Abstract: An object is to provide a compound semiconductor substrate and a surface-treatment method thereof, in which, even after the treated substrate is stored for a long period of time, resistance-value defects do not occur. Even when the compound semiconductor substrate is stored for a long period of time and an epitaxial film is then formed thereon, electrical-characteristic defects do not occur. The semiconductor substrate according to the present invention is a compound semiconductor substrate at least one major surface of which is mirror-polished, the mirror-polished surface being covered with an organic substance containing hydrogen (H), carbon (C), and oxygen (O) and alternatively a compound semiconductor substrate at least one major surface of which is mirror-finished, wherein a silicon (Si) peak concentration at an interface between an epitaxial film grown at a growth temperature of 550° C. and the compound semiconductor substrate is 2×1017 cm?3 or less.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system of an electric car has an air-conditioning unit which is configured to perform air-conditioning in a passenger compartment by heater/cooler operation, a setting panel configured to set a target temperature of the passenger compartment, and a control unit which is connected to the air-conditioning unit and setting panel, and has different control of heater operation of the air-conditioning unit, wherein the control unit is configured to select controls of heater operation based on a vehicle speed v.

Abstract: According to the method and apparatus of the present invention, when a non-flash image that is taken without a flash emitted before main photographing and a flash image that is taken with the flash pre-emitted before the main photographing are obtained so that an amount of flash emission light for the main photographing (amount of main emission) based on the obtained non-flash image and flash image, a moving body in the angle of view is detected. If the detected moving body is a main object, the amount of main emission is calculated based on the image of the moving body. If the detected moving body is not the main object, the amount of main emission is calculated based on the image other than the moving body.

Abstract: Whether purple fringing (PF) has occurred is determined for every pixel of interest P(i,j) (step 41). The RGB ratio of a purple-fringed pixel P(i,j) at which PF has been determined and the RGB ratio of a PF convergence pixel P(m,n) spaced N pixels away from the purple-fringed pixel P(i,j) within a zone in the proximity of the purple-fringed pixel P(i,j) are calculated (steps 42, 43). A correction coefficient Rev (i,j) that causes the RGB ratio of the purple-fringed pixel P(i,j) to approach the RGB ratio of the PF convergence pixel P(m,n) is calculated (step 44). The purple-fringed pixel P(i,j) is color-corrected using the correction coefficient Rev (i,j) calculated. Purple fringing is made inconspicuous by changing the color of image portions at which purple fringing has occurred.

Abstract: Another information processing apparatus in a communicable range of a short-distance wireless communication is repeatedly searched for, wireless communication is automatically established therewith, data is automatically transmitted to the other information processing apparatus with which the wireless communication has been established, and data transmitted from the other information processing apparatus is automatically received. Then, based on an operation by a user, evaluation data is generated which indicates an evaluation by the user with respect to the data content indicated by the received data. Further, the transmission source of the data which has become a target of the evaluation indicated by the evaluation data is specified and the generated evaluation data is transmitted to the transmission source.

Abstract: Another information processing apparatus in a communicable range of a short-distance wireless communication is repeatedly searched for, and wireless communication is automatically established therewith, first data is automatically transmitted to the other information processing apparatus with which the wireless communication has been established, and first data transmitted from the other information processing apparatus is automatically received by means of the short-distance wireless communication. Further, transmission of second data is permitted which is different from first data to the other information processing apparatus with which the transmission/reception of the first data has been performed before.

Abstract: Whether purple fringing (PF) has occurred is determined for every pixel of interest P(i,j) (step 41). The RGB ratio of a purple-fringed pixel P(i,j) at which PF has been determined and the RGB ratio of a PF convergence pixel P(m,n) spaced N pixels away from the purple-fringed pixel P(i,j) within a zone in the proximity of the purple-fringed pixel P(i,j) are calculated (steps 42, 43). A correction coefficient Rev (i,j) that causes the RGB ratio of the purple-fringed pixel P(i,j) to approach the RGB ratio of the PF convergence pixel P(m,n) is calculated (step 44). The purple-fringed pixel P(i,j) is color-corrected using the correction coefficient Rev (i,j) calculated. Purple fringing is made inconspicuous by changing the color of image portions at which purple fringing has occurred.

Abstract: When an image of a marker existing in a real space is taken by using an outer camera, an image of a plurality of virtual characters which is taken by a virtual camera is displayed on an upper LCD so as to be superimposed on a taken real image of the real space. The virtual characters are located in a marker coordinate system based on the marker, and when a button operation is performed by a user on a game apparatus, the position and the orientation of each virtual character are changed. Then, when a button operation indicating a photographing instruction is provided by the user, an image being displayed is stored in a storage means.

Abstract: A game apparatus automatically receives piece information from another game apparatus by short-range wireless communication. The game apparatus obtains step count data based on an amount of movement of the game apparatus (i.e., a step count of a user of the game apparatus). The game apparatus uses piece information obtained by the short-range wireless communication, thereby performing a predetermined process of an application (i.e., a process of incorporating a piece image into a collection image), or uses step count data (i.e., an owned coin count resulting from conversion of the step count data) instead of piece information obtained by the short-range wireless communication, thereby performing the predetermined process of the application (i.e., the process of incorporating a piece image into a collection image).

Abstract: A normal AWB (auto white balance) correction value is calculated based on inputted image data. Further, a face area is identified from the inputted image data and a face AWB correction value is calculated based on image data in the face area. Then, first feature data and second feature data are extracted from the inputted image data and image data in the face area, respectively. A total AWB correction value is calculated in accordance with at least one of the face AWB correction value and the normal AWB correction value based on a comparison result of the first feature data and the second feature data. Thus, an erroneous correction can be prevented in an AWB correction using a face detection function.

Abstract: A normal AWB (auto white balance) correction value is calculated based on inputted image data. Further, a face area is identified from the inputted image data and a face AWB correction value is calculated based on image data in the face area. Then, first feature data and second feature data are extracted from the inputted image data and image data in the face area, respectively. A total AWB correction value is calculated in accordance with at least one of the face AWB correction value and the normal AWB correction value based on a comparison result of the first feature data and the second feature data. Thus, an erroneous correction can be prevented in an AWB correction using a face detection function.

Abstract: Two photography operations are performed without emitting flash during a second photography operation, to obtain image signals P1 and P2. A flash influence signal value F1 is calculated in image signal P1. A flash influence signal value F2, which is the amount of influence due to flash in the case that flash was emitted during the second photography operation, is calculated based on the differences between the imaging conditions of the first photography operation and the second photography operation and the flash influence signal value F1. An image signal P2?, which is an image signal which is estimated to be obtained in the case that flash was emitted during the second photography operation, is obtained by adding flash influence signal value F2 to image signal P2 obtained by the second photography operation. A dynamic range expanded image signal Pc is calculated based on image signal P1 and image signal P2?.

Abstract: The present invention provides a white balance correcting method and image-pickup apparatus which are able to perform white balance correction on a main subject even if mixed light of flash light and ambient light is radiated on the main subject, as the method and the apparatus are adapted to correctly predict the amount of flash reached, which is the amount of light reached a main subject in the main emission, for performing white balance correction according to the predicted amount of light reached.

Abstract: An air-conditioning system of an electric car has an air-conditioning unit which is configured to perform air-conditioning in a passenger compartment by heater/cooler operation, a setting panel configured to set a target temperature of the passenger compartment, and a control unit which is connected to the air-conditioning unit and setting panel, and has different control of heater operation of the air-conditioning unit, wherein the control unit is configured to select controls of heater operation based on a vehicle speed v.

Abstract: Two photography operations are performed without emitting flash during a second photography operation, to obtain image signals P1 and P2. A flash influence signal value F1 is calculated in image signal P1. A flash influence signal value F2, which is the amount of influence due to flash in the case that flash was emitted during the second photography operation, is calculated based on the differences between the imaging conditions of the first photography operation and the second photography operation and the flash influence signal value F1. An image signal P2?, which is an image signal which is estimated to be obtained in the case that flash was emitted during the second photography operation, is obtained by adding flash influence signal value F2 to image signal P2 obtained by the second photography operation. A dynamic range expanded image signal Pc is calculated based on image signal P1 and image signal P2?.

Abstract: According to the method and apparatus of the present invention, when a non-flash image that is taken without a flash emitted before main photographing and a flash image that is taken with the flash pre-emitted before the main photographing are obtained so that an amount of flash emission light for the main photographing (amount of main emission) based on the obtained non-flash image and flash image, a moving body in the angle of view is detected. If the detected moving body is a main object, the amount of main emission is calculated based on the image of the moving body. If the detected moving body is not the main object, the amount of main emission is calculated based on the image other than the moving body.

Abstract: The plasma display panel of the present invention is a PDP in consideration of environmental problem, capable of achieving a high reliability in high definition display, and further advanced in yield and productivity. The plasma display panel of the present invention is a plasma display panel manufactured by disposing a pair of substrates face to face having a dielectric layer at least at one side, and sealing the surrounding with a sealing member, in which the expansion coefficient of the pair of substrates is 60×10?7 to 75×10?7/° C., and the expansion coefficient of the sealing member is 45×10?7 to 63×10?7/° C.

Abstract: A normal AWB (auto white balance) correction value is calculated based on inputted image data. Further, a face area is identified from the inputted image data and a face AWB correction value is calculated based on image data in the face area. Then, first feature data and second feature data are extracted from the inputted image data and image data in the face area, respectively. A total AWB correction value is calculated in accordance with at least one of the face AWB correction value and the normal AWB correction value based on a comparison result of the first feature data and the second feature data. Thus, an erroneous correction can be prevented in an AWB correction using a face detection function.

Abstract: The present invention provides a white balance correcting method and image-pickup apparatus which are able to perform white balance correction on a main subject even if mixed light of flash light and ambient light is radiated on the main subject, as the method and the apparatus are adapted to correctly predict the amount of flash reached, which is the amount of light reached a main subject in the main emission, for performing white balance correction according to the predicted amount of light reached.

Abstract: An electrode plate, a method of manufacturing the same, a gas discharge panel using an electrode plate, and a method of manufacturing the same are provided by incorporating a relatively simple structure, which can keep electrodes formed on a plate from peeling or becoming misaligned. In the electrode plate, at least one electrode is formed and adhered to a main surface of a plate by a thick film or thin film formation method, wherein of all ends of the electrode, at least an end opposite to an end at a power supply point is adhered to the main surface of the plate with stronger adhesion than the other parts of the electrode.