Abstract: A method includes the steps of preparing a tooth mold of a rollover from a patient's mouse; scanning the tooth mold to convert it into digital data and to create a digital model; conducting operations of at least positioning, integration, and edition of the digital model to create a digital plaster mold; and converting the digital plaster mold through computer-added manufacturing (CAM) into a program for a processing machine and then processing a material with the processing machine based on the program to produce a substantial plaster mold. Accordingly, the present invention can simplify the delivery/transportation process, reduce the costs, speed up the production, and do the standardization.

Abstract: A method for automatic frequency tuning in a phase lock loop suitable for use in multi-band VCO wireless systems having very limited initial frequency lock times is disclosed. A predetermined subset of VCOs out of a larger bank of VCOs is selected to serve as interpolation points. The interpolation point VCOs are pre-calibrated with a predetermined voltage and the resultingly generated frequency for each of the interpolation point VCOs is stored into memory as a (frequency, VCO) pair, one pair for each interpolation point VCO. When a desired frequency then is given to the system, an appropriate VCO is selected by interpolation using the (frequency, VCO) pairs of the two most adjacent interpolation points for tracking and locking.

Abstract: A PLL includes a loop filter for accumulating charge to generate a loop-filter voltage and a VCO having a plurality of frequency ranges. The VCO receives the loop-filter voltage and generates an output signal having a frequency according to the loop-filter voltage and a currently selected VCO frequency range. During PLL calibration, the loop-filter is connected to a constant voltage source; the PLL feedback signal is synchronized with the reference signal; a linear search, a binary search, or a memory lookup is used to find a first and a second VCO frequency range; first and second time durations are measured for the time durations between the second rising edges of the reference signal and the PLL feedback signal for the two VCO frequency ranges, and the optimal VCO frequency range is determined by setting the VCO frequency range to be the VCO frequency range having the shortest measured time duration.

Abstract: A phase calibrating apparatus applied in a mixer includes a signal generator outputting a first signal and a second signal. The first signal has a phase differing by a phase value from the second signal. The phase calibrating apparatus is used to adjust the phase value to a predetermined value. The phase calibrating apparatus includes a multiplication unit and a comparator/controller unit. The multiplication unit has a multiplication of the first signal and the second signal to output a DC value corresponding to the phase value. The comparator/controller unit compares the DC value with a reference value and outputs a control signal. The signal generator adjusts the phase value according to the control signal until the phase value is substantially equal to the predetermined value.

Abstract: A PLL includes a loop filter for accumulating charge to generate a loop-filter voltage and a VCO having a plurality of frequency ranges. The VCO receives the loop-filter voltage and generates an output signal having a frequency according to the loop-filter voltage and a currently selected VCO frequency range. During PLL calibration, the loop-filter is connected to a constant voltage source; the PLL feedback signal is synchronized with the reference signal; a linear search, a binary search, or a memory lookup is used to find a first and a second VCO frequency range; first and second time durations are measured for the time durations between the second rising edges of the reference signal and the PLL feedback signal for the two VCO frequency ranges, and the optimal VCO frequency range is determined by setting the VCO frequency range to be the VCO frequency range having the shortest measured time duration.

Abstract: Telephones are able to exchange arbitrary messages over a public-witch telephone network. Messages are created and sent to a switch. The switch transfers the message to a called party telephone. The switch sends data indicative of the end of the message to the called party telephone. Computers can send messages to telephones over the PSTN in this manner as well. Messages can be sent whether the called party is using the called party telephone or otherwise unable to immediately answer the called party telephone.

Abstract: An apparatus for hanging curtains including a track defining a longitudinal sliding groove, a plurality of carrier slides each having a projecting block slidably inserted in the sliding groove of the track and a bottom slope with a round hole disposed outside the rack, a plurality of hooks respectively fastened to the round holes of the carrier slides, and a plurality of hanging loops respectively fastened to the curtain by stitches for hanging on the hooks.

Abstract: A multi-head electro-discharging machine, in which each head member has an independent transmission assembly; the head member can move in X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions by a guide screw rod; every head member can be adjusted independently for operation without intervening the others; every head member may be mounted with an electrode connector, and two head members can be operated simultaneously in a crossing manner; a plurality of head members are mounted along the rear side of a supporting frame of the machine, and one or more than one head members may be mounted on both ends of the supporting frame for further multi-processing operation.

Abstract: Whisker-reinforced ceramic matrix composites comprising a principal crystal phase selected from the group of anorthite, barium-stuffed cordierite, and mixed cordierite/anorthite are prepared by extrusion of extrudable ceramic batches comprising an extrusion vehicle and a solids component consisting essentially of inorganic whiskers and powdered glass, the glass being a thermally crystallizable glass containing an internal nucleant and capable of being consolidated at ambient pressures or above to a dense consolidated preform which may be converted to a substantially glass-free whisker-reinforced ceramic matrix composite by thermal treatment.

Abstract: Whisker-reinforced ceramic matrix composites comprising a principal crystal phase selected from the group of anorthite, barium-stuffed cordierite, and mixed cordierite/anorthite are prepared by extrusion of extrudable ceramic batches comprising an extrusion vehicle and a solids component consisting essentially of inorganic whiskers and powdered glass, the glass being a thermally crystallizable glass containing an internal nucleant and capable of being consolidated at ambient pressures or above to a dense consolidated preform which may be converted to a substantially glass-free whisker-reinforced ceramic matrix composite by thermal treatment.

Abstract: A method of increasing the coercivity of a magnetic device having a magnetite film reduced from alpha ferric oxide. The alpha ferric oxide film is reduced to magnetite by subjecting it to a temperature greater than 400.degree. C in a reducing atmosphere. The temperature of the film is then changed to between about 150.degree. and 300.degree. C, and the reducing atmosphere is replaced by an oxidizing atmosphere. The film is subjected to the oxidizing atmosphere while the temperature is held between 150.degree. and 300.degree. C, thus causing the magnetite film to become partially oxidized to form a solid solution of magnetite and gamma ferric oxide as represented by the formula, (1-x)Fe.sub.3 O.sub.4 .sup.. xFe.sub.2 O.sub.3, where x is between 0.49 and 0.85.

Abstract: A method of improving the magnetic properties of cobalt substituted magnetite by magnetizing the material to the saturation level in the desired direction, and then removing the magnetizing field. The material will retain a level of magnetization normally referred to as the remanent state of magnetization or simply remanence. The magnetized material is then subjected to a heat treatment to anneal the material. The above process significantly improves coercivity, hysteresis loop squareness ratio, and resistance to remanence loss due to external forces.