Abstract: A light receiver (100), comprising: a plurality of avalanche photodiode elements (10) each being biased with a bias voltage above a breakdown voltage and thus operated in a Geiger mode in order to trigger a Geiger current upon light reception and a plurality of readout circuits (42, 44, 46) associated with individual avalanche photodiode elements (10) or a group of avalanche photodiode elements (10) for reading out a Geiger current generated upon light reception, wherein the readout circuits (42, 44, 46) each comprise a measurement path (42) and a blanking path (46) as well as a switching element (44) for selectively supplying the Geiger current, or a measurement current corresponding to the Geiger current, to the measurement path (42) or the blanking path (46).

Abstract: An illumination optical unit for EUV projection lithography illuminates an object field with illumination light. The illumination optical unit has a first facet mirror including a plurality of first facets on a first mirror carrier. Disposed downstream of the first facet mirror is a second facet mirror including a plurality of second facets arranged on a second mirror carrier around a facet arrangement center. Partial beams of the illumination light are guided superposed on one another into the object field, respectively via illumination channels which have one of the first facets and one of the second facets. Second maximum angle facets are arranged at the edge of the second mirror carrier. The second maximum angle facets predetermine maximum illumination angles of the illumination light which deviate maximally from a chief ray incidence on the object field.

Abstract: An electromechanical braking device for a braking system including a master brake cylinder including an electric motor, an adjustable output rod, and a gear, the electric motor being connected to the output rod at least via the gear so that a power transmission path is present via which a motor output is at least partially transmittable to the output rod so that the output rod is adjustable, the electromechanical braking device including at least one elastic component situated within the power transmission path which is configured so that the at least one elastic component is not compressible below a control point of the electromechanical braking device, but during the occurrence of pressure peaks in the master brake cylinder which are above the control point of the electromechanical braking device, the at least one elastic component is compressible. Also described is a braking system for a vehicle.

Abstract: A light receiver (50) is provided having a plurality of avalanche photodiode elements (10) that are each biased by a bias above a breakdown voltage and that are thus operated in a Geiger mode to trigger a Geiger current on light reception, wherein the avalanche photodiode elements (10) have a first connector (20, 22, 28a-b) and a second connector (20, 22, 28a-b); and wherein a first signal tapping circuit (12) for reading out the avalanche photodiode elements is connected to one of the connectors (20, 22, 28a-b). In this respect, a second signal tapping circuit (12) for reading out the avalanche photodiode elements (10) is connected to the other connector (20, 22, 28a-b).

Abstract: A sensor (10) is provided that has at least one sensor functional group (12), a heating device (14, 22), and a heating control (14, 20) to control a heating power (Pheating) of the heating device (14, 22). In this respect, the heating control (20) is configured to adapt the heating power (Pheating) to a power consumption (Psensor) of the sensor functional group (12).

Abstract: A light receiver (10, 50) having a plurality of avalanche photo diode elements (10, 12a-c) which are biased with a bias voltage greater than a breakthrough voltage and are thus operated in a Geiger mode in order to trigger a Geiger current upon light reception, and having a signal detection circuit (50) for reading out the avalanche photo diode elements (10, 12a-c), wherein the signal detection circuit (50) comprises an active coupling element (52) having an input (54) connected to the avalanche photo diode elements (10, 12a-c) and an output (56), the active coupling element (52) mapping the Geiger current at the input (54) to a measuring current corresponding to the Geiger current in its course and level, wherein the input (54) forms a virtual short-circuit for the Geiger current with respect to a potential (ground, ?UBE; Uconst?UBE), and the output (56) is decoupled from the input (54).

Abstract: An electromechanical braking device for a braking system including a master brake cylinder including an electric motor, an adjustable output rod, and a gear, the electric motor being connected to the output rod at least via the gear so that a power transmission path is present via which a motor output is at least partially transmittable to the output rod so that the output rod is adjustable, the electromechanical braking device including at least one elastic component situated within the power transmission path which is configured so that the at least one elastic component is not compressible below a control point of the electromechanical braking device, but during the occurrence of pressure peaks in the master brake cylinder which are above the control point of the electromechanical braking device, the at least one elastic component is compressible. Also described is a braking system for a vehicle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a microphone, in which a transducer element (WE) is mounted on a carrier (TR); a cover is arranged over the transducer element (WE) and the carrier (TR) such that the transducer element (WE) is enclosed between the cover and the carrier (TR); a first sound inlet opening (S01) is produced in the carrier (TR); a functional test of the microphone is carried out; the first sound inlet opening (S01) is closed; and a second sound inlet opening (S02) is created in the cover. The present invention further relates to a microphone resulting from the method, in which the first sound inlet opening (S01) is prepared but closed.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing a microphone, in which a transducer element (WE) is mounted on a carrier (TR); a cover is arranged over the transducer element (WE) and the carrier (TR) such that the transducer element (WE) is enclosed between the cover and the carrier (TR); a first sound inlet opening (SO1) is produced in the carrier (TR); a functional test of the microphone is carried out; the first sound inlet opening (SO1) is closed; and a second sound inlet opening (SO2) is created in the cover. The present invention further relates to a microphone resulting from the method, in which the first sound inlet opening (SO1) is prepared but closed.

Abstract: A micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) package is described herein. The package includes a carrier substrate having a top side, a MEMS chip mounted on the top side of the carrier substrate, and at least one chip component on or above the top side of the carrier substrate or embedded in the carrier substrate. The package also includes a thin metallic shielding layer covering the MEMS chip and the chip component and forming a seal with the top side of the carrier substrate.

Abstract: A micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) package is described herein. The package includes a carrier substrate having a top side, a MEMS chip mounted on the top side of the carrier substrate, and at least one chip component on or above the top side of the carrier substrate or embedded in the carrier substrate. The package also includes a thin metallic shielding layer covering the MEMS chip and the chip component and forming a seal with the top side of the carrier substrate.

Abstract: A capacitor includes a multi layer structure on a ceramic or crystalline substrate. The multilayer structure includes a lower electrode, an upper electrode, and a dielectric that is tunable by a voltage applied to the electrodes. The multilayer structure is configured such that resonant oscillation modes of bulk acoustic waves can be propagated in the multilayer structure and such that the resonant frequencies of the oscillation modes are outside a first band range of between 810 and 1000 MHz, second band range of between 1700 and 2205 MHz and third band range of between 2400 and 2483.5 MHz.

Abstract: A micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) package is described herein. The package includes a carrier substrate having a top side, a MEMS chip mounted on the top side of the carrier substrate, and at least one chip component on or above the top side of the carrier substrate or embedded in the carrier substrate. The package also includes a thin metallic shielding layer covering the MEMS chip and the chip component and forming a seal with the top side of the carrier substrate.

Abstract: A selectively marked contact lens having, in one aspect, marks in an optical zone region on a surface thereof and, in another aspect, different marks outside an optical zone region of the lens, for an in-vivo lens. With the lens in-vivo, the subject's eye is illuminated and the lens is imaged. A fast algorithm is used to determine the mark coordinates in relation to a measured pupil coordinate to determine position and/or orientation of the contact lens. A wavefront aberration measurement can also be obtained simultaneously with the contact lens position measurement, as well as pupil size. A fast algorithm provides for online measurements; i.e., at a repetition rate of 10 Hz or greater, over a selected time interval. Blinking periods are determined and anomalous lens position and/or wavefront information is discarded. A most frequently occurring wavefront and/or contact lens position/orientation is determined over the selected time interval.

Abstract: A fast algorithm is presented which allows for substantially simultaneous acquisition, analysis, and display of a wavefront centroid image, referred to as online aberrometry. A method embodiment involves determination of an average, or most frequently occurring, wavefront aberration over a selected time interval, e.g., 20 sec. Online pupil diameter measurement allows analysis of wavefront aberration as a function of changing pupil size. A wavefront measuring apparatus is disclosed that supports online aberrometry.

Abstract: A micro electro-mechanical systems (MEMS) package is described herein. The package includes a carrier substrate having a top side, a MEMS chip mounted on the top side of the carrier substrate, and at least one chip component on or above the top side of the carrier substrate or embedded in the carrier substrate. The package also includes a thin metallic shielding layer covering the MEMS chip and the chip component and forming a seal with the top side of the carrier substrate.

Abstract: A capacitor with a multilayer structure on a ceramic or crystalline substrate is proposed that comprises at least one lower and one upper electrode as well as a tunable dielectric arranged therebetween in which resonant oscillation modes of bulk acoustic waves can be propagated, wherein, by suitable selection regarding material and thickness and a suitable number of layers in the multilayer structure, the latter is tuned such that the resonant frequencies of the oscillation modes lie outside of band ranges used in mobile telephones. Circuits with tunable capacitors that find multiple uses inside terminal devices for mobile communication are additionally proposed.

Abstract: A selectively marked contact lens having, in one aspect, marks in an optical zone region on a surface thereof and, in another aspect, different marks outside an optical zone region of the lens, for an in-vivo lens. With the lens in-vivo, the subject's eye is illuminated and the lens is imaged. A fast algorithm is used to determine the mark coordinates in relation to a measured pupil coordinate to determine position and/or orientation of the contact lens. A wavefront aberration measurement can also be obtained simultaneously with the contact lens position measurement, as well as pupil size. A fast algorithm provides for online measurements; i.e., at a repetition rate of 10 Hz or greater, over a selected time interval. Blinking periods are determined and anomalous lens position and/or wavefront information is discarded. A most frequently occurring wavefront and/or contact lens position/orientation is determined over the selected time interval.

Abstract: A fast algorithm is presented which allows for substantially simultaneous acquisition, analysis, and display of a wavefront centroid image, referred to as online aberrometry. A method embodiment involves determination of an average, or most frequently occurring, wavefront aberration over a selected time interval, e.g., 20 sec. Online pupil diameter measurement allows analysis of wavefront aberration as a function of changing pupil size. A wavefront measuring apparatus is disclosed that supports online aberrometry.

Abstract: A topographical parameter measuring device and method utilizes a technique based on wave front reconstruction according to, e.g., Hartmann-Shack principles. The device includes a planar illuminator comprising a known array of illumination sources for projecting a light spot pattern onto a target surface. A CCD camera detects the positions of the reflected image spots in a manner similar to that in a Hartmann-Shack wave front sensor. The displacements of the light spots from reference coordinates are indicative of the slope of the surface at the plurality of sample points. A computational component is used to fit the slope data of a reference surface and the target surface to a polynomial, for example, a Zernike polynomial. The polynomial, properly weighted with the calculated coefficients, provides a continuous mapping of the elevation of the target surface.