Patents by Inventor Stephen R. Forrest

Stephen R. Forrest has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Patent number: 10141465
    Abstract: There is disclosed a method of preparing a photovoltaic device. In particular, the method comprises making thin-film GaAs solar cells integrated with low-cost, thermoformed, lightweight and wide acceptance angle mini-CPCs. The fabrication combines ND-ELO thin film cells that are cold-welded to a foil substrate, and subsequently attached to the CPCs in an adhesive-free transfer printing process. There is also disclosed an improved photovoltaic device made by the disclosed method. The improved photovoltaic device comprises a thin-film solar integrated with non-tracking mini-compound parabolic concentrators, wherein the plastic compound parabolic concentrator comprise two parabolas tilted at an angle equal to the acceptance angle of the compound parabolic concentrator.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 6, 2015
    Date of Patent: November 27, 2018
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Kyusang Lee, Stephen R. Forrest
  • Patent number: 10141531
    Abstract: Disclosed herein are organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices comprising at least one hybrid planar-graded heterojunction. In particular, organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices are disclosed having two electrodes (110), (150) in superposed relation, a graded heterojunction layer (130) located between the two electrodes, and at least one photoactive layer (120), (140) adjacent to and interfacing with the graded heterojunction layer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 27, 2013
    Date of Patent: November 27, 2018
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Jeramy D. Zimmerman, Brian E. Lassiter, Xin Xiao
  • Publication number: 20180294767
    Abstract: A solar tracking system for tracking the orientation of solar energy is disclosed. The solar tracking system may be integrated with solar cells and solar concentrators. The solar tracking system may have a first (22) and second (24) tracker module array that are opposite from another, aligned in substantially identical orientation, and form a tracker module pair array (1000). Tracker module pairs (12, 14; 12, 144) may allow motion relative to one another while maintaining substantially identical orientation. Solar concentrators may be attached to opposing tracker modules of a tracker module pair forming an array of solar concentrators. A base bar array (28) may be coupled to at least one tracker module pair. A transmission may operably rotate the base bar array and the tracker module pair array simultaneously.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 5, 2016
    Publication date: October 11, 2018
    Inventors: Stephen R. FORREST, Kyusang LEE, Boning QU
  • Publication number: 20180287000
    Abstract: A solar concentrator apparatus for harnessing solar flux is disclosed. The solar concentrator apparatus has a parabolic body having a reflecting surface to receive incident light. The parabolic body and reflecting surface have an incident light flux cone, and a ball lens is positioned within at least a portion of the incident light flux cone. The ball lens has a refracted area and is configured to direct at least a portion of the incident light that is reflected by the reflecting surface of the parabolic body into the refracted area.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 2, 2016
    Publication date: October 4, 2018
    Inventors: Stephen R. FORREST, Kyusang LEE, Byungjun LEE
  • Patent number: 10074815
    Abstract: An organic light emitting device is disclosed in which the emissive dopant material in its organic emissive layer is an organic phosphorescent emissive material and a neat film of the organic phosphorescent emissive material is disposed between the organic emissive layer and the anode as an electron blocking layer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 31, 2016
    Date of Patent: September 11, 2018
    Assignees: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Jaesang Lee, Mark E. Thompson
  • Patent number: 10074820
    Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a photosensitive optoelectronic device comprising two electrodes, an inorganic subcell positioned between the two electrodes, wherein the inorganic subcell comprises at least one inorganic semiconductor material having a band gap energy (EG), and an organic sensitizing window layer disposed on the inorganic subcell. In one aspect, the organic sensitizing window layer comprises a singlet fission material. In another aspect, the organic sensitizing window layer comprises a singlet fission host and a phosphorescent emitter dopant, where the singlet fission host exhibits an excitation triplet energy (ET-SF) greater than or equal to an excitation triplet energy (ET-PE) exhibited by the phosphorescent emitter dopant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 26, 2013
    Date of Patent: September 11, 2018
    Assignees: University of Southern California, The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Mark E. Thompson
  • Patent number: 10069033
    Abstract: There is disclosed a method of preparing a photovoltaic device. In particular, the method comprises integrating epitaxial lift-off solar cells with mini-parabolic concentrator arrays via a printing method. Thus, there is disclosed a method comprising providing a growth substrate; depositing at least one protection layer on the growth substrate; depositing at least one sacrificial layer on the protection layer; depositing at least one photoactive cell on the sacrificial layer; etching a pattern of at least two parallel trenches that extend from the at least one photoactive cell to the sacrificial layer; depositing a metal on the at least one photoactive cell; bonding said metal to a host substrate; and removing the sacrificial layer with one or more etch steps. The host substrate can be a siloxane, which when rolled, can form a stamp used to integrate solar cells into concentrator arrays. There are also disclosed a method of making a growth substrate and the growth substrate made therefrom.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 15, 2015
    Date of Patent: September 4, 2018
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Kyusang Lee, Dejiu Fan, Jeramy Zimmerman
  • Patent number: 10069095
    Abstract: Disclosed herein are organic photosensitive devices including at least one exciton-blocking charge carrier filter. The filters comprise a mixture of at least one wide energy gap material and at least one electron or hole conducting material. As described herein, the novel filters simultaneously block excitons and conduct the desired charge carrier (electrons or holes).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 14, 2014
    Date of Patent: September 4, 2018
    Assignees: University of Southern California, The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Xin Xiao, Jeramy D. Zimmerman, Kevin Bergemann, Anurag Panda, Brian E. Lassiter, Mark E. Thompson, Andrew N. Bartynski, Cong Trinh
  • Patent number: 10062738
    Abstract: Devices including organic and inorganic LEDs are provided. Techniques for fabricating the devices include fabricating an inorganic LED on a parent substrate and transferring the LED to a host substrate via a non-destructive ELO process. Scaling techniques are also provided, in which an elastomeric substrate is deformed to achieve a desired display size.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 26, 2014
    Date of Patent: August 28, 2018
    Assignee: The Regents of The University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Kyusang Lee
  • Patent number: 10038167
    Abstract: An organic light emitting device is described. In certain embodiments, the device has a transparent substrate, a transparent grid layer disposed over the substrate, and an OLED disposed over the grid layer. The OLED can include an anode, a cathode, and at least one organic layer between the anode and cathode. A refractive index of the transparent grid layer is less than or equal to a refractive index of the transparent substrate. In certain embodiments, the at least one organic layer includes an electron transport layer having a thickness of at least 50 nm. In certain embodiments, the refractive index of the transparent grid layer is less than n=1.20, or in certain embodiments, less than n=1.05. Methods of manufacturing an organic light emitting device are also described.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 8, 2016
    Date of Patent: July 31, 2018
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Yue Qu, Michael Slootsky
  • Patent number: 10032812
    Abstract: A method is presented for fabricating an array of sensors on an object having a non-developable surface. The method includes: growing an epitaxial structure on a substrate; bonding, without the use of an adhesive, the epitaxial structure to a flexible membrane to form a device structure; forming an array of sensors from the epitaxial structure of the device structure using photolithographic techniques; cutting the device structure into segments; and bonding the segments onto the target object.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 6, 2017
    Date of Patent: July 24, 2018
    Assignee: The Regents of The University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Kyusang Lee
  • Publication number: 20180190927
    Abstract: Arrangements and techniques for providing organic emissive layers are provided, in which the emissive layer includes a first dopant having a dissociative energy level. A second dopant in the emissive layer provides a solid state sink energy level, to which doubly excited excitons and/or polarons may transition instead of to the dissociative energy level, thereby decreasing the undesirable effects of transitions to the dissociative energy level.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 22, 2018
    Publication date: July 5, 2018
    Inventors: Stephen R. FORREST, Michael SLOOTSKY, Mark E. THOMPSON
  • Patent number: 9978968
    Abstract: Disclosed herein are processes for fabricating organic photosensitive optoelectronic devices with a vertical compositionally graded organic active layer. The processes use either a single-stamp or double-stamp printing technique to transfer the vertical compositionally graded organic active layer from a starting substrate to a device layer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 27, 2014
    Date of Patent: May 22, 2018
    Assignees: The Regents of the University of Michigan, Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation, Dankook University
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Jun Yeob Lee, Yong Joo Cho
  • Publication number: 20180114803
    Abstract: A method is presented for fabricating an array of sensors on an object having a non-developable surface. The method includes: growing an epitaxial structure on a substrate; bonding, without the use of an adhesive, the epitaxial structure to a flexible membrane to form a device structure; forming an array of sensors from the epitaxial structure of the device structure using photolithographic techniques; cutting the device structure into segments; and bonding the segments onto the target object.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 6, 2017
    Publication date: April 26, 2018
    Inventors: Stephen R. FORREST, Kyusang LEE
  • Publication number: 20180097202
    Abstract: A number of new solutions for enhancing the extraction of waveguided mode and suppressing surface plasmon polariton mode in OLEDs are disclosed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 3, 2017
    Publication date: April 5, 2018
    Applicant: Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Yue Qu
  • Patent number: 9929365
    Abstract: Arrangements and techniques for providing organic emissive layers are provided, in which the emissive layer includes a first dopant having a dissociative energy level. A second dopant in the emissive layer provides a solid state sink energy level, to which doubly excited excitons and/or polarons may transition instead of to the dissociative energy level, thereby decreasing the undesirable effects of transitions to the dissociative energy level.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 28, 2015
    Date of Patent: March 27, 2018
    Assignees: The Regents of the University of Michigan, The University of Southern California
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Michael Slootsky, Mark E. Thompson
  • Publication number: 20180047922
    Abstract: A method of fabricating a multi-junction photosensitive device is provided. The method may include fabricating at least two photoactive layers, wherein at least one photoactive layer is fabricated on a transparent substrate, and at least one photoactive layer is fabricated on a reflective substrate, patterning at least one optical filter layer on at least one photoactive layer fabricated on a transparent substrate, and bonding the at least two photoactive layers using cold weld or van der Waals bonding. A multi-junction photosensitive device is also provided. The device may have at least two photoactive layers, and at least one optical filter layer, wherein at least two layers are bonded using cold weld or van der Waals bonding. The optical filter layer may be a Distributed Bragg Reflector.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 29, 2016
    Publication date: February 15, 2018
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Kyusang Lee
  • Publication number: 20180047627
    Abstract: Disclosed herein are methods to eliminate or reduce the peeling-off of epitaxial lifted-off thin film epilayers on secondary host substrates that allow for the fabrication of high yield ELO processed thin film devices. The methods employ patterned strain-relief trenches.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 18, 2016
    Publication date: February 15, 2018
    Inventors: Stephen R. FORREST, Kyusang LEE, Dejiu FAN
  • Publication number: 20180030588
    Abstract: A first device is provided. The device includes a print head. The print head further includes a first nozzle hermetically sealed to a first source of gas. The first nozzle has an aperture having a smallest dimension of 0.5 to 500 microns in a direction perpendicular to a flow direction of the first nozzle. At a distance from the aperture into the first nozzle that is 5 times the smallest dimension of the aperture of the first nozzle, the smallest dimension perpendicular to the flow direction is at least twice the smallest dimension of the aperture of the first nozzle.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 29, 2017
    Publication date: February 1, 2018
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Gregory McGraw
  • Patent number: 9853247
    Abstract: Embodiments of the disclosed subject matter provide a device with a base having an opening, and a plurality of organic light emitting devices (OLEDs) disposed on a plurality of substrates and arranged in a light directing structure onto the base, where the opening of the base is a light exit aperture of light output by the plurality of OLEDs.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 11, 2015
    Date of Patent: December 26, 2017
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Jaesang Lee, Michael Slootsky, Stephen R. Forrest