Abstract: Even though a pump head part is finally fixed to a pump body with a fixing member, the pump head part is movable relative to the pump body perpendicular to the axial direction of a plunger at a stage before the pump head part is fixed with the fixing member. In this state, if a plunger driving part is moved to a predetermined location on the front end side of the pump body and the pump head part and the plunger driving part are fitted to each other, the pump head part is positioned where the center axis of the plunger and the center axis of the pump chamber are substantially aligned. By fixing the pump head part to the pump body with the fixing member at this location, it is possible to assemble a plunger pump with the center axis of the plunger and the center axis substantially aligned.

Abstract: A liquid sending failure detector acquires periodically a liquid sending pressure of a liquid sending mechanism consecutively sends liquid using at least one plunger pump that sends liquid by reciprocally driving a plunger such that a fluctuation is read in one driving period of the liquid sending mechanism, and detect a liquid sending failure of the liquid sending mechanism using an acquired liquid sending pressure. The liquid sending failure detector executes a pulsation detection step of obtaining a fluctuation range of the liquid sending pressure in a certain driving period of the liquid sending mechanism and detecting pulsation on a condition that a count of consecutive periods in which the fluctuation range exceeds a predetermined reference value exceeds a predetermined reference count, and a liquid sending failure detection step of detecting a liquid sending failure of the liquid sending mechanism when the pulsation is detected in the pulsation detection step.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating film that coats the substrate, wherein the coating film includes a hard coating layer constituted of a domain region and a matrix region, the domain region is a region having a plurality of portions divided and distributed in the matrix region, the domain region has a structure in which a first layer composed of a first Alx1Ti(1-x1) compound and a second layer composed of a second Alx2Ti(1-x2) compound are layered on each other, the matrix region has a structure in which a third layer composed of a third Alx3Ti(1-x3) compound and a fourth layer composed of a fourth Alx4Ti(1-x4) compound are layered on each other, the first AlTi compound and the third AlTi compound have a hexagonal crystal structure, the second AlTi compound and the fourth AlTi compound have a cubic crystal structure.

Abstract: The liquid feeding device includes a discharge speed calculation part configured to calculate a discharge speed v of the plunger pump so that a converted value LATM under an atmospheric pressure of a flow rate LPRE of the mobile phase discharged to the discharge channel from the pump part becomes a set flow rate LSET using a volume V of the mobile phase in the pump chamber of the closing pump immediately before the precompression process is started, a volume ?V reduced due to the precompression process of the mobile phase in the pump chamber of the closing pump, and a feeding pressure P; and a discharge operation controller configured to control a discharge speed of the plunger pump to a discharge speed v calculated by the discharge speed calculation part.

Abstract: A cemented carbide includes first hard phase grains, second hard phase grains, third hard phase grains, and a metal binder phase, wherein the cemented carbide has a total of 70 unit regions, the number of unit regions each having a percentage of less than 0.43% or more than 2.43% is ?10 among the total of 70 unit regions, the percentage being a percentage of the total number of the second and the third hard phase grains in each unit region with respect to the total number of the second and the third hard phase grains in the total of 70 unit regions, and in a total of 10 unit regions existing in a fourth row in a longitudinal direction, a percentage of the number of the third hard phase grains with respect to the total number of the second and the third hard phase grains is 5% to 15%.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating film that coats the substrate, wherein the coating film includes a hard coating layer constituted of a domain region and a matrix region, the domain region is a region having a plurality of portions divided and distributed in the matrix region, the domain region has a structure in which a first layer composed of a first Alx1Ti(1-x1) compound and a second layer composed of a second Alx2Ti(1-x2) compound are layered on each other, the matrix region has a structure in which a third layer composed of a third Alx3Ti(1-x3) compound and a fourth layer composed of a fourth Alx4Ti(1-x4) compound are layered on each other, the first AlTi compound, the second AlTi compound and the fourth AlTi compound have a cubic crystal structure, the third AlTi compound has a hexagonal crystal structure.

Abstract: A cutting tool comprises a substrate and a coating that coats the substrate, the coating including an ?-alumina layer provided on the substrate, the ?-alumina layer including crystal grains of ?-alumina, the ?-alumina layer including a lower portion and an upper portion, the upper portion being occupied in area at a ratio of 50% or more by crystal grains of ?-alumina having a (006) plane with a normal thereto having a direction within ±15° with respect to a direction of the normal to the second interface, the lower portion being occupied in area at a ratio of 50% or more by crystal grains of ?-alumina having a (006) plane with a normal thereto having a direction within ±15° with respect to the direction of the normal to the second interface, the ?-alumina layer having a thickness of 3 ?m or more and 20 ?m or less.

Abstract: A cutting tool comprises a substrate and a coating that coats the substrate, the coating including an ?-alumina layer provided on the substrate, the ?-alumina layer including crystal grains of ?-alumina, the ?-alumina layer including a lower portion and an upper portion, the upper portion being occupied in area at a ratio of 50% or more by crystal grains of ?-alumina having a (006) plane with a normal thereto having a direction within ±15° with respect to a direction of the normal to the second interface, the lower portion being occupied in area at a ratio of 50% or more by crystal grains of ?-alumina having a (110) plane with a normal thereto having a direction within ±15° with respect to the direction of the normal to the second interface, the ?-alumina layer having a thickness of 3 ?m or more and 20 ?m or less.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a base material and a coating covering the base material. The base material includes a rake face and a flank face. The coating includes a TiCN layer. The TiCN layer has a (422) orientation in a region d1 in the rake face. The TiCN layer has a (311) orientation in a region d2 in the flank face.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating film that coats the substrate, wherein the coating film includes a hard coating layer constituted of a domain region and a matrix region, the domain region is a region having a plurality of portions divided and distributed in the matrix region, the domain region has a structure in which a first layer composed of a first Alx1Ti(1-x1) compound and a second layer composed of a second Alx2Ti(1-x2) compound are layered on each other, the matrix region has a structure in which a third layer composed of a third Alx3Ti(1-x3) compound and a fourth layer composed of a fourth Alx4Ti(1-x4) compound are layered on each other, the first AlTi compound, the second AlTi compound and the fourth AlTi compound have a cubic crystal structure, the third AlTi compound has a hexagonal crystal structure.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a base material and a coating formed on a surface of the base material. The coating includes a first hard coating layer including crystal grains having a sodium chloride-type crystal structure. The crystal grain has a layered structure in which a first layer composed of nitride or carbonitride of AlxTi1-x and a second layer composed of nitride or carbonitride of AlyTi1-y are stacked alternately into one or more layers. The first layer each has an atomic ratio x of Al varying in a range of 0.6 or more to less than 1. The second layer each has an atomic ratio y of Al varying in a range of 0.45 or more to less than 0.6. The largest value of difference between the atomic ratio x and the atomic ratio y is 0.05?x?y?0.5.

Abstract: A cutting tool including a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge portion, comprising a substrate and an AlTiN layer, the AlTiN layer including cubic AlxTi1-xN crystal grains, Al having an atomic ratio x of 0.7 or more and 0.95 or less, the AlTiN layer including a central portion, the central portion at the rake face being occupied in area by (200) oriented crystal grains at a ratio of 80% or more, the central portion at the flank face being occupied in area by (200) oriented crystal grains at a ratio of 80% or more, the central portion at the cutting edge portion being occupied in area by (200) oriented crystal grains at a ratio of 80% or more.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a base material and a coating covering the base material. The base material includes a rake face and a flank face. The coating includes a TiCN layer. The TiCN layer has a (311) orientation in a region d1 in the rake face. The TiCN layer has a (422) orientation in a region d2 in the flank face.

Abstract: A cutting tool including a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge portion, comprising a substrate and an AlTiN layer, the AlTiN layer including cubic AlxTi1-xN crystal grains, A1 having an atomic ratio x of 0.7 or more and less than 0.95, the AlTiN layer including a central portion, the central portion at the rake face being occupied in area by (200) oriented AlxTi1-xN crystal grains at a ratio of 50% or more and less than 80%, the central portion at the cutting edge portion being occupied in area by (200) oriented AlxTi1-xN crystal grains at a ratio of 80% or more.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating film that coats the substrate, wherein the coating film includes a hard coating layer constituted of a domain region and a matrix region, the domain region is a region having a plurality of portions divided and distributed in the matrix region, the domain region has a structure in which a first layer composed of a first Alx1Ti(1-x1) compound and a second layer composed of a second Alx2Ti(1-x2) compound are layered on each other, the matrix region has a structure in which a third layer composed of a third Alx3Ti(1-x3) compound and a fourth layer composed of a fourth Alx4Ti(1-x4) compound are layered on each other, the first AlTi compound and the third AlTi compound have a hexagonal crystal structure, the second AlTi compound and the fourth AlTi compound have a cubic crystal structure.

Abstract: A cutting tool including a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge portion, comprising a substrate and an AlTiN layer, the AlTiN layer including cubic AlxTi1-xN crystal grains, Al having an atomic ratio x of 0.7 or more and less than 0.95, the AlTiN layer including a central portion, the central portion at the rake face being occupied in area by (200) oriented crystal grains at a ratio of 80% or more, the central portion at the cutting edge portion being occupied in area by (200) oriented crystal grains at a ratio of 50% or more and less than 80%.

Abstract: A cutting tool includes: a substrate including a rake face; and a coating film that coats the rake face, wherein the coating film includes an ?-Al2O3 layer disposed on the substrate, the ?-Al2O3 layer includes crystal grains of ?-Al2O3, an area ratio of crystal grains oriented in (001) among the crystal grains is 50% to 90% in the ?-Al2O3 layer at the rake face, and a film residual stress AA determined based on a crystal plane interval of a (001) plane of the ?-Al2O3 layer at the rake face is more than 0 MPa and less than or equal to 2000 MPa, and a film residual stress BA determined based on a crystal plane interval of a (110) plane of the ?-Al2O3 layer at the rake face is more than or equal to ?1000 MPa and less than 0 MPa.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating film. The coating film includes an alternate layer. The alternate layer includes a first layer having a first composition and a second layer having a second composition. The alternate layer is formed by alternately stacking at least one first layer and at least one second layer. The first layer and the second layer each have a thickness not smaller than 2 nm and not greater than 100 nm. The first composition is expressed as TiaAlbSicN (0.25?a?0.45, 0.55?b?0.75, 0?c?0.1, a+b+c=1). The second composition is expressed as TidAleSifN (0.35?d?0.55, 0.45?e?0.65, 0?f?0.1, d+e+f=1). The first composition and the second composition satisfy a condition of 0.05?d?a?0.2 and 0.05?b?e?0.2.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating formed on a surface of the substrate, the coating including one or two or more layers, at least one of the layers being an Al-rich layer including hard particles, the hard particle having a sodium chloride type crystal structure, and including a first unit phase in a form of a plurality of lumps and a second unit phase interposed between the lumps of the first unit phase, the first unit phase being composed of a nitride or carbonitride of AlxTi1-x, the first unit phase having an atomic ratio x of Al of 0.7 or more and 0.96 or less, the second unit phase being composed of a nitride or carbonitride of AlyTi1-y, the second unit phase having an atomic ratio y of Al exceeding 0.5 and less than 0.7.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating formed on a surface of the substrate, the coating including one or two or more layers, at least one of the layers being an Al-rich layer including hard particles, the hard particle having a sodium chloride type crystal structure, and including a first unit phase in a form of a plurality of lumps and a second unit phase interposed between the lumps of the first unit phase, the first unit phase being composed of a nitride or carbonitride of AlxTi1-x, the first unit phase having an atomic ratio x of Al of 0.7 or more and 0.96 or less, the second unit phase being composed of a nitride or carbonitride of AlyTi1-y, the second unit phase having an atomic ratio y of Al exceeding 0.5 and less than 0.7.