Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method, an apparatus, and a storage medium for image encoding/decoding using filtering. The image encoding method and the image decoding method perform classification on a classification unit of a target image, and perform filtering that uses a filter on the classification unit. A classification index of the classification unit is determined, and the classification index indicates a filter to be used for filtering on the classification unit, among multiple filters. The classification index is determined by various coding parameters, such as an encoding mode of the target block and an encoding mode of a neighboring block adjacent to the target block.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image encoding and decoding technique, and more particularly, to an image encoder and decoder using unidirectional prediction. The image encoder includes a dividing unit to divide a macro block into a plurality of sub-blocks, a unidirectional application determining unit to determine whether an identical prediction mode is applied to each of the plurality of sub-blocks, and a prediction mode determining unit to determine a prediction mode with respect to each of the plurality of sub-blocks based on a determined result of the unidirectional application determining unit.

Abstract: A method of decoding a motion vector includes: obtaining information indicating a motion vector resolution (MVR) of a current block from a bitstream; selecting one candidate block from among at least one candidate block, based on the MVR of the current block; and obtaining a motion vector of the current block corresponding to the MVR, by using a motion vector of the determined one candidate block as a prediction motion vector of the current block.

Abstract: A method of decoding motion information according to an embodiment includes: obtaining information indicating a disparity distance for determining a prediction motion vector of a current block; scaling the disparity distance corresponding to the obtained information, based on a comparison result between a base pixel unit and a smallest pixel unit indicatable by a motion vector of the current block; determining a prediction motion vector candidate changed by the scaled disparity distance from a base motion vector of the current block from among one or more prediction motion vector candidates as the prediction motion vector of the current block; and determining the motion vector of the current block by using the prediction motion vector.

Abstract: A method of decoding motion information according to an embodiment includes: determining a base motion vector of a current block; determining a primary differential motion vector for the current block based on information obtained from a bitstream from among one or more primary differential motion vector candidates classified according to a disparity distance and a disparity direction; and determining a motion vector of the current block by applying the primary differential motion vector to the base motion vector.

Abstract: Provided is a video decoding method performed by a video decoding apparatus, the video decoding method including: determining prediction mode information of a current block and an index indicating a prediction candidate, from a bitstream; determining a prediction candidate list according to the prediction mode information; when the prediction mode information of the current block indicates a pre-set prediction mode, determining a motion vector indicated by the index indicating the prediction candidate from the prediction candidate list, and determining a prediction motion vector of the current block based on at least one of pieces of motion prediction information related to the motion vector; and determining a motion vector of the current block based on the prediction motion vector, wherein the pre-set prediction mode is a prediction mode different from a skip mode and a merge mode.

Abstract: A method of decoding motion information according to an embodiment includes: obtaining information indicating a disparity distance for determining a prediction motion vector of a current block; scaling the disparity distance corresponding to the obtained information, based on a comparison result between a base pixel unit and a smallest pixel unit indicatable by a motion vector of the current block; determining a prediction motion vector candidate changed by the scaled disparity distance from a base motion vector of the current block from among one or more prediction motion vector candidates as the prediction motion vector of the current block; and determining the motion vector of the current block by using the prediction motion vector.

Abstract: A video decoding method includes determining whether an ultimate motion vector expression (UMVE) mode is allowed for an upper data unit including a current block, when the UMVE mode is allowed for the upper data unit, determining whether the UMVE mode is applied to the current block, when the UMVE mode is applied to the current block, determining a base motion vector of the current block, determining a correction distance and a correction direction for correction of the base motion vector, determining a motion vector of the current block by correcting the base motion vector according to the correction distance and the correction direction, and reconstructing the current block based on the motion vector of the current block.

Abstract: A method of decoding motion information according to an embodiment includes: determining a base motion vector of a current block; determining a primary differential motion vector for the current block based on information obtained from a bitstream from among one or more primary differential motion vector candidates classified according to a disparity distance and a disparity direction; and determining a motion vector of the current block by applying the primary differential motion vector to the base motion vector.

Abstract: A method of decoding motion information includes determining a coding factor value of a differential motion vector of a current block, when adaptive encoding has been applied to the differential motion vector, determining a first result value generated by applying the adaptive encoding to the differential motion vector, based on information included in the bitstream, obtaining the differential motion vector by applying the determined coding factor value to the first result value according to a certain operation, and obtaining a motion vector of the current block, based on the obtained differential motion vector and a prediction motion vector of the current block.

Abstract: A video decoding method includes determining whether an ultimate motion vector expression (UMVE) mode is allowed for an upper data unit including a current block, when the UMVE mode is allowed for the upper data unit, determining whether the UMVE mode is applied to the current block, when the UMVE mode is applied to the current block, determining a base motion vector of the current block, determining a correction distance and a correction direction for correction of the base motion vector, determining a motion vector of the current block by correcting the base motion vector according to the correction distance and the correction direction, and reconstructing the current block based on the motion vector of the current block.

Abstract: Provided is a video decoding method performed by a video decoding apparatus, the video decoding method including: determining prediction mode information of a current block and an index indicating a prediction candidate, from a bitstream; determining a prediction candidate list according to the prediction mode information; when the prediction mode information of the current block indicates a pre-set prediction mode, determining a motion vector indicated by the index indicating the prediction candidate from the prediction candidate list, and determining a prediction motion vector of the current block based on at least one of pieces of motion prediction information related to the motion vector; and determining a motion vector of the current block based on the prediction motion vector, wherein the pre-set prediction mode is a prediction mode different from a skip mode and a merge mode.

Abstract: Provided is a video decoding method performed by a video decoding apparatus, the video decoding method including: determining prediction mode information of a current block and an index indicating a prediction candidate, from a bitstream; determining a prediction candidate list according to the prediction mode information; when the prediction mode information of the current block indicates a pre-set prediction mode, determining a motion vector indicated by the index indicating the prediction candidate from the prediction candidate list, and determining a prediction motion vector of the current block based on at least one of pieces of motion prediction information related to the motion vector; and determining a motion vector of the current block based on the prediction motion vector, wherein the pre-set prediction mode is a prediction mode different from a skip mode and a merge mode.

Abstract: A method of decoding a motion vector includes: obtaining information indicating a motion vector resolution (MVR) of a current block from a bitstream; selecting one candidate block from among at least one candidate block, based on the MVR of the current block; and obtaining a motion vector of the current block corresponding to the MVR, by using a motion vector of the determined one candidate block as a prediction motion vector of the current block.

Abstract: Provided is a video decoding method performed by a video decoding apparatus, the video decoding method including: determining prediction mode information of a current block and an index indicating a prediction candidate, from a bitstream; determining a prediction candidate list according to the prediction mode information; when the prediction mode information of the current block indicates a pre-set prediction mode, determining a motion vector indicated by the index indicating the prediction candidate from the prediction candidate list, and determining a prediction motion vector of the current block based on at least one of pieces of motion prediction information related to the motion vector; and determining a motion vector of the current block based on the prediction motion vector, wherein the pre-set prediction mode is a prediction mode different from a skip mode and a merge mode.

Abstract: A motion vector encoding apparatus includes: a predictor configured to obtain motion vector predictor candidates of a plurality of predetermined motion vector resolutions by using a spatial candidate block and a temporal candidate block of a current block, and to determine motion vector predictor of the current block, a motion vector of the current block, and a motion vector resolution of the current block by using the motion vector predictor candidates; and an encoder configured to encode information representing the motion vector predictor of the current block, a residual motion vector between the motion vector of the current block and the motion vector predictor of the current block, and information representing the motion vector resolution of the current block, wherein the plurality of predetermined motion vector resolutions include a resolution of a pixel unit that is greater than a resolution of one-pel unit.

Abstract: A motion vector encoding apparatus includes: a predictor configured to obtain motion vector predictor candidates of a plurality of predetermined motion vector resolutions by using a spatial candidate block and a temporal candidate block of a current block, and to determine motion vector predictor of the current block, a motion vector of the current block, and a motion vector resolution of the current block by using the motion vector predictor candidates; and an encoder configured to encode information representing the motion vector predictor of the current block, a residual motion vector between the motion vector of the current block and the motion vector predictor of the current block, and information representing the motion vector resolution of the current block, wherein the plurality of predetermined motion vector resolutions include a resolution of a pixel unit that is greater than a resolution of one-pel unit.

Abstract: A video decoding method includes determining whether an ultimate motion vector expression (UMVE) mode is allowed for an upper data unit including a current block, when the UMVE mode is allowed for the upper data unit, determining whether the UMVE mode is applied to the current block, when the UMVE mode is applied to the current block, determining a base motion vector of the current block, determining a correction distance and a correction direction for correction of the base motion vector, determining a motion vector of the current block by correcting the base motion vector according to the correction distance and the correction direction, and reconstructing the current block based on the motion vector of the current block.

Abstract: An image encoding apparatus includes an annexed data obtainer configured to obtain annexed data that is annexed to image data and that is to be transmitted along with the image data; an annexed image data obtainer configured to convert the obtained annexed data and obtain annexed image data having a same format as that of the image data; and an encoder configured to obtain transmission image data based on the annexed image data and the image data and encode the transmission image data according to a first codec.

Abstract: A method of decoding motion information according to an embodiment includes: obtaining information indicating a disparity distance for determining a prediction motion vector of a current block; scaling the disparity distance corresponding to the obtained information, based on a comparison result between a base pixel unit and a smallest pixel unit indicatable by a motion vector of the current block; determining a prediction motion vector candidate changed by the scaled disparity distance from a base motion vector of the current block from among one or more prediction motion vector candidates as the prediction motion vector of the current block; and determining the motion vector of the current block by using the prediction motion vector.