Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool has a rake face and a flank face, and includes a base material and a coating formed on the base material. The base material has a cutting edge face connecting the rake face to the flank face. The coating includes an aluminum oxide layer containing a plurality of aluminum oxide crystal grains. The aluminum oxide layer includes: a first region made up of a region A on the rake face and a region B on the flank face; a second region on the rake face except for the region A; and a third region on the flank face except for the region B. The aluminum oxide layer satisfies a relation: b?a>0.5, where a is an average value of TC(006) in the first region in texture coefficient TC(hkl), and b is an average value of TC(006) in the second or third region in texture coefficient TC(hkl).

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a base material and a coating formed on the base material. The coating includes an ?-Al2O3 layer. The ?-Al2O3 layer contains a plurality of ?-Al2O3 crystal grains and chlorine, and has a TC(006) of more than 5 in texture coefficient TC(hkl). The ?-Al2O3 layer includes lower and upper layers, the lower layer is located closer to the base material than the upper layer is, and the upper layer is located opposite to the base material across the lower layer, in a thickness direction of the ?-Al2O3 layer. The lower layer has a thickness of 1.0 ?m. The upper layer has a thickness of 0.5 ?m or more. The chlorine in the lower layer has a concentration distribution in which an atomic concentration CCl of the chlorine decreases in a direction away from the base material, in a thickness direction of the lower layer.

Abstract: A backup ring is for contacting with and supporting a plunger seal which is for sealing a pump chamber provided in a pump head of a plunger type liquid feeding pump. The backup ring includes a maximum outer diameter portion of a cylindrical shape and a smaller outer diameter portion. The maximum outer diameter portion includes a maximum outer diameter in a plunger seal supporting surface side that makes contact with a rear surface of the plunger seal. The smaller outer diameter portion includes a smaller outer diameter than the maximum outer diameter portion in at least one part of a portion other than the maximum outer diameter portion.

Abstract: A check valve is provided with a rectilinear flow passage having a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet and allowing a liquid to flow therethrough in one direction, and a first valve body, a first valve seat, a second valve body, and a second valve seat are provided in the rectilinear flow passage. A first drive body is provided in the rectilinear flow passage at a position closer to the liquid inlet than the first valve body so as to be movable in one direction. The first drive body is driven in one direction by the drive mechanism. The drive mechanism is adapted to set the first drive body either to an open state in which the first drive body presses the first valve body toward the liquid outlet side to detach the first valve body from the first valve seat or to a closure state in which the first drive body does not press the first valve body toward the liquid outlet but allows the first valve body to be seated on the first valve seat.

Abstract: A surface coated cutting tool having surfaces including a rake face and a flank face and a cutting edge defined by a boundary portion between the rake face and the flank face includes a substrate and a coating which covers the surfaces of the substrate, the coating having a TiAlN layer having an NaCl type crystal structure, and relation of 0.65<XR?0.9, 0.65<XF?0.9, 0.4?XE?0.7, XR?XE?0.2, and XF?XE?0.2 being satisfied, with a composition of the TiAlN layer in a cutting edge region located in the cutting edge being expressed as Ti1-XEAlXEN, a composition thereof in a rake face region located in the rake face being expressed as Ti1-XRAlXRN, and a composition thereof in a flank face region located in the flank face being expressed as Ti1-XFAlXFN.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating formed on a surface of the substrate, the coating including one or two or more layers, at least one of the layers being an Al-rich layer including hard particles, the hard particle having a sodium chloride type crystal structure, and including a first unit phase in a form of a plurality of lumps and a second unit phase interposed between the lumps of the first unit phase, the first unit phase being composed of a nitride or carbonitride of AlxTi1?x, the first unit phase having an atomic ratio x of Al of 0.7 or more and 0.96 or less, the second unit phase being composed of a nitride or carbonitride of AlyTi1?y, the second unit phase having an atomic ratio y of Al exceeding 0.5 and less than 0.7.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating formed on a surface of the substrate, the coating including one or two or more layers, at least one of the layers being an Al-rich layer including hard particles, the hard particle having a sodium chloride type crystal structure, and including a first unit phase in a form of a plurality of lumps and a second unit phase interposed between the lumps of the first unit phase, the first unit phase being composed of a nitride or carbonitride of AlxTi1-x, the first unit phase having an atomic ratio x of Al of 0.7 or more and 0.96 or less, the second unit phase being composed of a nitride or carbonitride of AlyTi1-y, the second unit phase having an atomic ratio y of Al exceeding 0.5 and less than 0.7.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating formed on a surface of the substrate, the coating including one or two or more layers, at least one of the layers being an Al-rich layer including hard particles, the hard particle having a sodium chloride type crystal structure, and including a first unit phase in a form of a plurality of lumps and a second unit phase interposed between the lumps of the first unit phase, the first unit phase being composed of a nitride or carbonitride of AlxTi1-x, the first unit phase having an atomic ratio x of Al of 0.7 or more and 0.96 or less, the second unit phase being composed of a nitride or carbonitride of AlyTi1-y, the second unit phase having an atomic ratio y of Al exceeding 0.5 and less than 0.7.

Abstract: A liquid feeding apparatus has a primary side pump and a secondary side pump, and an outlet part of the primary side pump and an inlet part of the secondary side pump are connected to each other via a check valve. A temporary side pump pressure sensor for detecting the pressure inside the pump chamber of the primary side pump and a secondary side pressure sensor for detecting the pressure inside the pump chamber of the secondary side pump are provided. The signal of the primary side pressure sensor and the signal of the secondary side pressure sensor are acquired after the suction operation of the primary side pump is terminated and before the discharge operation of the secondary side pump is terminated.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating that is disposed on the substrate and formed so as to cover at least a portion of a flank face, in which the coating includes an inner layer and an outer layer formed on the inner layer, the inner layer is formed of at least one layer and includes an aluminum oxide layer as a layer in contact with the outer layer, the outer layer has a multilayer structure that includes three or more layers stacked on top of one another, and each of the layers that constitute the multilayer structure contains titanium.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a base material and a coating formed on the base material. The base material is a cemented carbide or a cermet. A surface of the base material includes a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge face connecting the rake face to the flank face. The base material has an oxygen concentration of less than or equal to 1 at. % at a depth position of 0.4 ?m from the cutting edge face. The coating includes a hard layer. A topmost layer in the hard layer has a compressive stress of more than or equal to 1.5 GPa in absolute value.

Abstract: A cemented carbide comprising a first hard phase composed of tungsten carbide particles and a binder phase including Co, the cemented carbide having a ratio Nt/Na of 0.9 or more, where, in any surface or any cross section of the cemented carbide, a region in which there is a distance X of 5 nm or less between surfaces respectively of tungsten carbide particles adjacent to each other, the surfaces facing each other along a length L of 100 nm or more, is referred to as a WC/WC interface, and Na represents a total number of WC/WC interfaces and Nt represents a number of WC/WC interfaces having distance X of 1 nm or more and 5 nm or less and having therein an atomic percentage of Co higher than an average value of atomic percentages of Co in the tungsten carbide particles.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool having a rake face and a flank face includes a base material and a coating formed on the base material. The base material is a cemented carbide or a cermet. The coating includes an aluminum oxide layer containing a plurality of aluminum oxide crystal grains. The aluminum oxide layer includes: a first region made up of a region A on the rake face and a region B on the flank face; a second region on the rake face except for the region A; and a third region on the flank face except for the region B. The aluminum oxide layer satisfies a relation: b?a>0.5, where a is an average value of TC(110) in the first region in texture coefficient TC(hkl), and b is an average value of TC(110) in the second or third region in texture coefficient TC(hkl).

Abstract: A switching valve is used in a binary pump. The switching valve is provided with a first liquid delivery port to which a first pump unit is connected, a second liquid delivery port to which a second pump unit is connected, and an output port leading to an output unit that outputs a liquid to be delivered. The switching valve is configured so as to be switched to any one of the following states: a first state in which the first liquid delivery port is connected to the output port and the second liquid delivery port is not connected to any port; a second state in which the second liquid delivery port is connected to the output port and the first liquid delivery port is not connected to any port; and a third state in which both the first liquid delivery port and the second liquid delivery port are connected to the output port.

Abstract: A cutting tool includes a base material. The base material is a cemented carbide or a cermet. A surface of the base material includes a rake face, a flank face, and a cutting edge face connecting the rake face to the flank face. The base material has an oxygen concentration of less than or equal to 1 at. % at a depth position of 0.4 ?m from the cutting edge face.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a substrate and a coating film. The coating film includes an alternate layer. The alternate layer includes a first layer having a first composition and a second layer having a second composition. The alternate layer is formed by alternately stacking at least one first layer and at least one second layer. The first layer and the second layer each have a thickness not smaller than 2 nm and not greater than 100 nm. The first composition is expressed as TiaAlbSicN (0.25?a?0.45, 0.55?b?0.75, 0?c?0.1, a+b+c=1). The second composition is expressed as TidAleSifN (0.35?d?0.55, 0.45?e?0.65, 0?f?0.1, d+e+f=1). The first composition and the second composition satisfy a condition of 0.05?d?a?0.2 and 0.05?b?e?0.2.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a base material and a coating. A hard layer in the coating includes a plurality of crystal grains having a sodium chloride-type crystal structure. The crystal grain has a layered structure in which a first layer composed of nitride or carbonitride of AlxTi1-x and a second layer composed of nitride or carbonitride of AlyTi1-y are alternately stacked. The total thickness of the first layer and the second layer adjacent to each other is 3 nm or more and 40 nm or less. An angle of intersection between a normal direction to (111) plane that is a crystal plane of the crystal grain and the normal direction to the surface of the base material, an area ratio of the crystal grains having the angle of intersection of 0 degree or more to less than 10 degrees is 40% or more.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a base material and a coating. A hard layer in the coating includes a plurality of crystal grains having a sodium chloride-type crystal structure. When the angle of intersection between the normal direction to (111) plane that is a crystal plane of the crystal grain and the normal direction to the surface of the base material is measured, a proportion A of the crystal grains having the angle of intersection of 0 degree or more to less than 20 degrees is 50% or more. The length of ?3 grain boundaries is less than 50% of the length of ?3-29 grain boundaries. The crystal grain has a layered structure in which a first layer and a second layer are alternately stacked. The total thickness of the first layer and the second layer adjacent to each other is 3 to 40 nm.