Abstract: An electric oven includes a top plate and a bottom plate facing each other, two side plates facing each other, and a rear plate connecting the top plate, the bottom plate and the two side plates where the top plate, the bottom plate, the two side plates and the rear plate define a cavity having a front opening, a door which selectively opens and closes the front opening of the cavity, a casing which surrounds the cavity, a support member interposed between the casing and the cavity, and one or more planar heating elements which extend along one plane, are detachably supported by the support member, and apply radiant heat to the cavity.

Abstract: A variable resistance memory device includes a first conductive line extending in a first direction, a second conductive line extending in a second direction, the second direction intersecting the first direction on the first conductive line, a fixed resistance layer between the first conductive line and the second conductive line, and a variable resistance layer between the first conductive line and the second conductive line, wherein the fixed resistance layer and the variable resistance layer are electrically connected in parallel to each other between the first conductive line and the second conductive line.

Abstract: A heating element includes a plurality of matrix particles and a conductive inorganic filler disposed at interfaces between the plurality of matrix particles to provide a conductive network.

Abstract: A heating element includes a plurality of matrix particles and a conductive inorganic filler disposed at interfaces between the plurality of matrix particles to provide a conductive network.

Abstract: A semiconductor device is provided. The semiconductor device includes a substrate a substrate, a first electrode structure on the substrate, the first electrode structure including first insulating patterns and first electrode patterns, the first insulating patterns alternately stacked with the first electrode patterns, a second electrode pattern on a sidewall of the first electrode structure, and a data storage film on a sidewall of the second electrode pattern. The data storage film has a variable resistance.

Abstract: A The heating element structure includes: a conductive metal substrate; a heating layer spaced apart from the conductive metal substrate and configured to generate heat in response to an electrical signal; electrodes in contact with the heating layer and configured to provide the electrical signal to the heating layer; and a first insulating layer on the conductive metal substrate, the first insulating layer comprising a first matrix material and a particle, wherein a difference between a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the first matrix material and a coefficient of thermal expansion of the particle is about 4×10?6 per Kelvin or less.

Abstract: Provided is a non-volatile memory device including a control logic, a semiconductor layer, a resistance switching layer, a gate oxide layer, and a gate stack including a plurality of gates and a plurality of insulating layers, wherein the plurality of gates and the plurality of insulating layers are stacked alternately with each other. The resistance switching layer is provided between the semiconductor layer and the gate stack. The gate oxide layer is provided between the resistance switching layer and the gate stack. A cell string including a plurality of memory cells is formed by the gate stack, the resistance switching layer, and the gate oxide layer.

Abstract: A heating element includes a matrix material and a nanomaterial filler, wherein the nanomaterial filler includes at least one of a nano-sheet and a nanorod.

Abstract: A composite material structure including a matrix material layer; and a plurality of one-dimensional nanostructure distributed in the matrix material layer and having an electrical conductivity which is greater than an electrical conductivity of the matrix material layer, wherein the plurality of one-dimensional nanostructures includes a first one-dimensional nanostructure and a second one-dimensional nanostructure in contact with each other.

Abstract: A planar heating device includes a substrate, first and second electrodes disposed on both ends of the substrate, a heating layer disposed on the substrate and configured to contact the first and second electrodes, a first additional heating layer disposed on one end of the heating layer, and a second additional heating layer disposed on the other end of the heating layer.

Abstract: A heating element includes a matrix material and a nanomaterial filler, wherein the nanomaterial filler includes at least one of a nano-sheet and a nanorod.

Abstract: A paste composition including: a carbon nanotube; a microemulsion adsorbed on a surface of the carbon nanotube, wherein the microemulsion includes a metal precursor and a surfactant; and an organic vehicle.

Abstract: A composition for forming a heating element; a dried and sintered product thereof; and a method of preparing the composition for forming a heating element, the composition including a matrix particle, a composite filler, and a solvent, wherein the composite filler includes a core and a coating layer disposed on the core, the core includes a nanosheet filler, and the composition has a pH in a range of about 5 to about 9.

Abstract: Provided are a structure, a planar heater including the same, a heating device including the planar heater, and a method of preparing the structure. The structure includes a metal substrate, an insulating layer disposed on the metal substrate, an electrode layer disposed on the insulating layer, and an electrically conductive layer disposed on the electrode layer, wherein a difference in a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the metal substrate and the insulating layer is 4 parts per million per degree Kelvin change in temperature (ppm/K) or less.

Abstract: A The heating element structure includes: a conductive metal substrate; a heating layer spaced apart from the conductive metal substrate and configured to generate heat in response to an electrical signal; electrodes in contact with the heating layer and configured to provide the electrical signal to the heating layer; and a first insulating layer on the conductive metal substrate, the first insulating layer comprising a first matrix material and a particle, wherein a difference between a coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the first matrix material and a coefficient of thermal expansion of the particle is about 4×10?6 per Kelvin or less.

Abstract: A composition for preparing an electrically conductive composite includes, based on the total weight of the composition: about 37 weight percent to about 84 weight percent of an epoxy; about 0.001 weight percent to about 22 weight percent of an electrically conductive filler; and about 15 weight percent to about 45 weight percent of a thermoplastic resin, wherein the thermoplastic resin is a liquid at about 25° C., is miscible with the epoxy, and forms a domain upon heat curing that is phase-separated from the epoxy and the electrically conductive inorganic filler. Also composites prepared therefrom and an electronic device including the same.

Abstract: A heating element includes a plurality of matrix particles and a conductive inorganic filler disposed at interfaces between the plurality of matrix particles to provide a conductive network.

Abstract: A planar heating apparatus includes a substrate, first electrodes on the substrate, second electrodes alternately arranged with the first electrodes, an electrode connector connecting end portions of the first or second electrodes to each other and a power connector connected to the electrode connector and to which a power supply is connected. The power connector extends outside of the substrate.

Abstract: An electric oven includes a top plate and a bottom plate facing each other, two side plates facing each other, and a rear plate connecting the top plate, the bottom plate and the two side plates where the top plate, the bottom plate, the two side plates and the rear plate define a cavity having a front opening, a door which selectively opens and closes the front opening of the cavity, a casing which surrounds the cavity, a support member interposed between the casing and the cavity, and one or more planar heating elements which extend along one plane, are detachably supported by the support member, and apply radiant heat to the cavity.

Abstract: A sheet heater includes a substrate; a first and second finger electrode each on the substrate to lengthwise extend in a first direction and be spaced apart from each other in a second direction; and a heating layer on the substrate to have a stripe shape lengthwise extended in the second direction to cross each of the first and second finger electrodes. The first finger electrode or the second finger electrode crossed by the heating layer is a pattern electrode in which an opening is defined, for the pattern electrode in which the opening is defined, an opening ratio is defined by a total planar area of the opening to a total planar area of the pattern electrode, and the opening ratio is in a range from about 40% to about 80%.