.The particles can be used as a high density magnetic recording medium.

Abstract: A hydraulic operating apparatus includes a release hub for supporting a release bearing, a piston formed separately from the release hub, and an abutting plate disposed between the piston and release hub as a power transmission relay member for absorbing shocks. The abutting plate may itself be formed of an elastic material or may include an elastic element to suppress shocks transmitted between the piston and release hub. The release hub and piston are formed annular, and the release hub is supported slidable on an outer surface of an outer wall section of a cylinder defining an annular piston chamber. The release hub includes a supporting surface having a smaller diameter than the outer wall section for supporting the release bearing.