Abstract: A semiconductor device which includes a silicon substrate, an oxide layer formed on the silicon substrate, a polysilicon layer formed on the oxide layer, a first metal silicide layer formed on the polysilicon layer, and a second metal silicide layer formed on the first metal silicide layer, and a method for fabricating the same. The first metal silicide layer is preferably comprised of a metal silicide, such as molybdenum, tungsten, or tantalum silicide, having a melting point which is higher than that of the second metal silicide layer. The second metal silicide layer is preferably comprised of titanium silicide. In an embodiment, the method comprises forming the polysilicon layer on the oxide layer, depositing a tantalum layer on the polysilicon layer, rapidly annealing the resulting structure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for sensing a rotary switch handling direction of a monitor is disclosed, in which a simple configuration can be obtained and accuracy in sensing a handling direction can be enhanced. The apparatus for sensing a rotary switch handling direction of a monitor includes a rotary switch for outputting voltage levels varied correspondingly depending on a user's handling direction, and a microcomputer for storing the voltage levels output from the rotary switch and comparing the voltage levels with a previously stored voltage change/handling direction table to determine a handling direction of the rotary switch. Since the handling direction is sensed by the voltage level difference for respective contacts, it is possible to exactly sense the handling direction and to relatively obtain a simple configuration.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for sensing a rotary switch handling direction of a monitor is disclosed, in which a simple configuration can be obtained and accuracy in sensing a handling direction can be enhanced. The apparatus for sensing a rotary switch handling direction of a monitor includes a rotary switch for outputting voltage levels varied correspondingly depending on a user's handling direction, and a microcomputer for storing the voltage levels output from the rotary switch and comparing the voltage levels with a previously stored voltage change/handling direction table to determine a handling direction of the rotary switch. Since the handling direction is sensed by the voltage level difference for respective contacts, it is possible to exactly sense the handling direction and to relatively obtain a simple configuration.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method for generating and providing a user interface and a method for generating and providing a user interface for use in a mobile communication terminal. The method enables the user interface to be readily used in the mobile communication terminal. A method for generating a user interface to be provided to a mobile communication terminal configuring the user interface by combining different layers, includes the steps of: a) generating picture data corresponding to a specific layer of the user interface; b) determining the layer of the generated picture data and determining a location and a size of the picture data; and c) if the layer is determined, locating the generated picture data having a predetermined size in a corresponding location, transparently processing others except for the picture data, and storing the data.

Abstract: To configure and display a user interface in a mobile communication terminal, capable of displaying various user interfaces, which can be readily changed in the mobile communication terminal including a display unit for displaying letters, symbols and picture data, and further includes a memory including at least two layers for storing display data and transparent data; and a controller for reading data of different layers, combining the data, configuring shape data, and controlling the display unit to display the shape data.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for sensing a rotary switch handling direction of a monitor is disclosed, in which a simple configuration can be obtained and accuracy in sensing a handling direction can be enhanced. The apparatus for sensing a rotary switch handling direction of a monitor includes a rotary switch for outputting voltage levels varied correspondingly depending on a user's handling direction, and a microcomputer for storing the voltage levels output from the rotary switch and comparing the voltage levels with a previously stored voltage change/handling direction table to determine a handling direction of the rotary switch. Since the handling direction is sensed by the voltage level difference for respective contacts, it is possible to exactly sense the handling direction and to relatively obtain a simple configuration.

Abstract: An add-compare-select (ACS) arithmetic unit for a Viterbi decoder is provided.

Abstract: A pre-decoder applied to a turbo decoder for decoding a punctured turbo code. The turbo code consists of a plurality of parity bit streams, parts of which are punctured. The pre-decoder has an arithmetic unit for calculating an estimation value of the parity bit streams by carrying out a same algorithm with respect to the data bit stream which is used by a turbo encoder to produce the parity bit streams, a comparison unit for comparing the plurality of parity bit streams with the estimation value, and a recovery unit for substituting the punctured bits of the parity bit streams for bits of the estimation values corresponding to the punctured parts when the respective bits of the parity bit streams are identical with the bits of the estimation values corresponding to the punctured parts. The punctured parity symbols are recovered by the pre-decoder completely, or at least partially, and provided to the turbo decoder. Accordingly, the decoding performance of the turbo decoder is enhanced.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for sensing a rotary switch handling direction of a monitor is disclosed, in which a simple configuration can be obtained and accuracy in sensing a handling direction can be enhanced. The apparatus for sensing a rotary switch handling direction of a monitor includes a rotary switch for outputting voltage levels varied correspondingly depending on a user's handling direction, and a microcomputer for storing the voltage levels output from the rotary switch and comparing the voltage levels with a previously stored voltage change/handling direction table to determine a handling direction of the rotary switch. Since the handling direction is sensed by the voltage level difference for respective contacts, it is possible to exactly sense the handling direction and to relatively obtain a simple configuration.

Abstract: An electropolishing apparatus for polishing an inner face of a deep hole of an article comprises a support for holding an article so that the article is maintained to erect in an electrolytic bath, and an electrode to be inserted into a deep hole of the article. The electrode is a hollow member having a through hole formed longitudinally. Electrolyte is supplied into the through hole of the electrode from upside. The electrolyte flows through the through hole of the electrode, a gap between the lower end of the electrode and the bottom of the hole, and another gap to be between an outer face of the electrode and an inner face of the hole. A plurality of removers consisting of nonwoven fabric may be fixed around the electrode. The support and the article rotate, while the electrode moves up and down. Furthermore, a plurality of magnets may be arranged around the article so that a magnetic field is formed in a zone including the article.

Abstract: An integrated electrical system includes a first conductor for receiving current from power lines or other equipment. The conductor is coupled to a conventional vacuum switch for controlling flow of current through the system. A current collector coupled to the vacuum switch collects current from the vacuum switch. A second conductor coupled to the current collector delivers current to equipment or lines externally of the device. The components of the system are housed within an inner epoxy encapsulated within Polysil. The epoxy preferably has temperature characteristics which are similar to that of Polysil to prevent cracking due to temperature stress. At least one sensor may also be provided integrally with the components for detecting faults or for sensing general power line conditions. A preferred voltage sensor has resistive shielding for accurate sensing in adverse environments.

Abstract: An integrated electrical system includes a first conductor for receiving current from power lines or other equipment. The conductor is coupled to a conventional vacuum switch for controlling flow of current through the system. A current collector coupled to the vacuum switch collects current from the vacuum switch. A second conductor coupled to the current collector delivers current to equipment or lines externally of the device. The components of the system are housed within an inner epoxy encapsulated within Polysil. The epoxy preferably has temperature characteristics which are similar to that of Polysil to prevent cracking due to temperature stress. At least one sensor may also be provided integrally with the components for detecting faults or for sensing general power line conditions. A preferred voltage sensor has resistive shielding for accurate sensing in adverse environments.