Abstract: A lower die having a first recess corresponding to one of outer shapes of the element, and an upper die having a second recess are provided. The outer diameter of the upper dies is smaller than the inner diameter of the first recess so that a gap is formed between the inside wall of the first recess and the outside wall of the upper die. A workpiece is put between the lower and upper dies, and the upper die is pressed against the lower die to form the element.

Abstract: A pumped laser arrangement comprises a pumping laser and at least first and second laser elements positioned such that their axes intersect at a predetermined angle. A mirror which transmits light emitted by the pumping laser and reflects light emitted by the laser elements is positioned at the intersection of the axes to reflect light between the ends of the first and second laser elements. The pumping laser is optically coupled through the mirror to the end of one of the first and second laser elements.

Abstract: A thermal copying apparatus disclosed holds an original and a recording sheet in intimate contact with each other between a holding member and a transparent member and operates a light source to irradiate the original through the transparent member thereby to effect a copying operation thermosensitively. The apparatus further has at least one of a heater for heating the transparent member at a portion where the original and the recording sheet are fed into prior to the copying operation, a cooling fan for generating a cooling gas flowing perpendicularly to the conveying direction of the original and the recording sheet and reversing its flowing direction at predetermined cycles, a sensor for detecting temperature of the transparent member, and a circuit for controlling energy of the light source in accordance with the detected temperature, thus being capable of always obtaining uniform copying density.

Abstract: A headlamp for vehicles has a lens and a parabolic reflector which are made of synthetic resin and which are joined together by heat. A composite, light scattering reflector for scattering or spreading the light to be concentrated to the upper and central portion of the lens to an extend that no glare is generated, is arranged at the upper and central portion of the parabolic reflector. The composite reflector may be integrally formed with the main parabolic reflector, or may be a separate element joined to the main parabolic reflector.

Abstract: In an automotive head lamp, an auxiliary reflector made of heat-resisting synthetic resin is integrally provided in the center portion of a reflector made of synthetic resin. The heat-resistant auxiliary reflector encircles the bulb.

Abstract: A printing apparatus having a simple construction is constituted by a print element with a plurality of resilient spokes which have type elements disposed vertically thereon and in two rows around the element and extend upwardly from a disc base in a cylinder, and a gear on the disc base integral therewith and coaxial with the disc base and cylinder. The print element is easy to mount and remove. A hammer for pressing each type element on the print element against a printing member and a shaft mechanism for carrying out a shifting operation of the print element are provided. A rotary means includes a motor for rotatably driving the print element and a drive gear connected to the motor. A holder is provided for holding the print element, hammer, and shift mechanism. The print element is preferable mountable and removable with respect to the holder and when mounted, engages the drive gear and is rotatable and vertically movable.

Abstract: A solenoid including a plunger supported on a shaft so as to be axially and rotatably moveable, a rotator rotatably supported on the shaft, a coil for generating magnetic flux to attract the plunger to the rotator by a magnetic force, and yokes for completing magnetic circuits such that the plunger and rotator are subjected to no radial force by the magnetic force and no axial force after they are drawn to each other.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire is disclosed, which comprises a carcass composed of at least one ply and an inner liner arranged inside the carcass and composed of plural rubber layers. In the tire of this type, the inner liner comprises at least three layers of an outermost layer adjacent to the carcass, an innermost layer facing the inner space of the tire and an intermediate layer interposed between the innermost and outermost layers. The innermost layer is composed of a rubber composition containing 15-60 parts by weight of natural rubber and the balance of a halogenated butyl polymer as a rubber component, while the intermediate layer is composed of a rubber composition containing only a halogenated butyl polymer as a rubber component, which is different from that of the outermost layer in the rubber component.

Abstract: Radial tires having highly improved durable life by using a rubber composition prepared by incorporating a given amount of a primary fatty acid having 6-10 carbon atoms and/or metal salts of thereof to a rubber for embedding rubber for steel cords in belt portion or carcass portion of radial tires. By further adding thereto cobalt salt of organic acids other than the above described fatty acids and/or boric acid or a metal salt of boric acid, the corrosion resistance of steel cords is synergistically improved.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a pneumatic tire comprising a carcass composed of at least one cord ply extending between a pair of bead portions, an inner liner adhered to the inner surface of the carcass, and a rubber reinforcing layer made of a rubber composition different from and having a Shore A hardness higher than that of the inner liner and disposed at a lower part of the bead portion including a bead toe portion and a bead heel portion to form an outermost bead rubber at least at that region of the bead portion which comes into contact with a rim.

Abstract: A serial printing mechanism which employs a type wheel having a plurality of type characters has a single motor mounted on a carriage employed to accomplish plural functions. The single motor selectively rotates the type wheel to locate the predetermined type character in front of the typing position, and shifts the carriage. The carriage drive which shifts the carriage along a platen is powered by the single motor through a clutch which selectively engages the motor with the carriage drive.

Abstract: A reflector includes a base body exhibiting dielectric property at least at its surface. A reflecting layer made of aluminum is formed on one surface of the base body by vacuum deposition. A light-transmitting water-insoluble inorganic oxide layer is formed on the aluminum reflecting layer. The light-transmitting inorganic oxide layer has its micropores sealed by sealing agent comprising H.sub.2 O or a carboxylate of an iron family element having a low valence.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial tire has as a reinforcement for a crown a belt consisting of a plurality of laminated plies whose cords intersect to each other. A coating rubber having a higher modulus is applied to the central zone of the belt which would be subjected to the most of the vertical stresses caused by the inner air pressure when the tire is inflated, and a coating rubber having a lower modulus is applied to the edge zones of the belt. The lower modulus coating rubber has a high elongation and a high tensile strength at break which serve to reduce shearing strains at the edges of the belt. Such coating rubbers having different properties are used in central and edge zones of the belt to match the requirement of the strengths of the belt, thereby increasing the service life of the tire.