Patents by Inventor Stephen R. Forrest

Stephen R. Forrest has filed for patents to protect the following inventions. This listing includes patent applications that are pending as well as patents that have already been granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO).

  • Patent number: 11837989
    Abstract: Implementations of the disclosed subject matter provide a window, an energy and light producing device including at least one transparent photovoltaic device and at least one non-transparent Organic Light Emitting Device (OLED) in an optical path of the window. A controller may control the operation of the non-transparent OLED of the energy and light producing device. An energy storage device may be electrically coupled to the controller and the energy and light producing device to store energy generated by the transparent photovoltaic device and to power the non-transparent OLED. In some implementations, a LED or OLED may be mounted in the frame of the window and may be powered by the energy storage device.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 29, 2021
    Date of Patent: December 5, 2023
    Assignee: Universal Display Corporation
    Inventors: Michael Hack, Stephen R. Forrest
  • Patent number: 11832475
    Abstract: A method of fabricating a light emitting device comprises providing a mold having an unpolished surface with an arithmetic mean roughness Ra in a range from 0.1 ?m to 10 ?m, depositing a thin polymer film over the surface of the mold, wherein the film has a thickness in a range from 1 ?m to 100 ?m, positioning a light emitting body onto the thin polymer film, wherein the light emitting body includes an anode, a cathode, and a light emitting layer positioned between the anode and the cathode, and separating the thin polymer film with the light emitting body from the mold. A light emitting device is also described.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 27, 2022
    Date of Patent: November 28, 2023
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Yue Qu, Xiaheng Huang, Stephen R. Forrest
  • Patent number: 11832504
    Abstract: A method for fabricating an organic electronic device comprises providing a plurality of photoresist structures on a substrate, the substrate having a first electrode layer, the photoresist structures having a bottom surface attached to the substrate and a top surface opposite the bottom surface, the top surface having a dimension greater than a dimension of the bottom surface, positioning a mask over the structures, the mask having a plurality of openings, and depositing an emissive material over the substrate through at least one of the plurality of openings to form at least one emissive element. An organic electronic device and a method of fabricating an organic electronic component are also described.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 20, 2020
    Date of Patent: November 28, 2023
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventor: Stephen R. Forrest
  • Patent number: 11825687
    Abstract: An OLED device comprises a substrate, a first electrode positioned over the substrate, a second electrode positioned over the first electrode, at least one emissive layer positioned between the first and second electrodes in a first region of the OLED device, and a multilayer dielectric reflector stack, comprising a plurality of dielectric reflector layers positioned between the substrate and the first electrode, wherein the multilayer dielectric reflector stack is configured to form an optical cavity with the emissive layer having a Purcell Factor of at least 3.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 10, 2020
    Date of Patent: November 21, 2023
    Assignees: The Regents of the University of Michigan, The University of Southern California
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Yue Qu, Haonan Zhao, Mark E. Thompson
  • Patent number: 11744138
    Abstract: Disclosed herein are organic photosensitive optoelectronic device comprising a first layer comprising one or more of a first layer material, a second layer comprising one or more of a second layer material, and a third layer comprising one or more of a third layer material. The second layer may be dissolved in a semi-orthogonal solvent. The first layer and the third layer may be very slightly soluble or practically insoluble in the semi-orthogonal solvent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 1, 2020
    Date of Patent: August 29, 2023
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Brian E. Lassiter, Jeramy D. Zimmerman
  • Patent number: 11744089
    Abstract: There is disclosed an organic photovoltaic device comprising at least one first subcell comprising at least one first small molecular weight material deposited by solution processing, and at least one second subcell comprising a weight at least one second small molecular material deposited by vacuum evaporation. Also disclosed herein is a method for preparing an organic photovoltaic device comprising at least one first subcell comprising at least one first small molecular weight material and at least one second subcell comprising at least one second small molecular weight material, the method comprising depositing at least one first small weight material by solution processing; and depositing at least one second small weight material by vacuum evaporation.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 19, 2013
    Date of Patent: August 29, 2023
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Brian Lassiter
  • Patent number: 11744097
    Abstract: Arrangements and techniques for providing organic emissive layers are provided, in which the emissive layer includes a first dopant having a dissociative energy level. A second dopant in the emissive layer provides a solid state sink energy level, to which doubly excited excitons and/or polarons may transition instead of to the dissociative energy level, thereby decreasing the undesirable effects of transitions to the dissociative energy level.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 11, 2021
    Date of Patent: August 29, 2023
    Assignees: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Michael Slootsky, Mark E. Thompson
  • Patent number: 11737293
    Abstract: An organic photovoltaic device comprises a substrate, a reflector positioned over the substrate, a first electrode positioned over at least a first portion of the reflector, a polaritonic antenna layer positioned over a second portion of the reflector different from the first portion, electrically connected to the first electrode, and at least one unit reaction cell positioned over at least part of the first electrode, the at least one unit reaction cell comprising a heterojunction layer comprising a donor material and an acceptor material, positioned over the first electrode, and a second electrode positioned over the heterojunction, wherein the polaritonic antenna and the reflector are configured to convert incoming photonic energy to polaritons. A method of fabricating an organic photovoltaic device is also disclosed.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 8, 2022
    Date of Patent: August 22, 2023
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Shaocong Hou, Stephen R. Forrest, Bin Liu
  • Publication number: 20230255047
    Abstract: An OLED comprises a first electrode, an emissive layer positioned over the first electrode, a charge transport layer positioned over the emissive layer, and a second electrode positioned over the charge transport layer, wherein the charge transport layer is in direct contact with the second electrode, and wherein the charge transport layer has an index of refraction of at least 1.7. An OLED comprises a cavity formed between first and second metal electrodes, an organic light emitting element positioned within the cavity, and an efficiency enhancement layer positioned between the organic light emitting element and the second silver electrode, the efficiency enhancement layer having a refractive index of at least 1.7.
    Type: Application
    Filed: January 20, 2023
    Publication date: August 10, 2023
    Inventors: Haonan Zhao, Stephen R. FORREST
  • Patent number: 11716864
    Abstract: An organic optoelectronic device comprises a substrate having first and second regions, a first electrode positioned over the first region of the substrate, a shutter electrode positioned over the second region of the substrate, an organic heterojunction layer comprising an organic heterojunction material, positioned over at least a portion of the first electrode, an insulator layer positioned over at least a portion of the shutter electrode, an organic channel layer, comprising an organic channel material, positioned over at least a portion of the heterojunction and insulator layers, and a second electrode positioned over the channel layer in the second region of the substrate, wherein the shutter electrode is configured to generate a repulsive potential barrier in the channel layer, suitable to at least reduce movement of charge in the channel layer. A method of measuring received light in an optoelectronic device is also described.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 3, 2020
    Date of Patent: August 1, 2023
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Caleb Coburn, Dejiu Fan
  • Publication number: 20230210006
    Abstract: Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and their compositions are described herein. In one or more embodiments, the acceptor with an active layer of an OPV includes is a non-fullerene acceptor. Such non-fullerene acceptors may provide improved OPV performance characteristics such as improved power conversion efficiency, open circuit voltage, fill factor, short circuit current, and/or external quantum efficiency. One example of a non-fullerene acceptor is (4,4,10,10-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-5,11-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-4,10-dihydro-dithienyl[1,2-b:4,5b?]benzodi-thiophene-2,8-diyl) bis(2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-5,6-dichloro-1-ylidene) malononitrile.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 21, 2023
    Publication date: June 29, 2023
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Yongxi Li
  • Publication number: 20230180602
    Abstract: Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and their compositions are described herein. one or more embodiments, the acceptor with an active layer of an OPV includes is a non-fullerene acceptor. Such non-fullerene acceptors may provide improved OPV performance characteristics such as improved power conversion efficiency, open circuit voltage, fill factor, short circuit current, and/or external quantum efficiency.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 2, 2023
    Publication date: June 8, 2023
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Yongxi Li
  • Publication number: 20230133787
    Abstract: A compound having a surface region of highly negative electrostatic potential, which comprises a ligand LA represented by Formula I may be used in organic electroluminescent devices (OLEDs) and consumer products. Transition metal complexes comprising the ligand LA of Formula I may promote molecular alignment of dopants in OLEDs.
    Type: Application
    Filed: June 2, 2022
    Publication date: May 4, 2023
    Inventors: Moon Chul JUNG, John W. FACENDOLA, Jongchan KIM, Peter I. DJUROVICH, Stephen R. FORREST, Mark E. THOMPSON
  • Publication number: 20230094133
    Abstract: A number of new solutions for enhancing the extraction of waveguided mode and suppressing surface plasmon polariton mode in OLEDs are disclosed. For example, an OLED is disclosed that includes: a substrate having a first side and a second side; a reflective layer disposed over the first side of the substrate; a grid layer consisting of two optically transparent materials with different refractive indices disposed on the reflective layer; a transparent first electrode provided over the grid layer; an organic emissive layer provided over the transparent first electrode; and a transparent second electrode provided over the organic emissive layer, where the grid layer scatters trapped waveguided modes from the organic emissive layer.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 17, 2022
    Publication date: March 30, 2023
    Applicant: Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. FORREST, Yue QU
  • Publication number: 20230088880
    Abstract: An organic photovoltaic device comprises a first electrode, at least one organic heterojunction layer positioned over the first electrode, a second electrode positioned over the organic heterojunction layer, and a thin film stack positioned over the second electrode, comprising a plurality of sublayers of a first dielectric material alternating with a plurality of sublayers of a second dielectric material, wherein at least one of the plurality of sublayers of the first dielectric material has a thickness that is different from another of the plurality of sublayers of the first dielectric material, wherein the organic photovoltaic device has a mean transmittance of between 10% and 100% for light between 420 nm and 670 nm, with a variance of ±10%, and wherein an index contrast between the sublayers in the thin film stack is at least 0.1. A method of fabricating an organic photovoltaic device is also disclosed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 15, 2022
    Publication date: March 23, 2023
    Inventors: Stephen R. FORREST, Hafiz K.M. Sheriff, JR.
  • Publication number: 20230092459
    Abstract: An organic light emitting device (OLED) comprises a substrate layer, a sub-electrode microlens array (SEMLA) at least partially embedded in the substrate layer comprising a plurality of microlenses, a first electrode layer over the substrate layer, a light emitting layer over the first electrode layer, and a second electrode layer over the light emitting layer. The device can further include a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) layer between the substrate and first electrode layers and/or a Purcell Factor (PF) enhancement layer over the second electrode layer, comprising at least one layer pair including a silver mirror electrode and a metal-dielectric layer. Related methods are also disclosed.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 15, 2022
    Publication date: March 23, 2023
    Inventors: Haonan Zhao, Claire Arneson, Stephen R. FORREST
  • Publication number: 20230091551
    Abstract: An organic light emitting device comprises an anode, a first hole transport layer positioned over the anode, a barrier transport layer positioned over the first hole transport layer, a second hole transport layer positioned over the barrier transport layer, at least one emissive layer positioned over the second hole transport layer, and a cathode positioned over the at least one emissive layer.
    Type: Application
    Filed: September 22, 2022
    Publication date: March 23, 2023
    Inventors: Boning Qu, Stephen R. FORREST
  • Patent number: 11605787
    Abstract: Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and their compositions are described herein. In one or more embodiments, the acceptor with an active layer of an OPV includes is a non-fullerene acceptor. Such non-fullerene acceptors may provide improved OPV performance characteristics such as improved power conversion efficiency, open circuit voltage, fill factor, short circuit current, and/or external quantum efficiency. One example of a non-fullerene acceptor is (4,4,10,10-tetrakis(4-hexylphenyl)-5,11-(2-ethylhexyloxy)-4,10-dihydro-dithienyl[1,2-b:4,5b?] benzodi-thiophene-2,8-diyl) bis(2-(3-oxo-2,3-dihydroinden-5,6-dichloro-1-ylidene) malononitrile.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 5, 2018
    Date of Patent: March 14, 2023
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Stephen R. Forrest, Yongxi Li, Xiao Liu
  • Patent number: 11594686
    Abstract: Organic photovoltaic cells (OPVs) and their compositions are described herein. one or more embodiments, the acceptor with an active layer of an OPV includes is a non-fullerene acceptor. Such non-fullerene acceptors may provide improved OPV performance characteristics such as improved power conversion efficiency, open circuit voltage, fill factor, short circuit current, and/or external quantum efficiency.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 1, 2021
    Date of Patent: February 28, 2023
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Xiaheng Huang, Yongxi Li, Stephen R. Forrest
  • Patent number: 11569777
    Abstract: Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) systems and devices with improved efficiencies are disclosed herein. In one example, a thermophotovoltaic (TPV) cell includes an active layer; a back-surface reflective (BSR) layer; and a spacer layer positioned between the active layer and back-surface reflective layer.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 27, 2019
    Date of Patent: January 31, 2023
    Assignee: The Regents of the University of Michigan
    Inventors: Andrej Lenert, Stephen R. Forrest, Tobias Eugene Burger, Deiju Fan, Kyusang Lee