Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for treating a substrate, the apparatus including: an equipment front end module including a load port and a transfer frame; a process chamber for performing a process treatment on a substrate; and a load lock chamber disposed in a transfer path of the substrate transferred between the transfer frame and the process chamber, in which the load lock chamber includes: a housing having an interior space; a compartmentalizing plate for compartmentalizing the interior space into a first space, and a second space independent of the first space; and an aligning unit for aligning a notch of the substrate provided in any one of the first space and the second space.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a tobacco material including a natural flavor material and a method of preparing the tobacco material. The tobacco material may have a core-shell structure in which a core includes a natural flavor material and is surrounded by a shell including a tobacco mixture, such that the aerosol generating article including the tobacco material generates a characteristic flavor.

Abstract: One or more embodiments relate to an aerosol generating article including: a first portion including an aerosol generating element; a second portion including a cooling element; a third portion including a tobacco element; and a fourth portion including a filter element, wherein the first through fourth portions are sequentially arranged in a longitudinal direction of the aerosol generating article.

Abstract: A secondary battery includes an electrode assembly having a positive electrode provided with a positive electrode tab, a separator, and a negative electrode provided with a negative electrode tab, the positive electrode, the separator, and the negative electrode being wound, the electrode assembly having a core part at a center thereof; a can configured to receive the electrode assembly therein, the negative electrode tab being connected to the can; a cap assembly coupled to an opening of the can, the positive electrode tab being connected to the cap assembly; and a reinforcing member provided on an end of the separator exposed beyond the positive electrode or the negative electrode to prevent heat of the positive electrode tab or the negative electrode tab from being transferred to the separator.

Abstract: An inductor includes a first magnetic body having a toroidal shape and having a ferrite; and a second magnetic body configured to be different from the first magnetic body and including a metal ribbon, wherein the second magnetic body includes an outer magnetic body disposed on an outer circumferential surface of the first magnetic body and an inner magnetic body disposed on an inner circumferential surface of the first magnetic body, and each of the outer magnetic body and inner magnetic body is wound in a plurality of layers in a circumferential direction of the first magnetic body.

Abstract: Provided is an aerosol generating apparatus including: a susceptor configured to heat an aerosol generating article inserted into an accommodation space of the aerosol generating apparatus; an induction coil arranged around the susceptor and configured to heat the susceptor by induction heating; a switching module configured to switch an electrical path of the induction coil; and a controller electrically connected to the switching module and configured to detect insertion of the aerosol generating article on the basis of a change in an inductance of the induction coil by setting a control mode for the induction coil to a reception mode, and when the insertion of the aerosol generating article is detected, switch the control mode to a transmission mode for activating the induction heating, via the switching module.

Abstract: An embodiment of the present disclosure discloses tobacco material including: a center portion including a flavor material; and an outer portion including a tobacco mixture, wherein the outer portion surrounds the center portion.

Abstract: A display device includes light-emitting units including at least one element set including light-emitting elements; a first storage unit that stores temperature data of the at least one element set; and a compensator that extracts a first element set having temperature data of a higher temperature than an average temperature among the temperature data of the at least one element set and compensates for image data based on the extracted first element set to generate compensation data.

Abstract: A water-ring vacuum pump including a built-in hogging flow path. The water-ring vacuum pump includes a first-stage body, a second-stage body, and an impeller. The first-stage body includes a gas inlet port through which gas is suctioned and a seal water supply port through which seal water is supplied. The second-stage body includes a mixed fluid outlet port through which a mixed fluid of the gas and the seal water is discharged. The first-stage body has a fluid-mixing space provided therein, the fluid-mixing space having a mixed flow of the gas and the seal water therein. The second-stage body has a fluid guide space and an internal hogging flow path provided therein, the internal hogging flow path communicating with the fluid guide space.

Abstract: A control method of a manipulator is provided. The method includes photographing a target using a camera and detected the target using the photographed data. A holding motion for the target is set based on the detected target and a robot is operated to hold the target based on the set holding motion.

Abstract: A gripper includes a finger module coupled to one side of a palm module, the palm module including a first power unit including a first rotary shaft and configured to rotate the first rotary shaft, a screw member configured to rotate in conjunction with a rotation of the first rotary shaft, a nut member coupled to the screw member, a first member coupled to the nut member and movable in a vertical direction in conjunction with a vertical motion of the nut member, the first member having a groove extending in one direction and having a recessed shape, and a connection member having a first side coupled to the finger module and a second side inserted into the groove, wherein the connection member is movable away from or toward the screw member by restriction between the connection member and an inner surface of the groove.

Abstract: Provided is an operation method of a security requirement recommendation system including inputting an attack scenario of an advanced persistent threat (APT); and estimating a specific APT attack case similar to the attack scenario based on a case-based problem domain ontology including characteristic models of the APT attack cases, and recommending a security requirement corresponding to the specific APT attack case.

Abstract: A provenance information based trust evaluation method of a trust evaluation apparatus for selecting a cooperation object of a self-adaptive system includes transmitting a cooperation request signal to a communicable neighbor, receiving a response including provenance information from the neighbor, evaluating a final trust based on the provenance information included in the response of each cooperation candidate object by considering a neighbor which transmits the response as a cooperation candidate object, and selecting a cooperation object based on the final trust of each of the cooperation candidate object, and the final trust is calculated based on a provenance trust of each of the cooperation candidate objects and the influence of the cooperation pattern.

Abstract: Provided is an operation method of an attack risk assessment system, which includes: extracting, when an advanced persistent threat attack is detected, an attack component for the advanced persistent threat attack based on risk-aware problem domain ontology for assessing a security risk for an attack; identifying a risk component based on the attack component; deriving a security requirement by a goal based access scheme set for the risk component; and assessing the security risk based on an evidence set through a relationship between a domain asset identified as the risk component and the security requirement.

Abstract: Disclosed is a safety-reinforced water-ring vacuum pump including a built-in hogging flow path. The water-ring vacuum pump includes a first-stage body, a second-stage body, and an impeller. The first-stage body includes a gas inlet port through which gas is suctioned and a seal water supply port through which seal water is supplied. The second-stage body includes a mixed fluid outlet port through which a mixed fluid of the gas and the seal water is discharged. The impeller is rotated at high speed by an internal drive shaft penetrating the first-stage body and the second-stage body. The first-stage body has a fluid-mixing space provided therein, the fluid-mixing space having a mixed flow of the gas and the seal water therein. The second-stage body has a fluid guide space and an internal hogging flow path provided therein, the internal hogging flow path communicating with the fluid guide space.

Abstract: The present invention relates: to a novel transition metal complex having a C—N ligand, which can be used for various devices including an electrochemical sensor, to a device comprising same; and preferably, to an electrochemical sensor.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel organic electron-transfer mediator showing an excellent oxidation-reduction potential and a device such as an electrochemical biosensor having improved performance comprising the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a transmission image-based non-destructive inspecting method, a method of providing a non-destructive inspection function, and a device therefor. Specifically, when transmission images of industrial parts or electronic parts including an electronic circuit board mounted therein exist, the present invention enables various inspection methods to be used for the transmission images, so that a user can easily perform a defect inspection according to various situations.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a concentration of an analyte in a bio-sample using an electrochemical bio-sensor, includes a connector with a sample cell in which an oxidation/reduction enzyme and an electron transfer mediator are fixed and a working electrode and an counter electrode are provided; a digital-to-analog converter circuit configured to apply a constant DC voltage to start the oxidation/reduction reaction of the analyte, proceed with an electron transfer reaction, and apply a ?-step ladder-type perturbation potential for fluctuating a potential of the sample cell after applying the constant DC voltage; and a microcontroller configured to control the digital-to-analog converter circuit and directly obtain a concentration value of the analyte from a calibration equation using the ?-step ladder-type perturbation potential.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a kit for quantitative analysis of glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and the kit for quantitative analysis of HbA1c according to the present invention has excellent long-term stability of an enzyme reagent and thus has an effect of easily overcoming the disadvantages of the conventional reagents used in enzyme assays (e.g., storage, accuracy, portability, convenience of use, etc.).