Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate; a display element on the substrate; a capping layer on the display element; an optical layer on the capping layer, and including: a first optical layer on the display element; and a second optical layer on the first optical layer; and a thin film encapsulation layer on the optical layer, and including: a first inorganic encapsulation layer on the second optical layer; an auxiliary layer on the first inorganic encapsulation layer; an organic encapsulation layer on the auxiliary layer; and a second inorganic encapsulation layer on the organic encapsulation layer. A refractive index of the second optical layer is smaller than a refractive index of the capping layer, and a refractive index of the first optical layer is between the refractive index of the second optical layer and the refractive index of the capping layer.

Abstract: Provided herein is an ultrasonic-based aerosol generation device. The aerosol generation device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure includes a liquid reservoir configured to store an aerosol-forming substrate in a liquid state, a wick configured to absorb the stored aerosol-forming substrate, an ultrasonic vibrator configured to vaporize the absorbed aerosol-forming substrate through ultrasonic waves to generate an aerosol, and a controller configured to control the ultrasonic vibrator. Here, at least a portion of the wick and at least a portion of the ultrasonic vibrator may be implemented to have a flat shape and may be disposed to come in close contact with each other. In this way, a vaporization area may be maximized, and vapor production may be significantly enhanced.

Abstract: A food freezing apparatus according to the present invention comprises: a transport unit having multiple vertically spaced levels provided so as to continuously transport food; a cooling unit for cooling the food transported by the multiple levels of the transport unit; a pre-freezing unit for pre-freezing the food transported by the multiple levels of the transport unit after having been cooled; a freezing unit for freezing the food transported by the multiple levels of the transport unit after having been pre-frozen; and a defrosting unit connected to the freezing unit so as to remove frost that forms inside the freezing unit.

Abstract: An aerosol generation device having a differentiated heating function and an aerosol-generating article applied thereto are provided. The aerosol generation device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a housing configured to form an accommodation space for accommodating an aerosol-generating article and a heater part configured to heat the aerosol-generating article accommodated in the accommodation space to generate an aerosol. Here, the heater part may include a first heating part configured to heat a first part of the aerosol-generating article and a second heating part configured to heat a second part of the aerosol-generating article. At least one opening may be formed in the second heating part to heat the first part and the second part of the aerosol-generating article in a differentiated manner.

Abstract: An embodiment electrochemical device includes a first separator including a first channel and a first land disposed in a first direction, a second separator including a second channel and a second land disposed in a second direction intersecting the first direction, the second separator being stacked on the first separator, and contact patterns provided on the first separator and disposed on the first channel so as to be in contact with the second separator.

Abstract: A storage device includes a memory device including a plurality of memory dies; and a memory controller for addressing a memory die among the plurality of memory dies by using an address latch enable (ALE) signal and a command latch enable (CLE) signal, which are input during predetermined N cycles, where N is a natural number, and controlling the memory device such that the one memory die performs a memory operation. The memory controller may address the memory die by addressing a channel among a plurality of channels respectively connected to a plurality of package groups by using a chip enable (CE) signal.

Abstract: A system for detecting defects includes a memory configured to store a program of instructions; and a processor configured execute the program of instructions to convert an SEM image into an image layout, determine a search space based on performing first layout matching for the image layout and a design layout, match the image layout and the design layout based on performing the second layout matching in the search space, and output defect information based on detecting defects the matched image layout and the matched design layout. The SEM image is an image obtained based on photographing a semiconductor pattern formed on a semiconductor wafer using the design layout based on using a scanning electron microscope.

Abstract: An aerosol generation device and a control method thereof are provided. The aerosol generation device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a liquid supply part configured to supply a liquid aerosol-forming substrate, a vaporization element configured to vaporize the supplied liquid aerosol-forming substrate to generate an aerosol in a vaporization space, and an airflow path configured to allow the aerosol generated in the vaporization space to move toward a mouthpiece. Here, the vaporization element, an inlet of the airflow path, and an outlet of the airflow path may be formed in a nonlinear structure, and accordingly, a droplet discharge phenomenon and an airflow path blockage phenomenon may be prevented.

Abstract: An embodiment of a display apparatus includes a display panel provided within a vehicle and including a main display area and an edge display area disposed outside the main display area and an integrated controller configured to control the display panel, wherein the integrated controller includes a passenger behavior determining unit configured to determine whether a passenger uses the display panel, a driving state determining unit configured to determine a driving state of the vehicle, and an output controller configured to control a first driving display, corresponding to the driving state of the vehicle, to be outputted to the edge display area in response to a determination that the passenger uses the display panel.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an in-vehicle lighting environment includes: a passenger state determination unit that determines a state of a passenger using a gaze of the passenger photographed by a camera of a vehicle; a driving state determination unit that determines a driving state of the vehicle using an acceleration value measured by an acceleration sensor of the vehicle; an external environment state determination unit that determines an external environment state of the vehicle using an external illuminance value measured by an external illuminance sensor of the vehicle; and a lighting environment control unit that controls an illuminance and a color of a first light disposed inside the vehicle based on data determined by at least one determination unit among the passenger state, driving state, and external environment state determination units.

Abstract: An aerosol generation device with improved heating efficiency is provided. The aerosol generation device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure includes a case in which an insertion hole is formed to receive an aerosol-generating article, a heater configured to heat the aerosol-generating article inserted through the insertion hole to generate an aerosol, and an adapter disposed between the insertion hole and the heater. The adapter may allow a medium portion of the inserted aerosol-generating article to be deformed to a desired pressed shape so that the heating efficiency of the heater is improved.

Abstract: A display device includes: a substrate; a display element on the substrate; a capping layer on the display element; an optical layer on the capping layer, and including: a first optical layer on the display element; and a second optical layer on the first optical layer; and a thin film encapsulation layer on the optical layer, and including: a first inorganic encapsulation layer on the second optical layer; an auxiliary layer on the first inorganic encapsulation layer; an organic encapsulation layer on the auxiliary layer; and a second inorganic encapsulation layer on the organic encapsulation layer. A refractive index of the second optical layer is smaller than a refractive index of the capping layer, and a refractive index of the first optical layer is between the refractive index of the second optical layer and the refractive index of the capping layer.

Abstract: An inference system applies a machine-learning transformer model to a batch of requests with variable input length or variable target length or variable internal sate length by selectively batching a subset of operations in the transformer model but processing requests in the batch individually for a subset of operations in the transformer model. In one embodiment, the operation to be processed individually is an attention operation of an encoder or a decoder of the transformer model. By selective batching, the inference system can allow batching operations to be performed for a batch of requests with variable input or target length or internal state length to utilize the parallel computation capabilities of hardware accelerators while preventing unnecessary computations that occur for workarounds that restrain the data of a batch of requests to a same length.

Abstract: An inference system applies a machine-learning transformer model to a batch of requests with variable input length or variable target length or variable internal sate length by selectively batching a subset of operations in the transformer model but processing requests in the batch individually for a subset of operations in the transformer model. In one embodiment, the operation to be processed individually is an attention operation of an encoder or a decoder of the transformer model. By selective batching, the inference system can allow batching operations to be performed for a batch of requests with variable input or target length or internal state length to utilize the parallel computation capabilities of hardware accelerators while preventing unnecessary computations that occur for workarounds that restrain the data of a batch of requests to a same length.

Abstract: An inference system applies a machine-learning transformer model to a batch of requests with variable input length or variable target length or variable internal state length by selectively batching a subset of operations in the transformer model but processing requests in the batch individually for a subset of operations in the transformer model. In one embodiment, the operation to be processed individually is an attention operation of an encoder or a decoder of the transformer model. By selective batching, the inference system can allow batching operations to be performed for a batch of requests with variable input or target length or internal state length to utilize the parallel computation capabilities of hardware accelerators while preventing unnecessary computations that occur for workarounds that restrain the data of a batch of requests to a same length.

Abstract: A heater for aerosol generation devices and an aerosol generation device including the same are provided. The heater according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a first electroconductive pattern which is configured to perform a heating function and a second electroconductive pattern which is made of a material with a temperature coefficient of resistance higher than that of the first electroconductive pattern and is configured to perform a temperature measurement function for the heater. In this case, since a temperature of a heating surface of the heater may be accurately measured through the second electroconductive pattern, control precision for the heater may be improved.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an electrochemical stack assembly including an enclosure in which a plurality of cells arranged in a reference direction are disposed, the enclosure including an opening, an enclosure cover seated on the enclosure to cover the opening and a fastening member passing through a first hole of the enclosure and a second hole of the enclosure cover to fasten the enclosure and the enclosure cover to each other, wherein a size of the second hole is different from a size of the first hole.

Abstract: A laser-based aerosol generation device and a heating method thereof are provided. The aerosol generation device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure may include a laser radiation part configured to heat an aerosol-generating article to generate an aerosol by radiating laser to aerosol-generating article. By instantaneously heating a local surface of the aerosol-generating article, the laser heating method may ensure immediate aerosol generation without a preheating time.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi-channel lidar sensor module capable of measuring at least two target objects using one image sensor. The multi-channel lidar sensor module according to an embodiment of the present invention includes at least one pair of light emitting units configured to emit laser beams and a light receiving unit formed between the at least one pair of emitting units and configured to receive at least one pair of reflected laser beams which are emitted from the at least one pair of light emitting units and reflected by target objects.

Abstract: Provided herein are an induction heating-type aerosol-generating article and device with improved heating efficiency. The induction heating-type aerosol-generating article according to some embodiments of the present disclosure includes a medium portion which includes an aerosol-forming substrate, a susceptor element which forms a closed loop to wrap around at least a portion of the medium portion and which is configured to, due to induction heating being performed therein, heat at least a portion of the medium portion, and an outer wrapper which wraps around at least a portion of the susceptor element. In this case, since the susceptor element is embedded in the aerosol-generating article and directly transmits heat to the medium portion, and an induced current may smoothly flow through the formed closed loop, heating efficiency may be significantly improved.