Abstract: A memory device includes multiple word lines. A method of operating the memory device includes: performing a first dummy read operation, with respect to first memory cells connected to a first word line among the word lines, by applying a dummy read voltage, having an offset level of a first level, to the first word line; determining, based on a result of the performing of the first dummy read operation, degradation of a threshold voltage distribution of the first memory cells; adjusting an offset level of the dummy read voltage as a second level, based on a result of the determining of the threshold voltage distribution; and performing a second dummy read operation with respect to second memory cells connected to a second word line among the word lines, by applying a dummy read voltage, having the offset level adjusted as the second level, to the second word line among the word lines.

Abstract: A compound, an organic light emitting element including the same, and a display device including the organic light emitting element are disclosed, and the compound for an organic optoelectric device represented by Chemical Formula 1 is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a press-type water sampling device, and to a press-type water sampling device comprising: a water sampling bottle having opened upper and lower parts; and a bumper support, which has a top cap and a bottom cap for blocking the opened upper and lower parts of the water sampling bottle, is formed into a frame having a shape that encompasses the water sampling bottle, and enables the water sampling bottle to be vertically moveable.

Abstract: A novel condensed cyclic compound and an organic light emitting device including the same are disclosed.

Abstract: A gate driver includes a plurality of shift registers and a plurality of connection controllers. The shift registers are connected to a plurality of gate lines of a stretchable display panel, respectively. The shift registers are grouped into a plurality of shift register groups. N adjacent shift registers constitute each of the shift register groups, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The connection controllers change a connection structure of the N adjacent shift registers included in the each of the shift register groups according to whether the stretchable display panel is stretched.

Abstract: The present invention relates to: a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans in which a glutamine tRNA 5? terminus-derived fragment (Gln 5?-tsRNA) is overexpressed; a preparation method therefor; and a method for screening for aging-associated factors by using the transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans. A transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model provided in the present invention is an animal model in which Gln 5?-tsRNA is overexpressed such that aging is inhibited. When the model of the present invention is used, anti-aging mechanisms can be easily investigated, thereby significantly contributing to various research fields such as that of developing new anti-aging drugs and screening for age-inducing materials.

Abstract: A continuous variable valve duration apparatus is provided. The apparatus includes a camshaft and a cam unit on which a cam is formed. The camshaft is inserted into the cam unit. An inner wheel transmits rotation of the camshaft to the cam unit. The inner wheel is rotatably inserted in a wheel housing a housing hinge aperture parallel to the camshaft is formed on the wheel housing. A slider hinge aperture and a slider control aperture parallel to the camshaft are formed through a slider. A hinge shaft is inserted into the housing hinge aperture and the slider hinge aperture. An eccentric cam is formed on a control shaft and is inserted into the slider control aperture. A controller selectively rotates the control shaft to move the wheel housing perpendicular to the camshaft via the slider.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure provide a semiconductor device, for example comprising a finger print sensor, and a method for manufacturing thereof. Various aspects of the present disclosure may, for example, provide an ultra-slim finger print sensor having a thickness of 500 ?m or less that does not include a separate printed circuit board (PCB), and a method for manufacturing thereof.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate with an active region, a plurality of conductive line structures on the substrate, an insulating layer separating the plurality of conductive line structures from the substrate, a contact plug between every two adjacent conductive line structures, an insulating spacer structure between each conductive line structure and a corresponding contact plug, a landing pad connected to each contact plug, and a landing pad insulation pattern having an asymmetrical shape based on a vertical axis of the landing pad that extends along a normal to the substrate. The landing pad insulation pattern includes a first portion overlapping the conductive line structures and a second portion overlapping the contact plug, the first and second portions being on opposite sides of the vertical axis.

Abstract: Various embodiments of the present invention relate to an electronic device and an operation control method of the electronic device, and the electronic device comprises an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display panel including a plurality of sub pixels, a memory, and a processor, wherein the processor can be configured so as to confirm accumulated image data for each sub pixel of the display panel while a plurality of frames are displayed on the panel, generate a compensation image for compensating for a residual image generated on the display panel on the basis of the accumulated image data of each sub pixel when an event for residual image compensation occurs, and display the generated compensation image on the display panel.

Abstract: A continuous variable valve duration apparatus may include: a camshaft; a cam unit on which a cam is formed, and the camshaft inserted to the cam; an inner wheel for transmitting rotation of the camshaft to the cam unit; a wheel housing into which the inner wheel is rotatably inserted and movable perpendicular to the camshaft; a guide shaft on which a guide screw thread is formed and disposed perpendicular to the camshaft; a worm wheel formed with an inner screw thread for engaging with the guide screw thread, and the worm wheel disposed within the wheel housing; and a control shaft on which a control worm for engaging with the worm wheel is formed.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a phosphor composition and a light-emitting device package including the same includes a first phosphor excited by an excited light source so as to emit light of a first wavelength area; a second phosphor excited by the excited light source so as to emit light of a second wavelength area; and a third phosphor excited by the excited light source so as to emit light of a third wavelength area. Therefore, light emitted from the phosphor composition has an improved color rendering index due to an increase in the intensity of light in a cyan wavelength area, and has an improved light velocity due to a shortened wavelength of light in a red wavelength area.

Abstract: Compounds useful dopants for light emitting diodes and light emitting display devices are disclosed. The compounds have the following structure (Formula I): wherein R1a, R1b, R2a, R2b, Z1, Z2, X and Y are as defined herein. Light emitting diodes including the compounds of Formula I, light emitting devices including the same as well as methods associated with preparation and use of such compounds and devices are also provided.

Abstract: According to principals as disclosed herein an organic, light emitting diode assembly is provided having a first electrode. An electron injection layer is adjacent to the first electrode. A first electron transport layer composed of inorganic material is adjacent to the electron injection layer. A second electron transport layer composed of organic material is adjacent to the first electron transport layer and in contact with an organic light emitting material layer. The organic light emitting material layer is in direct, abutting contact with the second electron transport layer. A hole transport layer is adjacent to the organic light emitting material layer and a second electrode is adjacent to the hole transport layer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound for an organic optoelectronic element represented by Chemical Formula 1, an element comprising the same, and a display device comprising the organic optoelectronic element (details of Chemical Formula 1 are as described in the specification).

Abstract: A direct-type reflective diffusion lens and a lighting installation including the reflective diffusion lens. The reflective diffusion lens includes a first reflective surface concave and having a longitudinal cross-section with a parabola shape or normal distribution shape to totally reflect incident light, and a bottom surface comprising a light incident surface concave toward the first reflective surface. The reflective diffusion lens includes a second reflective surface having a longitudinal cross-section inclined by a first angle with respect to a central axis of the lens to totally reflect incident light and a refractive surface connecting the first reflective surface with the bottom surface. The refractive surface includes a first refractive surface having a longitudinal cross-section inclined by a second angle with respect to the central axis and a second refractive surface having a longitudinal cross-section inclined by a third angle with respect to the central axis.

Abstract: A light emitting diode includes a first electrode and a second electrode facing the first electrode. The light emitting diode further includes an emitting material layer (EML) disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode, and an electron transport layer (ETL) adjacent the EML. The ETL includes a plurality of first inorganic particles having a first average particle size, and a plurality of second inorganic particles having a second average particle size greater than the first average particle size. The plurality of first inorganic particles may also have a first energy bandgap, and a plurality of second inorganic particles may also have a second energy bandgap smaller than the first energy bandgap.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a light-emitting diode (LED) in which an organic compound including an imidazolium-based cationic moiety and an amine-based anionic moiety substituted with a strong electron-withdrawing group such as a sulfonyl group or a cyano group is applied to a hole transfer layer, and a light-emitting device. By applying the organic compound according to the present disclosure to the hole transfer layer, an energy barrier between the hole transport layer and an emitting material layer is removed, and an LED having improved hole transport properties can be designed. Therefore, it is possible to realize and manufacture an LED and a light-emitting device, driven at a low voltage and having improved luminous efficiency.

Abstract: A method of programming a non-volatile memory device including a first memory block and a second memory block includes: performing a first program operation on a first memory cell in the first memory block and connected to a first word line of a first level with respect to a substrate; after the performing of the first program operation on the first memory cell, performing the first program operation on a second memory cell in the second memory block and connected to a second word line of the first level; and after the performing off the first program operation on the second memory cell, performing a second program operation on the first memory cell.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a display panel, a gamma circuit, a driving circuit, and a fingerprint recognition sensor. The gamma circuit generates a first set of gray voltages in a normal operation mode and a fingerprint recognition voltage corresponding to a brightness higher than a maximum gray voltage among the first set of gray voltages. The driving circuit displays an image on the display panel based on the first set of gray voltages in the normal operation mode and a fingerprint recognition window on a portion of the display panel based on the fingerprint recognition voltage in the fingerprint recognition mode. The fingerprint recognition sensor recognizes a fingerprint based on reflected light of the fingerprint received through the fingerprint recognition window.