Abstract: Arrangements and techniques for providing organic emissive layers are provided, in which the emissive layer includes a first dopant having a dissociative energy level. A second dopant in the emissive layer provides a solid state sink energy level, to which doubly excited excitons and/or polarons may transition instead of to the dissociative energy level, thereby decreasing the undesirable effects of transitions to the dissociative energy level.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices comprising at least one hybrid planar-graded heterojunction. In particular, organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices are disclosed having two electrodes (110), (150) in superposed relation, a graded heterojunction layer (130) located between the two electrodes, and at least one photoactive layer (120), (140) adjacent to and interfacing with the graded heterojunction layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are large area, multi-layer solar devices comprising a substrate, an active area comprising at least one donor material and at least one acceptor material deposited on a surface of the substrate, wherein the donor and acceptor materials are comprised of organic molecules, and wherein particulates are removed from the surface of the substrate before deposition of the donor and acceptor materials. Particulates may be removed by exposing the surface of the substrate to a stream of at least one compound comprising one or more phases chosen from supercritical, gaseous, solid, and liquid phases. Also disclosed are methods of manufacturing photovoltaic devices comprising providing a substrate, cleaning a surface of the substrate by exposing the surface to a stream of at least one compound comprising one or more phases chosen from supercritical, gaseous, solid, and liquid phases, and depositing an organic active layer on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A method of processing bundles of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Bundles of CNTs are put into a solution and unbundled using sonication and one or more surfactants that break apart and disperse at least some of the bundles into the solution such that it contains individual semiconducting CNTs, individual metallic CNTs, and remaining CNT bundles. The individual CNTs are separated from each other using agarose bead column separation using sodium dodecyl sulfate as a surfactant. Remaining CNT bundles are then separated out by performing density-gradient ultracentrifugation.

Abstract: An organic light emitting device including a) an anode; b) a cathode; and c) an emissive layer disposed between the anode and the cathode, the emissive layer comprising an organic host compound and a phosphorescent compound exhibiting a Stokes Shift overlap greater than 0.3 eV. The organic light emitting device may further include a hole transport layer disposed between the emissive layer and the anode; and an electron transport layer disposed between the emissive layer and the cathode. In some embodiments, the phosphorescent compound exhibits a phosphorescent lifetime of less than 10 ?s. In some embodiments, the concentration of the phosphorescent compound ranges from 0.5 wt. % to 10 wt. %.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods for fabricating an organic photovoltaic device comprising depositing an amorphous organic layer and a crystalline organic layer over a first electrode, wherein the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer contact one another at an interface; annealing the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer for a time sufficient to induce at least partial crystallinity in the amorphous organic layer; and depositing a second electrode over the amorphous organic layer and the crystalline organic layer. In the methods and devices herein, the amorphous organic layer may comprise at least one material that undergoes inverse-quasi epitaxial (IQE) alignment to a material of the crystalline organic layer as a result of the annealing.

Abstract: Porphyrin compounds are provided. The compounds may further comprise a fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or a fused heterocyclic aromatic. Fused polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon s and fused heterocyclic aromatics may extend and broaden absorption, and modify the solubility, crystallinity, and film-forming properties of the porphyrin compounds. Additionally, devices comprising porphyrin compounds are also provided. The porphyrin compounds may be used in a donor/acceptor configuration with compounds, such as C60.

Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosed subject matter provide a device with a base having an opening, and a plurality of organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) disposed on a plurality of substrates and arranged in a light directing structure onto the base, where the opening of the base is a light exit aperture of light output by the plurality of OLEDs.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to chromophoric compounds that combine strong absorption of light at visible wavelengths with the ability to undergo symmetry-breaking intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), and their use for the generation of free carriers in organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and electric-field-stabilized geminate polaron pairs. The present disclosure also relates to the synthesis of such compounds, methods of manufacture, and applications in photovoltaic systems and organic lasers.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to organic photosensitive devices comprising a substrate; a first electrode disposed over the substrate; a second electrode disposed over the first electrode; a photoactive region positioned between the first electrode and the second electrode; and at least one reflector disposed over the second electrode, wherein the at least one reflector is configured to at least partially reflect one or more desired wavelengths. Also disclosed are methods of preparing photosensitive devices having at least one reflector configured to at least partially reflect one or more desired wavelengths.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices comprising two electrodes in superposed relation, a photoactive region located between the two electrodes, wherein the photoactive region comprises a donor mixture and an organic acceptor material, the donor mixture comprising at least one organic polymer donor material and at least one squaraine donor. Methods of fabricating the organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: A compound that can be used as a donor material in organic photovoltaic devices comprising a non-activated porphyrin fused with one or more non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or one or more non-activated heterocyclic rings can be obtained by a thermal fusion process. By heating the reaction mixture of non-activated porphyrins with non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or heterocyclic rings to a fusion temperature and holding for a predetermined time, fusion of one or more polycyclic rings or heterocyclic rings to the non-activated porphyrin core in meso,? fashion is achieved resulting in hybrid structures containing a distorted porphyrin ring with annulated aromatic rings. The porphyrin core can be olygoporphyrins.

Abstract: The invention provides apparatus and methods for organic continuum vapor deposition of organic materials on large area substrates.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for preparing the surface of a metal substrate. The present disclosure also relates to an organic photovoltaic device including a metal substrate made by such method. Also disclosed herein is an inverted photosensitive device including a stainless steel foil reflective electrode, an organic donor-acceptor heterojunction over the reflective electrode, and a transparent electrode over the donor-acceptor heterojunction.

Abstract: A method of processing bundles of carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Bundles of CNTs are put into a solution and unbundled using sonication and one or more surfactants that break apart and disperse at least some of the bundles into the solution such that it contains individual semiconducting CNTs, individual metallic CNTs, and remaining CNT bundles. The individual CNTs are separated from each other using agarose bead column separation using sodium dodecyl sulfate as a surfactant. Remaining CNT bundles are then separated out by performing density-gradient ultracentrifugation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device comprising: an anode; a cathode; an inorganic substrate; and at least one organic window layer positioned between: the anode and the inorganic substrate; or the cathode and the inorganic substrate. Also disclosed is a method of enhancing the performance of a photosensitive device having an anode, a cathode, and an inorganic substrate, comprising: positioning at least one organic window layer between the anode and the cathode. In one embodiment the organic window layer may absorb light and generate excitons that migrate to the inorganic where they convert to photocurrent, thereby increasing the efficiency of the device. Also disclosed is a method of enhancing Schottky barrier height of a photosensitive device, the method being substantially similar to the previously defined method.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a photosensitive optoelectronic device comprising two electrodes, an inorganic subcell positioned between the two electrodes, wherein the inorganic subcell comprises at least one inorganic semiconductor material having a band gap energy (EG), and an organic sensitizing window layer disposed on the inorganic subcell. In one aspect, the organic sensitizing window layer comprises a singlet fission material. In another aspect, the organic sensitizing window layer comprises a singlet fission host and a phosphorescent emitter dopant, where the singlet fission host exhibits an excitation triplet energy (ET-SF) greater than or equal to an excitation triplet energy (ET-PE) exhibited by the phosphorescent emitter dopant.

Abstract: A compound that can be used as a donor material in organic photovoltaic devices comprising a non-activated porphyrin fused with one or more non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or one or more non-activated heterocyclic rings can be obtained by a thermal fusion process. The compounds can include structures of Formula I: By heating the reaction mixture of non-activated porphyrins with non-activated polycyclic aromatic rings or heterocyclic rings to a fusion temperature and holding for a predetermined time, fusion of one or more polycyclic rings or heterocyclic rings to the non-activated porphyrin core in meso,? fashion is achieved resulting in hybrid structures containing a distorted porphyrin ring with annulated aromatic rings. The porphyrin core can be olygoporphyrins.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a tandem organic photosensitive device involves depositing a first layer of an organic electron donor type material film by solution-processing of the organic electron donor type material dissolved in a first solvent; depositing a first layer of an organic electron acceptor type material over the first layer of the organic electron donor type material film by a dry deposition process; depositing a conductive layer over the interim stack by a dry deposition process; depositing a second layer of the organic electron donor type material over the conductive layer by solution-processing of the organic electron donor type material dissolved in a second solvent, wherein the organic electron acceptor type material and the conductive layer are insoluble in the second solvent; depositing a second layer of an organic electron acceptor type material over the second layer of the organic electron donor type material film by a dry deposition process, resulting in a stack.

Abstract: There is disclosed an organic optoelectronic device comprising two electrodes in superposed relation comprising an anode and a cathode, at least one donor material and at least one acceptor material located between the two electrodes forming a donor-acceptor heterojunction, an anode buffer layer adjacent to the anode and a cathode buffer layer adjacent to the cathode, and an intermediate layer adjacent to at least one of the anode and cathode buffer layers, wherein when the intermediate layer is adjacent to the anode buffer layer, the intermediate layer is chosen to facilitate the transport of holes to the anode buffer layer, and when the intermediate layer is adjacent to the cathode buffer layer, the intermediate layer is chosen to facilitate the transport of electrons to the cathode buffer layer. Also disclosed are methods of making the same.