Abstract: A method and an apparatus for performing inverse transform on transform coefficients of a current block are disclosed. The method comprises: decoding, from a sequence parameter set (SPS) level of a bitstream, one or more intra multiple transform selection (MTS) syntax elements that control the MTS of an intra prediction mode and one or more inter MTS syntax elements that control the MTS of an inter prediction mode; determining one or more transform kernels to be used for the inverse transform of the transform coefficients, on the basis of a prediction mode of the current block, the one or more intra MTS syntax elements, and the one or more inter MTS syntax elements; and performing the inverse transform on the transform coefficients by using the determined one or more transform kernels.

Abstract: A video decoding apparatus predicts a target block in a current picture to be decoded. The apparatus comprises a predictor configured to: determine first and second reference pictures and first and second motion vectors for bi-prediction by decoding a bitstream; generate a first reference block from the first reference picture referenced by the first motion vector and generate a second reference block from the second reference picture referenced by the second motion vector; and generate a prediction block of the target block using the first and second reference blocks. The predictor includes a first coding tool configured to generate the prediction block of the target block by performing a bi-directional optical flow process using the first and second reference blocks.

Abstract: A method and device for controlling coding tools are provided. The video decoding method includes decoding, from a high level of a bitstream, an enable flag indicating whether one or more coding tools are enabled. The coding tools includes a first coding tool that encodes sample values using luma component mapping based on a piecewise linear model. The method includes acquiring a value of an application flag depending on a value of the enable flag, by setting the application flag indicating whether to apply the coding tools to a predetermined value, or by decoding the application flag from a low level of the bitstream, the application flag including a first application flag indicating whether to apply the first coding tool. The coding tools are operated when the value of the application flag is a value indicating that the coding tools are applied.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for and a method of coding machine vision data by using prediction, and for improving the efficiency of encoding the data used for machine vision, provides an apparatus for Video Coding for Machines (VCM) which sets reference data according to a correlation between the data, generates, based on the reference data, prediction data for original data having a high correlation with the reference data, and generates residual data between the prediction data and the original data, and provides a coding method performed by the apparatus for VCM.

Abstract: A video decoding apparatus is provided for decoding pictures using inter-prediction. The video decoding apparatus includes a predictor that generates affine prediction samples for respective subblocks in a target block in a current picture to be decoded by performing affine motion prediction on a subblock-by-subblock basis using control point motion vectors which respectively correspond to corners of the target block. The predictor also modifies sample values of the affine prediction samples by executing a first coding tool, the first coding tool compensating for motion according to sample positions in each of the subblocks using the control point motion vectors.

Abstract: A coding tool is provided to improve the compression performance of inter prediction and is used at the encoder/decoder side to adjust the correction of a motion vector based on a high level syntax. In addition, a method is provided for simply performing an integer sample search step of searching for an integer offset and a fractional sample refinement step of searching for a sub-pixel offset in relation to motion vector refinement among coding tools.

Abstract: A coding tool is provided to improve the compression performance of inter prediction and is used at the encoder/decoder side to adjust the correction of a motion vector based on a high level syntax. In addition, a method is provided for simply performing an integer sample search step of searching for an integer offset and a fractional sample refinement step of searching for a sub-pixel offset in relation to motion vector refinement among coding tools.

Abstract: A coding tool is provided to improve the compression performance of inter prediction and is used at the encoder/decoder side to adjust the correction of a motion vector based on a high level syntax. In addition, a method is provided for simply performing an integer sample search step of searching for an integer offset and a fractional sample refinement step of searching for a sub-pixel offset in relation to motion vector refinement among coding tools.

Abstract: A coding tool is provided to improve the compression performance of inter prediction and is used at the encoder/decoder side to adjust the correction of a motion vector based on a high level syntax. In addition, a method is provided for simply performing an integer sample search step of searching for an integer offset and a fractional sample refinement step of searching for a sub-pixel offset in relation to motion vector refinement among coding tools.

Abstract: A video decoding apparatus is provided for decoding pictures using inter-prediction. The video decoding apparatus includes a predictor that generates affine prediction samples for respective subblocks in a target block in a current picture to be decoded by performing affine motion prediction on a subblock-by-subblock basis using control point motion vectors which respectively correspond to corners of the target block. The predictor also modifies sample values of the affine prediction samples by executing a first coding tool, the first coding tool compensating for motion according to sample positions in each of the subblocks using the control point motion vectors.

Abstract: A video decoding apparatus is provided for decoding pictures using inter-prediction. The video decoding apparatus includes a predictor that generates affine prediction samples for respective subblocks in a target block in a current picture to be decoded by performing affine motion prediction on a subblock-by-subblock basis using control point motion vectors which respectively correspond to corners of the target block. The predictor also modifies sample values of the affine prediction samples by executing a first coding tool, the first coding tool compensating for motion according to sample positions in each of the subblocks using the control point motion vectors.

Abstract: A video decoding apparatus is provided for decoding pictures using inter-prediction. The video decoding apparatus includes a predictor that generates affine prediction samples for respective subblocks in a target block in a current picture to be decoded by performing affine motion prediction on a subblock-by-subblock basis using control point motion vectors which respectively correspond to corners of the target block. The predictor also modifies sample values of the affine prediction samples by executing a first coding tool, the first coding tool compensating for motion according to sample positions in each of the subblocks using the control point motion vectors.

Abstract: A bulk-acoustic resonator module includes: a module substrate; a bulk-acoustic resonator connected to the module substrate by a connection terminal and disposed spaced apart from the module substrate; and a sealing portion sealing the bulk-acoustic resonator. The bulk-acoustic resonator includes a resonating portion disposed opposite to an upper surface of the module substrate. A space is disposed between the resonating portion and the upper surface of the module substrate.

Abstract: A method is configured to process a bitstream generated by encoding a sequence of pictures partitioned into a plurality of subpictures. The method includes steps of: decoding, from the bitstream, partitioning information indicating a partitioning structure in which the pictures belonging to the sequence are partitioned into the subpictures; decoding ID information for the subpictures and mapping an ID to each of the subpictures by using the ID information; and reconstructing blocks within at least one subpicture by using the mapped ID.

Abstract: A cooperative adaptive cruise control (CACC) system acquires a driving pattern of a target vehicle and variably provides an inter-vehicle distance and a responsible speed level of a subject vehicle that are followed by the CACC system based on the driving pattern. The CACC system includes a communication unit receiving vehicle information and road information of a region in which the subject vehicle travels; an information collection unit collecting driving information of a forward vehicle, vehicle information of the subject vehicle, and the road information; and a control unit controlling the inter-vehicle distance and the responsible speed level of the CACC system based on the driving pattern of the target vehicle according to generated control information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding a video signal are disclosed. A method for decoding a video signal includes obtaining block type information of a current block, confirming a prediction mode of the current block based on the block type information, obtaining, if the prediction mode of the current block is an intra prediction mode according to the prediction mode, at least one correlation parameter information using at least one neighboring pixel of the current block, obtaining an intra prediction value of the current block using the correlation parameter information, and reconstructing the current block using the intra prediction value of the current block.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for efficiently applying a transform skip mode to a transform block. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a video decoding apparatus determines, based on transform skip information associated with a current block, the transform skip information being decoded from a bitstream, whether a subblock for which transform is skipped and one or more subblocks to which transform is applied are included in the current block. When determining that the current block includes the subblock for which the transform is skipped and the one or more subblocks to which the transform is applied are included in the current block, the video decoding apparatus decodes a first residual subblock using a decoding procedure not involving inverse transform for the subblock for which the transform is skipped, and decodes one or more second residual subblocks using a decoding procedure involving the inverse transform for the one or more subblocks to which the transform is applied.

Abstract: Video encoding and decoding methods are configured to apply differential coding to residual signals to enhance compression performance in a transform skip mode, and methods of controlling the differential coding are configured at a high-level and at a block-level.

Abstract: Disclosed is a video encoding and decoding technology using a differential modulation technique for a residual signal in order to enhance compression performance in a transform skip mode. The differential modulation technique is applicable to both luma and chroma components as long as the chroma format is not monochrome (i.e. as long as chroma_format_idc=0 is not true).

Abstract: A coding tool is provided to improve the compression performance of inter prediction and is used at the encoder/decoder side to adjust the correction of a motion vector based on a high level syntax. In addition, a method is provided for simply performing an integer sample search step of searching for an integer offset and a fractional sample refinement step of searching for a sub-pixel offset in relation to motion vector refinement among coding tools.