Abstract: Provided is an information processing system including: a condition acquisition unit that acquires constraint information on an action and candidate information for each of a plurality of candidates targeted for the action; a reward function estimation unit that estimates a reward function used for calculating a reward in accordance with the action for each of the plurality of candidates based on the constraint information and the candidate information; and an action determination unit that determines a content of the action based on the reward function for each of the plurality of candidates.

Abstract: A learning unit 81 generates a plurality of sample groups from samples to be used for learning, and generates a plurality of prediction models while inhibiting overlapping of a sample group to be used for learning among the generated sample groups. An optimization unit 82 generates an objective function based on an explained variable predicted by the prediction model and based on a constraint condition for optimization, and optimizes a generated objective function. An evaluation unit 83 evaluates an optimization result by using a sample group that has not been used in learning of a prediction model used for generating an objective function targeted for the optimization.

Abstract: A measure determination system 80 determines a measure when an observed effect of the measure changes with time. An optimization unit 81 optimizes, based on the observed effect, an implementation ratio of the measure in such a manner as to maximize the effect to be multiplicatively accumulated. A reliability calculation unit 82 calculates, based on the optimized implementation ratio and the observed effect, reliability of each measure. A measure determination unit 83 determines a measure with higher reliability. An observation unit 84 observes an effect of the determined measure. The optimization unit 81 updates a past implementation ratio based on the observed effect, and the reliability calculation unit 82 updates the reliability of each measure based on the updated implementation ratio.

Abstract: A learning unit 81 generates a plurality of sample groups from samples used for learning, each of the sample groups containing at least one of samples not contained in the other sample groups, and generates a plurality of prediction models using each of the generated sample groups. An optimization unit 82 generates objective functions, represented by the sum of a plurality of functions, on the basis of explained variables predicted by the prediction models and constraints for optimization, and optimizes the generated objective functions. An evaluation unit 83 evaluates a result of the optimization for each of the objective functions.

Abstract: An evaluation system 80 includes an evaluation unit 81 for evaluating, when there is a prediction model estimated using data generated from the true model, the optimal solution calculated from the prediction model in consideration of bias generated between evaluation based on the prediction model and evaluation based on the true model.

Abstract: An accepting unit 81 accepts an optimization problem that can be formulated as BQP represented by zTAz+bTz by use of an n×n square matrix A and an n-dimensional vector b. A condition storage unit 82 stores characteristic conditions representing characteristics of a positive weighted directed graph. An optimization unit 83 transforms the optimization problem based on the characteristic conditions, and solves the accepted optimization problem by solving the transformed problem as a minimum cut problem of a network flow.

Abstract: Provided is an information processing system which perform suitable optimization even if there are input data not observed in mathematical optimization. A learning unit 71 learns a predictive model on the basis of an explained variable and explanatory variables, the predictive model representing a relationship between explained variable and explanatory variables and being expressed by a function of the explanatory variables. A visualization unit 72 visualizes the predictive model. When receiving the operation from the user, an optimization unit 73 calculates an objective variable optimizing an objective function under constraints, the objective function using, as an argument, a predictive model visualized by the visualization unit 72.

Abstract: A solid-state laser system may include: a solid-state laser unit configured to output first pulsed laser light with a first wavelength and second pulsed laser light with a second wavelength; a first solid-state amplifier configured to receive the first pulsed laser light, and output third pulsed laser light with the first wavelength; a wavelength converter configured to receive the third pulsed laser light, and output harmonic light with a third wavelength; a second solid-state amplifier configured to receive the second pulsed laser light, and output fourth pulsed laser light with the second wavelength; a Raman laser unit configured to receive the fourth pulsed laser light, and output Stokes light with a fourth wavelength; and a wavelength conversion system configured to receive the harmonic light and the Stokes light, and output fifth pulsed laser light with a fifth wavelength converted in wavelength from the third wavelength and the fourth wavelength.

Abstract: A model input unit 84 receives a linear regression model represented by a function having an objective variable as an explanatory variable. A candidate point input unit 85 receives, for the objective variable included in the linear regression model, at least one candidate point which is a discrete candidate for a possible value of the objective variable. An optimization unit 86 calculates the objective variable that optimizes an objective function having the linear regression model as an argument.

Abstract: A solid-state laser system may include: a solid-state laser unit configured to output first pulsed laser light with a first wavelength and second pulsed laser light with a second wavelength; a first solid-state amplifier configured to receive the first pulsed laser light, and output third pulsed laser light with the first wavelength; a wavelength converter configured to receive the third pulsed laser light, and output harmonic light with a third wavelength; a second solid-state amplifier configured to receive the second pulsed laser light, and output fourth pulsed laser light with the second wavelength; a Raman laser unit configured to receive the fourth pulsed laser light, and output Stokes light with a fourth wavelength; and a wavelength conversion system configured to receive the harmonic light and the Stokes light, and output fifth pulsed laser light with a fifth wavelength converted in wavelength from the third wavelength and the fourth wavelength.

Abstract: A thermoplastic resin composition of the invention contains a cellulose-containing solid material obtained after heat treatment of a botanical biomass as a raw material in a mixed solvent of water and at least one alcohol selected from aliphatic alcohols having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, and a thermoplastic resin. Accordingly, a thermoplastic resin composition can be provided, which, as compared with a case of incorporating conventional cellulose nanofibers or lignocellulose nanofibers in a resin composition, simplifies the production step, improves miscibility with a thermoplastic resin and improves thermal stability.

Abstract: An amplifier may include a chamber, and first and second mirrors. The chamber may include a pair of discharge electrodes opposed to each other in a first direction, a laser exciting medium, an input window allowing seed light to pass therethrough into the chamber, and an output window allowing amplified laser light to pass therethrough to outside in a second direction intersecting with the first direction. The first and second mirrors may each include a reflection region, and be opposed to each other in a third direction intersecting with the first direction with the pair of discharge electrodes in between. A projected image of the reflection region of the first mirror in the second direction and a projected image of the reflection region of the second mirror in the second direction may provide a gap of a size equal to or greater than zero in between.

Abstract: A solid-state laser apparatus may include a first oscillator, a laser light generator, and a plurality of stages of fiber amplifiers. The first oscillator may be configured to output seed light. The laser light generator may be configured to output a pulsed laser light beam generated on a basis of the seed light. The plurality of stages of fiber amplifiers may be disposed in series in an optical path of the pulsed laser light beam, and may include a final stage fiber amplifier. The final stage fiber amplifier may be located in a final stage in the plurality of stages of fiber amplifiers, and may include a silica fiber doped with erbium and ytterbium. A value as a result of division of a cross-sectional area of the silica fiber by a fiber length of the silica fiber may be in a range from 0.7 nm to 1.64 nm both inclusive.

Abstract: A motorcycle wherein only air can be communicated between the inside and the outside of a gear case without increasing the size of the gear case. A gear case includes a gear case body and a gear case cover. The gear case body includes a breather chamber of a labyrinth structure which continues in a circumferential direction of a rear wheel and extends in an upward and downward direction. An upper end of the breather chamber is in communication with a breather path and is open to atmospheric air while a lower end of the breather chamber is in communication with a gear chamber through a slit extending in a widthwise direction of the rear wheel.

Abstract: A brake caliper arrangement structure for a saddled vehicle, wherein a brake caliper for braking and a brake caliper for parking are provided on a swing arm. At least one or other of the brake caliper for braking and the brake caliper for parking is arranged in front of a rear axle being the axle of the rear wheel, when viewed from a side, at a position on a vehicle widthwise inside of the swing arm and overlapping the swing arm.

Abstract: A brake caliper includes: a caliper body which slidably houses a mechanically operated piston which presses a brake disc; a rotation cylinder member which is arranged alongside the mechanically operated piston, coaxially with the mechanically operated piston, and which is rotatably supported on the caliper body; a rotation arm which is fixed to the rotation cylinder member, and which rotates the rotation cylinder member by means of an operation of an operating element; a conversion mechanism which is provided between the rotation cylinder member and the mechanically operated piston, and which converts rotary motion of the rotation cylinder member into axial linear motion of the mechanically operated piston to thereby press and move the mechanically operated piston toward the brake disc side; and a return spring which biases the mechanically operated piston in a direction of moving away from the brake disc.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a method for detecting an oxidation/reduction reaction of a molecule in a lipophilic portion and visualizing the reaction. This is a method for detecting an oxidation/reduction reaction of a molecule that undergoes a free-radical reaction in a lipid environment, the method including: a step in which a magnetic resonance method is applied to a living body or sample to be examined and a proton image of the molecule that undergoes a free-radical reaction in a lipid environment is thereby obtained; and a step in which the proton image is examined for the image intensity of the living body or sample.

Abstract: A silica formulation comprising cashew nut shell liquid, anacardic acid, cardol, or cardanol, and silica particles, wherein the silica particles have adsorbed therein the cashew nut shell liquid, the anacardic acid, the cardol, or the cardanol, and wherein the silica particles have an average particle diameter of 150 ?m or more.

Abstract: A brake caliper arrangement structure for a saddled vehicle, wherein a brake caliper for braking and a brake caliper for parking are provided on a swing arm. At least one or other of the brake caliper for braking and the brake caliper for parking is arranged in front of a rear axle being the axle of the rear wheel, when viewed from a side, at a position on a vehicle widthwise inside of the swing arm and overlapping the swing arm.

Abstract: A brake caliper includes: a caliper body which slidably houses a mechanically operated piston which presses a brake disc; a rotation cylinder member which is arranged alongside the mechanically operated piston, coaxially with the mechanically operated piston, and which is rotatably supported on the caliper body; a rotation arm which is fixed to the rotation cylinder member, and which rotates the rotation cylinder member by means of an operation of an operating element; a conversion mechanism which is provided between the rotation cylinder member and the mechanically operated piston, and which converts rotary motion of the rotation cylinder member into axial linear motion of the mechanically operated piston to thereby press and move the mechanically operated piston toward the brake disc side; and a return spring which biases the mechanically operated piston in a direction of moving away from the brake disc.