Abstract: A silver halide photographic element, and a method of making such an element, comprising a tabular grain silver halide emulsion containing at least one green spectral sensitizing dye of formula I, and at least one green spectral sensitizing dye of formula II: wherein R1 and R2 may be the same or different and are selected from substituted or unsubstituted C1 or C2 alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted C1 or C2 alkoxy, halogen, substituted or unsubstituted amido, or carbamoyl or substituted or unsubstituted aryl, provided that R1 and R2 are not both aryl, and the benzo back rings may optionally be further substituted; X3 is a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C3 alkyl or alkenyl; X1 and X2 are acid or acid salt substituted C1 to C6 alkyl or alkenyl which may be further substituted or unsubstituted; M+ is a positive ion as required to balance the charge; where R3 and R4 may be the same or different and represent substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or alkenyl of 1 to 4 c

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are provided for automatically collecting a sample of cow's breath. The apparatus comprises an inlet (5) in an animal stall, e.g. a cattle stall, which is connected to collecting or analysing apparatus. A sensor (16) is provided for sensing a flow of breath into the apparatus. A food incentive is automatically dispensed when the sensor is activated, thereby inducing the animal to provide a breath sample. A method for training an animal to use the apparatus is also described, comprising the distribution of food incentives in the locality of the apparatus at random time intervals, together with the gradual increasing of the length and/or strength of exhalation necessary to result in the dispensing of food incentive.

Abstract: An apparatus, interposed between and attached to a drive vehicle and an object to be moved, dampens the force (drive, resistance, inertia, etc.) between them. The apparatus has a rigid structure which is capable of transferring the large forces required to pull the object, from the drive vehicle to the object, but uses damping to moderate the impact of the forces on the drive vehicle/object combination.

Abstract: A torque-based clutch engagement controller for achieving smooth friction clutch engagement in a multiple-ratio transmission for an automotive vehicle driveline comprising a torque measuring circuit that determines torque inputs for the controller as a function of measured engine torque and turbine acceleration, means for determining the torque commanded by the vehicle operator as a function of engine throttle position, means for comparing the desired torque commanded by the operator to the input torque values, and means for converting the torque values to a pressure value as a function of the difference between the desired torque and the input torque whereby the pressure developed by the system applies a friction clutch so that engagement of the clutch occurs rapidly with optimum smoothness.

Abstract: The method and system of the present invention solves the problems of the prior art by creating several components to detect and correct an out of date component. A component is considered out of date if one of the constituent files is newer than the components. At that point a build of the component is in order. A component dependent on another is considered out of date if the public interfaces to the component change. The interfaces of the dependent component do not necessarily have to be used by the component in question to affect the build situation. A component is considered up to date if all constituent files have a time stamp earlier than the component and no dependent components have changed their interfaces. Each of the components involved will act upon one of the situations to determine if a build should be done.

Abstract: A low NOx combustor and method improve dynamic stability of a combustion flame fed by a fuel and air mixture. The combustor includes a chamber having a dome at one end thereof to which are joined a plurality of premixers. Each premixer includes a duct with a swirler therein for swirling air, and a plurality of fuel injectors for injecting fuel into the swirled air for flow into the combustion chamber to generate a combustion flame therein. The fuel injectors are axially staged at different axial distances from the dome to uncouple the fuel from combustion to reduce dynamic pressure amplitude of the combustion flame.

Abstract: A self-organizing fuzzy logic controller develops an adaptive pressure adder that modifies the magnitude of pressure supplied to a friction element of an automatic transmission. The controller uses a turbine speed versus engine torque table in KAM to store the adaptive pressure adder for each shift. Tables in KAM represent fuzzy rules which are altered based on shift performance criteria to produce a self-organizing fuzzy logic controller. The criteria, which define shift performance, include the ratio change slip time and the initial ratio change time divided by the desired slip time (called target ratio). The desired slip time is determined from a calibratable matrix. After a shifting event, an adaptive pressure adjustment is determined for the next shifting event having the same conditions. A two-input (slip time and target ratio) fuzzy logic controller is used to determine the pressure adjustment.

Abstract: A retainer frame for holding a standard printed circuit board or other electronic card is sized and adapted for insertion and removal in tight places. In particular, the retainer frame, together with an actuator bar, is employed in conjunction with a cabinet with guides and a stop mechanism to produce an initially horizontal insertion motion followed immediately by a vertical motion during which electrical connection is made between the card and a corresponding connector in the cabinet.

Abstract: The change in thickness of a film on an underlying body such as a semiconductor substrate is monitored in situ by inducing a current in the film, and as the thickness of the film changes (either increase or decrease), the changes in the current are detected. With a conductive film, eddy currents are induced in the film by a generating an alternating electromagnetic field with a sensor which includes a capacitor and an inductor.

Abstract: A photographic element having a silver halide emulsion spectrally sensitized to blue light by a dye of formula (I) to have a maximum blue sensitivity at less than 485 nm. The dye allows the element to have good color reproduction while still providing good speed response despite the shorter blue sensitivity. Formula (I) is: ##STR1## wherein: X and X' each independently represent the atoms necessary to complete a thiazole, benzothiazole, naphthothiazole, oxazole, benzoxazole, naphthoxazole, selenazole, benzoselenazole, naphthoselenazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, or naphtho-imidazole, and X may be further substituted and X' substituted or unsubstituted;Z.sub.1 represents a pyrrole, furan or thiophene containing group;R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 each independently represent substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbon containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms; andA represents a counter-ion as needed to balance a charge of the molecule.

Abstract: A personal watercraft having a hull with a plurality of strakes and an inboard internal combustion engine which powers a jet-pump propulsion drive for propelling the watercraft through a body of water. The watercraft includes an exhaust system, that is in fluid communication with the engine, which terminates at a number of rearwardly facing exhaust outlets. Each of the outlets is positioned in the hull adjoining one of the strakes' rearward end, thus being located below the water's surface when the hull is in its normal upright position.

Abstract: A liquid delivery nozzle having a circular dispersion plate having an upwardly facing concave side spaced from an output end or orifice of a tube connected to a water supply which may deliver water to the output end at a pressure in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 bars. The water issuing from the output end impacts on the concave side and spreads thereover to fly off the periphery of the plate in the form of drops having little or no vertical velocity component. The major part of the water issuing from the tube is converted into large drops of at least 0.7 mm in diameter. The nozzle can be used in an installation to prevent, suppress or impede the occurrence or development of explosions.

Abstract: A combustor cooperating with a compressor in driving a gas turbine includes a cylindrical outer combustor casing. A combustion liner, having an upstream rich section, a quench section and a downstream lean section, is disposed within the outer combustor casing defining a combustion chamber having at least a core quench region and an outer quench region. A first plurality of quench holes are disposed within the liner at the quench section having a first diameter to provide cooling jet penetration to the core region of the quench section of the combustion chamber. A second plurality of quench holes are disposed within the liner at the quench section having a second diameter to provide cooling jet penetration to the outer region of the quench section of the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A method of sensitizing a silver halide emulsion comprises the steps of:a) forming a co-dispersion of a first sensitizing dye and a second sensitizing dye in an aqueous medium, wherein the peak absorptance of the second dye is at least 10 nm different from the peak absorptance of the first dye, and wherein the ratio of the first dye to the second dye is from about 0.1 to 20; andb) incorporating the resulting co-dispersion in a silver halide emulsion.

Abstract: A combustor liner includes an inner layer for facing combustion gases, and an opposite outer layer for facing a cooling fluid. The outer layer has a greater coefficient of thermal conductivity than the inner layer for reducing temperature gradients in the liner. In a preferred embodiment, the outer layer significantly reduces temperature gradients in the liner which are caused by the varying cooling ability of impingement cooling air jets for more uniformly cooling the combustor liner and reducing the maximum temperature thereof.

Abstract: A self-organizing fuzzy logic controller develops an adaptive pressure adder that modifies the magnitude of pressure supplied to a friction element of an automatic transmission. The controller uses a turbine speed versus engine torque table in KAM to store the adaptive pressure adder for each shift. Tables in KAM represent fuzzy rules which are altered based on shift performance criteria to produce a self-organizing fuzzy logic controller. The criteria, which define shift performance, include the ratio change slip time and torque converter turbine speed flare. The desired slip time is determined from a calibratable matrix. After a shifting event, an adaptive pressure adjustment is determined for the next shifting event of the same types. A two-input (slip time and turbine speed flare) fuzzy logic controller is used to determine the pressure adjustment. The adaptive pressure adjustment from the fuzzy controller is then increased if stage time is greater than a calibratable value.

Abstract: A low NOx combustor and method improve dynamic stability of a combustion flame fed by a fuel and air mixture. The combustor includes a chamber having a dome at one end thereof to which are joined a plurality of premixers. Each premixer includes a duct with a swirler therein for swirling air, and a plurality of fuel injectors for injecting fuel into the swirled air for flow into the combustion chamber to generate a combustion flame therein. The fuel injectors are axially staged at different axial distances from the dome to uncouple the fuel from combustion to reduce dynamic pressure amplitude of the combustion flame.

Abstract: A self-organizing fuzzy logic controller develops an adaptive pressure adder that modifies the magnitude of pressure supplied to a friction element of an automatic transmission. The controller uses a turbine speed versus engine torque table in KAM to store the adaptive pressure adder for each shift. Tables in KAM represent fuzzy rules which are altered based on shift performance criteria to produce a self-organizing fuzzy logic controller. The criteria, which define shift performance, include the ratio change slip time and the initial ratio change time divided by the desired slip time (called target ratio). The desired slip time is determined from a calibratable matrix. After a shifting event, an adaptive pressure adjustment is determined for the next shifting event having the same conditions. A two-input (slip time and target ratio) fuzzy logic controller is used to determine the pressure adjustment.

Abstract: A combustor comprises a hollow body defining a combustion chamber. The hollow body is typically annular in form and includes an outer liner, an inner liner, and an upstream dome plate. The dome plate includes a swirl cup with a mixer disposed therein to provide uniform mixing of fuel and air. The mixer comprises an inner swirler and an outer swirler that are mounted in the swirl cup. The outer swirler includes solid vanes. A shroud surrounds the mixer at the upstream end, which shroud includes an annular fuel chamber. The shroud further includes a number of axial fuel injection fuel injection openings that provide flow communication between the annular fuel chamber and the mixer and radially inject fuel within the mixer.