Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a LOG-type liquid crystal display panel and a fabricating method that is adaptive for reducing a line resistance of a LOG-type signal line group within the confined area. A LOG-type liquid crystal display panel according to one aspect of the present invention includes a picture display part having a plurality of liquid crystal cells, each of which is arranged at each intersection area between gate lines and data lines; and line on glass type signal lines, being provided at an outer area of the picture display part by a line on glass system, for applying driving signals required for drive integrated circuits for driving the gate lines and the data lines, wherein said any one signal line of the line on glass type signal lines is provided by different metal layers formed between the insulating films and connected with each other in parallel.

Abstract: A color filter unit and a projection system employing the same. The color filter unit includes a first color selection polarization conversion element, which converts a polarization direction of a beam in a specific color band of an incident light, and a color filter, which separates light passed through the first color selection polarization conversion element according to color, so that color mixture in spectral boundaries between color beams is prevented. Because the color mixture occurring when beams into which light emitted from a white light source is separated are combined is prevented, the quality of an image is improved.

Abstract: In a wireless data communication network, a mobile terminal is reconnected to a contents provider, when a connection established between the mobile terminal and the contents provider is interrupted or after a completion of the downloading of contents, by using return address information and contents address information including addresses of the contents provider and a web page including information relating to the downloaded contents, respectively. A WML (wireless markup language) script including the contents address information and the return address information is provided to the mobile terminal before initiating the downloading of the contents. In this way, the mobile terminal can easily be reconnected to the contents provider when the connection established between the mobile terminal and the contents provider is interrupted due to network congestion or the mobile terminal leaving the service coverage area.

Abstract: A single-panel color image display apparatus realizing a wide color gamut is provided. The single-panel color image display apparatus includes a colored light separator having a plurality of dichroic filters in which a dichroic filter reflecting a red light beam may be disposed lastly among the plurality of dichroic filters. The single-panel color image display apparatus may include a scrolling unit having a mask at a boundary portion between spiral lens cells.

Abstract: A data encryption method for an IEEE 1394 serial bus network, a data encryption method for an IEEE 1394 serial bus network, comprising the steps of requesting a private encryption at a data transmission node using a predetermined encryption algorithm at a data receiving node; recognizing and confirming that the data transmission node set the private encryption requesting at the data receiving node; transmitting an encrypted data at the data transmission node when the receiving node requests a service at the data transmission node; and decoding the encrypted data using a predetermined unencrypting key at the data receiving node, for thereby transmitting an encryption algorithm and encryption data to a corresponding node when a service is requested from a receiving node with respect to a certain system by setting an encryption algorithm in the system and decoding an encrypted data transmitted from the system in accordance with an encryption algorithm and displaying the same, so that a certain user can use a ser

Abstract: A single-panel color image display apparatus realizing a wide color gamut is provided. The single-panel color image display apparatus includes a colored light separator having a plurality of dichroic filters in which a dichroic filter reflecting a red light beam may be disposed lastly among the plurality of dichroic filters. The single-panel color image display apparatus may include a scrolling unit having a mask at a boundary portion between spiral lens cells.

Abstract: An image display apparatus having an optical scanner. The apparatus includes: an illumination optical system to emit a beam; a spectrometer that separates the beam emitted from the illumination optical system by reflecting and diffracting the beam at different diffraction angles according to a wavelength of the beam while rocking back and forth at a predetermined angle with respect to a rotational axis; a relay lens system that converts the beam separated by the spectrometer into parallel beams; an image optical system that produces an image by reflecting the parallel beams incident from the relay lens system; a screen and a projection optical system that projects the beams reflected by the image optical system onto the screen. The beam is reflected and diffracted at different diffraction angles to correspond on a one-to-one basis to each scanning line of the panel, thereby allowing a display of full-size, high brightness, and high resolution images using a single panel.

Abstract: A method of chemically depositing a copper film in which a bromine or iodine-containing catalyst component is employed to enhance the deposition rate. The present invention is characterized in that the catalyst component floats on the film surface during the film formation. Accordingly, a film deposition having superior step coverage and high deposition rate is obtained.

Abstract: A collimating lens and a collimating system which condense light emitted from a light source with directivity at a high efficiency and a projection type image displaying apparatus using the same. The collimating system includes a light source having at least one dominant emitting angle at which light having a relatively great intensity distribution is emitted and a collimating lens including at least one prism portion having an exit surface sloping at a prism angle corresponding to the dominant emitting angle.

Abstract: A single-panel color image display apparatus includes a plurality of switchable color filters selectively transmitting and/or reflecting a plurality of color light beams. In the single panel color image display apparatus, the plurality of color light beams are radiated in turn at the same pixel of a display device so that true color can be realized in a unit pixel during a period of a single video frame. The single-panel color image display apparatus has physically the same resolution as a conventional projection-type single-panel image display apparatus using a color wheel and has substantially the same light efficiency and resolution as a conventional three-panel color image display apparatus using three display devices.

Abstract: A single-panel color image display apparatus includes a plurality of switchable color filters selectively transmitting and/or reflecting a plurality of color light beams. In the single panel color image display apparatus, the plurality of color light beams are radiated in turn at the same pixel of a display device so that true color can be realized in a unit pixel during a period of a single video frame. The single-panel color image display apparatus has physically the same resolution as a conventional projection-type single-panel image display apparatus using a color wheel and has substantially the same light efficiency and resolution as a conventional three-panel color image display apparatus using three display devices.

Abstract: A method for performing a protocol interfacing operation for a plurality of nodes in an IEEE1394 serial bus network. Upon initialization of an IEEE1394 serial bus due to node addition or deletion, each of the nodes formats a protocol identifier packet and sends it to the other nodes. A bus manager stores the protocol identifier packets of the nodes into a protocol map. Then, a source node sends a protocol query packet including a target node identifier to the bus manager to request the transfer of data. Upon receiving the protocol query packet from the source node, the bus manager retrieves a communication protocol from the protocol map and sends a protocol set packet including information about the retrieved communication protocol to the source node and a target node to perform the transfer of data between the source and target nodes through the communication protocol. Therefore, the data transfer can efficiently be performed with no necessity for checking protocols one by one.

Abstract: A microelectronic device includes an insulating layer on a microelectronic substrate wherein the insulating layer has a contact hole therein exposing a portion of the microelectronic substrate. A first capacitor electrode is provided on a surface of the insulating layer opposite the microelectronic substrate and adjacent the contact hole wherein a lower portion of the first capacitor electrode extends into the contact hole below the surface of the insulating layer. A ferroelectric layer is provided on the first capacitor electrode, and a second capacitor electrode is provided on the ferroelectric layer. Related methods and memory devices are also discussed.

Abstract: A microelectronic device includes an insulating layer on a microelectronic substrate wherein the insulating layer has a contact hole therein exposing a portion of the microelectronic substrate. A first capacitor electrode is provided on a surface of the insulating layer opposite the microelectronic substrate and adjacent the contact hole wherein a lower portion of the first capacitor electrode extends into the contact hole below the surface of the insulating layer. A ferroelectric layer is provided on the first capacitor electrode, and a second capacitor electrode is provided on the ferroelectric layer. Related methods and memory devices are also discussed.

Abstract: A conductive diffusion barrier layer, a semiconductor device having the same, and a method for manufacturing the semiconductor device is provided. The diffusion barrier layer contains Al, N, and a metal element selected from the group consisting of Ta, Mo, Nb, and W. The content ratio of each element is between 1 and 60 mole percent. The diffusion barrier layer further contains O having a content ratio between 1 and 50 mole percent. A capacitor using the diffusion barrier layer described above exhibits a higher capacitance because the plug formed under a storage node is prevented from being oxidized and a dielectric layer having a high dielectric constant is formed.

Abstract: Methods of forming integrated circuit capacitors include the steps of forming an electrically insulating layer on a face of a semiconductor substrate and then patterning the electrically insulating layer to define a contact hole therein. A barrier metal layer is then formed in at least a portion of the contact hole. A lower electrode metal layer is then formed on the barrier metal layer and then planarized by reflowing the lower electrode metal layer at a temperature greater than about 650.degree. C. in a nitrogen gas ambient, to define a lower capacitor electrode. A layer of material having a high dielectric constant is then formed on the lower capacitor electrode. An upper capacitor electrode is then formed on the dielectric layer, opposite the lower capacitor electrode. The dielectric layer may comprise Ba(Sr, Ti)O.sub.3, Pb(Zr, Ti)O.sub.3, Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5, SiO.sub.2, SiN.sub.3, SrTiO.sub.3, PZT, SrBi.sub.2 Ta.sub.2 O.sub.9, (Pb, La)(Zr, Ti)O.sub.3 and Bi.sub.4 Ti.sub.3 O.sub.12.

Abstract: Methods of forming floating-gate ferroelectric random-access-memory (FFRAM) devices include the steps of forming vertically integrated FFRAM unit cells having floating-gate transistors and access transistors positioned at different levels on a semiconductor substrate to increase the density at which the unit cells may be integrated. Preferred methods include the steps of forming a first transistor having opposing floating and control gate electrodes, at a surface of a semiconductor substrate, and then forming a first insulating layer having a first contact hole therein, on the first transistor. The first transistor comprises a layer of ferroelectric material between the floating and control gate electrodes, which can be polarized in respective first and second states to retain logic 1 and logic 0 data. Steps are then performed to form a first electrical interconnect (e.g., conductive plug) in the first contact hole and electrically coupled to the control gate electrode.

Abstract: A device and method for generating a composite color signal are disclosed. The device includes a first memory unit for storing digital cosine data, a second memory unit for storing digital sine data, a first arithmetic unit for multiplying digital color difference data Cr input thereto with the digital cosine data, a second arithmetic unit for multiplying digital color difference data Cb input thereto with the digital sine data, and an adder for adding outputs of the first and arithmetic units to generate a digital composite color signal. The method includes the steps of storing digital cosine data and sine data in at least one of first and second memories, modulating digital color data using the stored digital sine and cosine data, and generating a composite color signal using the modulated digital color data.

Abstract: A method for forming a dynamic random access memory device includes the step of forming a memory cell access transistor on a semiconductor substrate wherein the memory cell access transistor includes a source/drain region at a surface of the semiconductor substrate. An insulating layer is formed on the semiconductor substrate and on the memory cell access transistor wherein the insulating layer has a contact hole therein exposing a portion of the source/drain region of the substrate. A first conductive layer is chemical vapor deposited on the exposed portion of the source/drain region of the substrate, and a second conductive layer is physical vapor deposited on the first conductive layer opposite the substrate. A dielectric layer is formed on the second conductive layer opposite the substrate, and a third conductive layer is formed on the dielectric layer opposite the substrate.

Abstract: An MgTiO.sub.3 film is used as a diffusion-barrier layer and/or a buffer layer for a ferroelectric film such as a PZT film. The MgTiO.sub.3 films may be used in ferroelectric capacitors which can be included in FRAM devices, and in ferroelectric floating gate transistors which can be included in FFRAM devices. Associated fabrication methods are also provided.