Abstract: Provided are a video encoding method and apparatus and a video decoding method and apparatus using unified syntax for parallel processing. The video decoding method includes: obtaining a first data unit parallel processing flag indicating whether parallel processable data is included in a first data unit from a first data unit header including encoding information of the first data unit that constitutes video included in a bitstream; determining whether parallel processable data is included in the first data unit based on the first data unit parallel processing flag; and when it is determined that parallel processable data is included in the first data unit, obtaining a second data unit parallel processing flag indicating whether parallel processable data is included in a second data unit whose level is lower than a level of the first data unit from a second data unit header including encoding information of the second data unit.

Abstract: Provided are scalable video encoding and decoding methods. The scalable video encoding method includes: obtaining a peripheral pixel of an enhancement block based on a peripheral pixel of a base layer block corresponding to the enhancement layer block to be prediction-encoded, and performing intra prediction on the enhancement layer block by using at least one of a peripheral pixel of the enhancement layer block that is encoded before the enhancement layer block and then restored and a peripheral pixel of the enhancement layer block that is obtained based on a peripheral pixel of the base layer block.

Abstract: A multi-view video prediction method and a multi-view video prediction restoring method. The multi-view video prediction method includes generating a base layer image stream including residual values of I-picture base view key pictures and base view images of a base view by performing inter prediction between the base view images; and generating an enhancement layer image stream comprising residual values of additional view images of an additional view by performing inter-view prediction for predicting the additional view images with reference to the base view images, performing inter prediction for predicting a different additional view key picture with reference to an additional view key picture from among the additional view images, and performing inter prediction for predicting an additional view image other than the additional view key picture with reference to the additional view images.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding the depth map of multi-view video data are provided. The method includes splitting a block of restored multi-view color video frame into a partition based on a pixel value of the block of the prediction-encoded and restored multi-view color video frame; obtaining a parameter indicating correlation between block partitions of the multi-view color video frame and block partitions of the depth map frame using peripheral pixel values of the block partitions of the multi-view color video frame and peripheral pixel values of the block partitions of the depth map frame corresponding to the block partitions of the multi-view color video frame with respect to each of the block partitions of the restored multi-view color video frame; and obtaining prediction values of corresponding block partitions of the depth map frame from the block partitions of the restored multi-view color video frame using the obtained parameter.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encoding multi-view video data and a method and apparatus for decoding multi-view video data are provided. The method of encoding multi-view video data includes obtaining a multi-view color video frame and a depth map frame corresponding to the multi-view color video frame, prediction-encoding the multi-view color video frame, and prediction-encoding the depth map frame, based on a result of prediction-encoding the multi-view color video frame.

Abstract: Provided are methods and apparatuses for encoding and decoding a motion vector in a multi-view view image sequence. A method of encoding includes: determining a view direction motion vector of a current block by performing motion prediction on the current block with reference to a first frame having a second view that is different from a first view of the current block; determining view direction motion vector predictor candidates using a view direction motion vector of an adjacent block that refers to a reference frame having a different view from the first view, and a view direction motion vector of a corresponding region included in a second reference frame having the first view and a different picture order count than the current frame; and encoding a difference value between the view direction motion vector of the current block and a selected view direction motion vector predictor, and mode information.

Abstract: Methods for scalable video encoding and decoding for a multi-view video and apparatuses for scalable video encoding and decoding which implement the methods are provided. At least one root image and other remaining images of an image sequence of a video are classified into a plurality of layers. At least one reference image relating to a current image of the image sequence is generated by using a parent image of the current image based on a reference image conversion technique for scalable prediction encoding. Prediction encoding may be performed with respect to the current image by using the at least one reference image.

Abstract: Provided are methods and apparatuses for encoding and decoding an image by using adaptive filtering. The method of encoding an image by using adaptive filtering includes: determining a filter to be applied to a reference frame used for prediction encoding of a current block to be encoded, by adaptively changing a size and filter coefficients of the filter; filtering the reference frame by using the determined filter; prediction encoding the current block by using the filtered reference frame; and outputting data of the prediction encoded current block and information about the filter.

Abstract: Disclosed are a video encoding method and apparatus for encoding an image synthesized from at least one image, and a video decoding method and apparatus for decoding an image synthesized from at least one image. The video encoding method includes: generating a base layer bitstream by encoding first components of the at least one image; pre-filtering second components of the at least one image using a correlation between the first components and the second components; and generating an enhancement layer bitstream by encoding the pre-filtered second components with reference to the first components.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for encoding and decoding a multi-view video by encoding and decoding a current block the multi-view image using a reference frame having a view different than a view of a current frame of the current block.