Abstract: Provided is a Schottky emitter having the conical end with a radius of curvature of 2.0 ?m on the emission side of an electron beam. Since a radius of curvature is 1 ?m or more, a focal length of an electron gun can be longer than in a conventional practice wherein a radius of curvature is in the range of from 0.5 ?m to not more than 0.6 ?m. The focal length was found to be roughly proportional to the radius of the curvature. Since the angular current intensity (the beam current per unit solid angle) is proportional to square of the electron gun focal length, the former can be improved by an order of magnitude within a practicable increase in the emitter radius. A higher angular current intensity means a larger beam current available from the electron gun and the invention enables the Schottky emitters to be used in applications which require relatively high beam current of microampere regime such as microfocus X-ray tube, electron probe micro-analyzer, and electron beam lithography system.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device having a first substrate, a second substrate, and liquid crystal provided between the first substrate and the second substrate includes: a plurality of scanning lines provided in the first substrate; a plurality of data lines provided in the first substrate; a plurality of switching elements provided in correspondence with intersections of the plurality of scanning lines and the plurality of data lines; a plurality of pixel electrodes connected to the plurality of switching elements; a common electrode provided in correspondence with the pixel electrodes; a control circuit that alternately supplies a first voltage and a second voltage higher than the first voltage to the common electrode; and a data line driving circuit that alternately supplies a positive-polarity image signal, of which an electric potential is higher than the first voltage, and a negative-polarity image signal, of which an electric potential is lower than the second voltage, to the plurality of data lines.

Abstract: Provided is an electro-optic device including: a first pixel circuit that is provided corresponding to a position where one scanning line and a first data line are intersect with each other; a second pixel circuit that is provided corresponding to a position where the one scanning line and a second data line are intersect with each other; a first level shift unit circuit that shifts electric potential of a first data signal so as to compress electric potential amplitude of the first data signal with a first compression rate, and supplies the signal to the first data line; and a second level shift unit circuit that shifts electric potential of a second data signal so as to compress electric potential amplitude of the second data signal with a second compression rate different from the first compression rate, and supplies the signal to the second data line.

Abstract: Provided is an electro-optic device including: a first pixel circuit that is provided corresponding to a position where one scanning line and a first data line are intersect with each other; a second pixel circuit that is provided corresponding to a position where the one scanning line and a second data line are intersect with each other; a first level shift unit circuit that shifts electric potential of a first data signal so as to compress electric potential amplitude of the first data signal with a first compression rate, and supplies the signal to the first data line; and a second level shift unit circuit that shifts electric potential of a second data signal so as to compress electric potential amplitude of the second data signal with a second compression rate different from the first compression rate, and supplies the signal to the second data line.

Abstract: An electron beam device including an electron source which generates an electron beam; three lenses for controlling the characteristics of the electron beam, including a first lens, second lens and third lens arranged in sequence from the upstream side in relation to the emission direction of the electron beam; and a beam definition aperture arranged on the second lens. The position of the second lens is adjusted such that the total lens magnification ratio obtained under maximum beam current substantially matches the ideal lens magnification ratio defined on the basis of electro-optical characteristics.

Abstract: There is provided an electro-optical apparatus which is wearable on a human body, including: a display unit that includes pixels and a drive circuit which drives the pixel; and an case that contains the display unit and includes a contact surface which comes into contact with the human body. The contact surface is arranged to have at least one space from the display unit.

Abstract: An electrooptic device has a data line, a pixel circuit and a driver circuit which drives the pixel circuit. The driver circuit has a first feeder line, a level shift circuit to be electrically coupled with the data line and a driving control circuit which provides the first feeder line with a first voltage or a second voltage and controls operations of the level shift circuit and the pixel circuit. The level shift circuit has a second holding capacitor and a switch section which switches over condition of a connection between the second holding capacitor and the first feeder line.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a first pixel circuit having a first light emitting element; a second pixel circuit having a second light emitting element arranged adjacent to the first light emitting element along a first direction; a first data line arranged along a second direction crossing the first direction, the first data line being electrically connected to the first pixel circuit; a second constant potential wiring line arranged along the second direction, the second constant potential wiring line being electrically connected to the second pixel circuit; a wiring line connected to the second constant potential wiring line. The first data line and the wiring line overlap when seen from a third direction perpendicular to the first direction and to the second direction.

Abstract: An organic EL device as a light emitting device includes: a first light emitting element that is disposed on a first surface of a substrate and that has a first pixel electrode; a second light emitting element that has a second pixel electrode; and an insulating layer that is provided with a first opening which exposes the first pixel electrode and a second opening which exposes the second pixel electrode. Further, in the organic EL device, the first opening is configured so that the insulating layer covers equal to or more than 50% of the circumferential edge portion of the first pixel electrode, and the second opening is configured so that the insulating layer covers less than 50% of the circumferential edge portion of the second pixel electrode.

Abstract: The electronic device includes a terminal structure and a printed circuit board including the terminal structure. The terminal structure includes a solder-joint conductor region placed on a wiring conductor, an intermediate layer contacting with the conductor region, and a solder region contacting with the intermediate layer. The intermediate layer includes an intermetallic compound including tin and at least one of copper and nickel as principal components. When the indentation elastic modulus of the conductor region is E1 and the indentation elastic modulus of the intermediate layer is E2, the ratio of E1 to E2 is equal to or more than 0.8 and equal to or less than 1.5.

Abstract: A pixel circuit includes a first light emitting device including a common electrode and a first opposed electrode connected to a first power supply line, and a second light emitting device including the common electrode and a second opposed electrode connected to the second power supply line. A first potential and a second potential are alternately supplied to a first power supply potential supplied to the first power supply line and a second power supply potential supplied to the second power supply line, and thus the first light emitting device and the second light emitting device alternately emit light.

Abstract: A driving circuit of an electro-optical device, a capacitance-line-driving circuit shifting voltage of a capacitance line to one voltage of two-value voltage, and the capacitance-line-driving circuit includes a unit control circuit provided correspondingly to the capacitance line at both end portions of the capacitance line, and the unit control circuit corresponding to one capacitance line includes, a latch circuit maintaining a logic level at one level for at least a period of the scanning line corresponding to the one capacitance line being selected, a switch provided between the capacitance line and a signal line supplying a capacitance signal in which the two-value voltage is switched over at a predetermined cycle, the switch being electrically connected when the logic level is one level and electrically disconnected when the logic level is the other level.

Abstract: An organic EL device as a light emitting device includes: a first light emitting element that is disposed on a first surface of a substrate and that has a first pixel electrode; a second light emitting element that has a second pixel electrode; and an insulating layer that is provided with a first opening which exposes the first pixel electrode and a second opening which exposes the second pixel electrode. Further, in the organic EL device, the first opening is configured so that the insulating layer covers equal to or more than 50% of the circumferential edge portion of the first pixel electrode, and the second opening is configured so that the insulating layer covers less than 50% of the circumferential edge portion of the second pixel electrode.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes an electro-optical panel, a display area of the electro-optical panel being surrounded by a peripheral member. The electro-optical device also includes the following elements. A light-receiving sensor receives external light. A light-shielded sensor is connected to the light-receiving sensor and is shielded from the external light received by the light-receiving sensor. The light-shielded sensor is located at a position at which it is overlapped with the peripheral member.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device, which has a plurality of pixels and switching elements provided in correspondence with the pixels, includes an element substrate, an interlayer insulating film, a first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer. The switching elements are formed in the element substrate. The interlayer insulating film is formed on the switching elements. The first electrode layer is formed on the interlayer insulating film. The second electrode layer is formed in the element substrate and overlaps the first electrode in plan view through an interelectrode insulating film. Each of the pixels includes a first region and a second region. The first electrode layer overlaps the second electrode layer in plan view in the first region. Of the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, only the first electrode layer is formed in the second region. The thickness of the second electrode layer is smaller than the thickness of the first electrode layer.

Abstract: Provided is an electro-optic device including: a first pixel circuit that is provided corresponding to a position where one scanning line and a first data line are intersect with each other; a second pixel circuit that is provided corresponding to a position where the one scanning line and a second data line are intersect with each other; a first level shift unit circuit that shifts electric potential of a first data signal so as to compress electric potential amplitude of the first data signal with a first compression rate, and supplies the signal to the first data line; and a second level shift unit circuit that shifts electric potential of a second data signal so as to compress electric potential amplitude of the second data signal with a second compression rate different from the first compression rate, and supplies the signal to the second data line.

Abstract: A decoder is disclosed. A video decoder extracts, when receiving a video stream, video output time information attached to each video frame. Thereafter, a difference value calculator calculates a difference value between an occurrence time of a synchronizing signal and the video output time information. Further, an audio output time corrector corrects, using the difference value, audio output time information attached to each audio frame. Then, a video source outputs video represented by a video frame in synchronization with a synchronizing signal. An audio source outputs, when a value of reference time information and a corrected value of the audio output time information are synchronized, audio represented by an audio frame with the synchronized audio output time information.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to enable a real-time distribution even if the band of a network varies. A distributing apparatus receives a packet retransmission request or a packet restoration notification, which is transmitted from a receiving apparatus, with an error information receiving unit. If the number of received retransmission requests or that of restoration notifications becomes equal to or larger than a certain value, a distribution band controlling unit decreases a band used to distribute a packet by a certain band.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device including a plurality of scanning lines, a plurality of data lines, a plurality of pixel electrodes, a capacitor electrode, a control circuit, a scanning line driving circuit, and a data line driving circuit.

Abstract: An image transmitting apparatus includes input terminals, first frame buffers corresponding to the input terminals, a write controlling portion, a read clock generating portion, a read controlling portion, an image compressing portion, and an image transmitting portion. The image transmitting apparatus inputs data on digital frame images of one frame captured with video cameras and synchronous signals synchronized with the data on the digital frame images, respectively, within a predetermined period of time; processes the data including multiplexing and compressing the data; and outputs the data on the digital frame images encoded by the image compressing portion.