Abstract: A quantum cascade laser includes light-emitting quantum well layers configured to emit infrared laser light by an intersubband transition; and injection quantum well layers configured to relax carrier energy. The light-emitting quantum well layers and the injection quantum well layers are stacked alternately. The injection quantum well layers relax the energy of carriers injected from the light-emitting quantum well layers, respectively. The light-emitting quantum well layers and the injection quantum well layers including barrier layers. At least one barrier layer includes first and second regions of a first ternary compound semiconductor, and a binary compound semiconductor thin film. The binary compound semiconductor thin film is provided between the first and second regions. The first ternary compound semiconductor includes Group III atoms and a Group V atom. The binary compound semiconductor thin film includes one Group III atom of the first ternary compound semiconductor and the Group V atom.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a surface emitting quantum cascade laser includes: a first surface that emits laser light; a second surface opposite to the first surface; an active layer provided between the first surface and the second surface; a photonic crystal provided between the active layer and the first surface or between the active layer and the second surface, the photonic crystal having a predetermined periodicity; a first electrode located on the first surface outside a region where the laser light is emitted; a second electrode provided on the second surface, the photonic crystal being located between the first surface and the second electrode; and a third electrode provided on the second surface and separated from the second electrode, the active layer extending between the first surface and the second electrode and between the first surface and the third electrode.

Abstract: The present invention controls liquid shaking during transportation while maintaining high-precision with respect to the stopping position of a specimen at the time of device start-up.

Abstract: A card medium includes: a card body containing a metal material and having at least one aperture at a front surface thereof; an electronic component disposed in the at least one aperture and having an outer peripheral surface facing an aperture inner peripheral surface of the at least one aperture with a clearance from the aperture inner peripheral surface, at least part of the outer peripheral surface including a conductor exposed portion at which a conductor having conductive properties is exposed; a circuit substrate which is embedded into the card body and to which the electronic component is joined; and an electrical insulation portion provided between the electronic component and the aperture inner peripheral surface.

Abstract: A card-type medium includes: a card body; an internal component embedded in the card body; an exposed component partially exposed on a front surface of the card body; and a circuit board to which the internal component and the exposed component are bonded, wherein the circuit board includes a first connection portion to which the internal component is bonded, a second connection portion to which the exposed component is bonded, the second connection portion being located at a position different from the first connection portion in a card thickness direction connecting the front surface of the card body and a rear surface on an opposite side of the card body to the front surface, and a connection wiring portion that connects the first connection portion and the second connection portion, the connection wiring portion extending in a direction including the card thickness direction.

Abstract: A work machine includes a relief valve that is installed in a hydraulic line that forms a closed circuit between a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic motor, and sets a relief pressure of the hydraulic line; a braking device that brakes a traveling device attached to the hydraulic motor; and an operation mechanism that operates the braking device. When a traveling speed of the traveling device is equal to or more than a predetermined threshold, the relief pressure is changed from a first pressure that is a pressure before a braking operation is performed by the operation mechanism to a second pressure that is lower than the first pressure.

Abstract: A method of controlling a work vehicle including a steering cylinder operating a steering wheel by hydraulic oil supplied thereto, a steering member receiving an input for operating the steering wheel, and a steering valve unit which is connected to the steering member and supplies the hydraulic oil to the steering cylinder, the method includes: obtaining a speed of the work vehicle and a steering angle of the steering wheel; and decreasing a correction factor for correcting a deviation amount of actual steering angle information of the steering wheel with respect to target information as information on a target steering angle of the steering wheel with respect to an operation amount of the steering member when the speed of the work vehicle increases in a case where the steering angle of the steering wheel obtained based on the steering angle is in a predetermined range from a neutral position.

Abstract: A forklift equipped with a variable displacement traveling hydraulic pump driven by an engine, a hydraulic motor that forms a closed circuit with the traveling hydraulic pump therebetween and is driven by hydraulic oil discharged from the traveling hydraulic pump, and driving wheels driven by the hydraulic motor, when an accelerator opening detected by an accelerator opening sensor is reduced, the accelerator opening detected by the accelerator opening sensor and a target maximum absorption torque of the traveling hydraulic pump are given to a table on which a setting value calculated in advance depending on the accelerator opening, and the target maximum absorption torque of the traveling hydraulic pump or a vehicle speed of the forklift is described to calculate the setting value, and the accelerator opening detected by the accelerator opening sensor is corrected using the obtained setting value to calculate a corrected accelerator opening.

Abstract: A work vehicle obtains determination information from information upon detecting inverting operation, the information upon detecting inverting operation indicating a traveling state of the work vehicle when an advancing direction detection device detects an inverting operation of an advancing direction switching device for inverting an advancing direction of the work vehicle while the work vehicle travels; decreases a first traveling instruction for allowing the work vehicle to travel in the advancing direction of the work vehicle upon the detection of the inverting operation, and increases a second traveling instruction for allowing the work vehicle to travel in the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the work vehicle upon the detection of the inverting operation, after detecting the inverting operation; and sets the first traveling instruction to 0 when speed information indicating a traveling state of the work vehicle becomes the determination information.

Abstract: A forklift includes a hydraulic pump being a variable displacement pump driven by an engine, a hydraulic motor driven with fluid from the pump, a storage storing first and second groups, and a predetermined lift pressure setting value, the first group including output characteristics each representing relation between a rotational speed of the engine and a torque of the engine for each lift pressures, the second group including output characteristics each representing relation between the rotational speed and the torque for each pump pressures, and determining a greater one of first and second torques as a target torque of the engine, the first torque being calculated from one selected from the first group using the lift pressure setting value or an actual lift pressure and the rotational speed, the second torque being calculated from one selected from the second group using the pump pressure and the rotational speed.

Abstract: A forklift includes a variable displacement hydraulic pump driven by an engine, a hydraulic motor that forms a closed circuit with the hydraulic pump therebetween and is driven by hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump, and driving wheels driven by the hydraulic motor. A control device of the forklift determines a rate of increase of an inching rate, based on at least one of an accelerator opening, a brake opening indicating an operation amount of a brake pedal, a change speed of the brake opening, and a vehicle speed detected by a vehicle speed sensor.

Abstract: A work vehicle includes an accelerator operation amount generator receiving an actual accelerator operation amount of an accelerator operator to generate a control accelerator operation amount; an engine controller controlling the engine according to the control accelerator operation amount; and a storage storing a table in which an increasing speed for the control accelerator operation amount is set, wherein the accelerator operation amount generator obtains a difference between a converted accelerator operation amount of the accelerator operator converted from a rotating speed of the engine in a current control cycle and a control accelerator operation amount obtained in the last control cycle, determines an increasing speed of the control accelerator operation amount from the difference by referring to the table, and changes the control accelerator operation amount to an actual operation amount in the current control cycle with the determined increasing speed.

Abstract: A control device includes a target vehicle speed converter converting a first accelerator opening detected by an accelerator opening sensor into a target vehicle speed, an accelerator opening target value setting unit calculating a second accelerator opening by feedback control so that a deviation between the target vehicle speed and an actual vehicle speed becomes zero, an addition unit adding the first and second accelerator openings to obtain a third accelerator opening, a first maximum absorption torque calculator calculating a first maximum absorption torque of a traveling hydraulic pump based on the third accelerator opening, a second maximum absorption torque calculator calculating a second maximum absorption torque of the traveling hydraulic pump based on a rotational speed of the engine, and an HST pump electromagnetic proportional control output current converter converting a smaller one of the first and second maximum absorption torques into a target absorption torque.

Abstract: A work vehicle includes a variable displacement hydraulic pump driven by an engine, a hydraulic motor forming a closed circuit with the pump and driven by hydraulic fluid discharged from the pump, wheels driven by the motor to allow the work vehicle to travel, a selector detecting an operating state of a switch switching the traveling of the work vehicle between forward and backward, and a controller. When the selector detects a reversal operation of the switch to reverse the traveling direction when the work vehicle travels, the controller sets relationship between the vehicle speed of the work vehicle and the upper limit of the rotational speed of the engine such that the upper limit increases as the absolute value of the vehicle speed approaches zero. The controller obtains an upper limit of the rotational speed from the relationship and a vehicle speed of the work vehicle.

Abstract: A control device includes a target vehicle speed converter converting a first accelerator opening detected by an accelerator opening sensor into a target vehicle speed, an accelerator opening target value setting unit calculating a second accelerator opening by feedback control so that a deviation between the target vehicle speed and an actual vehicle speed becomes zero, an addition unit adding the first and second accelerator openings to obtain a third accelerator opening, a first maximum absorption torque calculator calculating a first maximum absorption torque of a traveling hydraulic pump based on the third accelerator opening, a second maximum absorption torque calculator calculating a second maximum absorption torque of the traveling hydraulic pump based on a rotational speed of the engine, and an HST pump electromagnetic proportional control output current converter converting a smaller one of the first and second maximum absorption torques into a target absorption torque.

Abstract: A forklift equipped with a variable displacement traveling hydraulic pump driven by an engine, a hydraulic motor that forms a closed circuit with the traveling hydraulic pump therebetween and is driven by hydraulic oil discharged from the traveling hydraulic pump, and driving wheels driven by the hydraulic motor, when an accelerator opening detected by an accelerator opening sensor is reduced, the accelerator opening detected by the accelerator opening sensor and a target maximum absorption torque of the traveling hydraulic pump are given to a table on which a setting value calculated in advance depending on the accelerator opening, and the target maximum absorption torque of the traveling hydraulic pump or a vehicle speed of the forklift is described to calculate the setting value, and the accelerator opening detected by the accelerator opening sensor is corrected using the obtained setting value to calculate a corrected accelerator opening.

Abstract: A forklift includes a variable displacement traveling hydraulic pump driven by an engine, a hydraulic motor that forms a closed circuit with the traveling hydraulic pump therebetween and is driven by hydraulic oil discharged from the traveling hydraulic pump, and driving wheels driven by the hydraulic motor. A control device of the forklift determines an increase speed of an inching rate, based on at least one of an accelerator opening, a brake opening indicating an operation amount of a brake pedal, a change speed of the brake opening, and a vehicle speed detected by a vehicle speed sensor.

Abstract: An engine-powered forklift truck including a work device which is hydraulically driven by an oil hydraulic pump whose driving source is an engine, and including a load handling interlock mechanism which brings a work device operation into a locked state by turning a key switch off or turning a seat switch off, includes: a release control apparatus configured to, when the locked state exists, release the locked state on condition that the key switch is ON, the seat switch is ON, and the engine is rotated under a predetermined engine speed or more.

Abstract: A work vehicle obtains determination information from information upon detecting inverting operation, the information upon detecting inverting operation indicating a traveling state of the work vehicle when an advancing direction detection device detects an inverting operation of an advancing direction switching device for inverting an advancing direction of the work vehicle while the work vehicle travels; decreases a first traveling instruction for allowing the work vehicle to travel in the advancing direction of the work vehicle upon the detection of the inverting operation, and increases a second traveling instruction for allowing the work vehicle to travel in the direction opposite to the advancing direction of the work vehicle upon the detection of the inverting operation, after detecting the inverting operation; and sets the first traveling instruction to 0 when speed information indicating a traveling state of the work vehicle becomes the determination information.

Abstract: A forklift includes a hydraulic pump being a variable displacement pump driven by an engine, a hydraulic motor driven with fluid from the pump, a storage storing first and second groups, and a predetermined lift pressure setting value, the first group including output characteristics each representing a relation between a rotational speed of the engine and a torque of the engine for each lift pressures, the second group including output characteristics each representing a relation between the rotational speed and the torque for each pump pressures, and determining a greater one of first and second torques as a target torque of the engine, the first torque being calculated from one selected from the first group using the lift pressure setting value or an actual lift pressure and the rotational speed, the second torque being calculated from one selected from the second group using the pump pressure and the rotational speed