Abstract: Energy storage devices, battery cells, and batteries of the present technology may include a first current collector and a second current collector. The batteries may include an anode material coupled with the first current collector. The batteries may include a cathode material coupled with the second current collector. The batteries may also include a polymeric material coupled between the cathode material and the anode material. The polymeric material may be characterized by a cationic backbone. The polymeric material may be configured to selectively provide anionic transport across the polymeric material while limiting cationic transport across the polymeric material.

Abstract: A battery pack that includes a cell array, a set of first cells of the cell array disposed within the battery pack as one or more first groups of electrically coupled cells, and a set of second cells of the cell array disposed within the module housing as one or more second groups of electrically coupled cells. The set of first cells have a first chemistry, the set of second cells have a second chemistry different from the first chemistry, and the set of first cells are interleaved with the set of second cells inside the battery pack.

Abstract: Energy storage devices, battery cells, and batteries of the present technology may include a first current collector and a second current collector. The batteries may include an anode material coupled with the first current collector. The batteries may include a cathode material coupled with the second current collector. The batteries may also include a polymeric material coupled between the cathode material and the anode material. The polymeric material may be characterized by a cationic backbone. The polymeric material may be configured to selectively provide anionic transport across the polymeric material while limiting cationic transport across the polymeric material.

Abstract: A cap assembly that includes a cap plate having an upper surface and a lower surface, the cap plate being formed to seal an opening of a cell case and to have a terminal hole, an electrode terminal inserted into the terminal hole, and an insulator positioned between the cap plate and the electrode terminal and inserted into the terminal hole, with the insulator making contact with the lower surface of the cap plate. The insulator has a first unibody structure and insulates the electrode terminal from the cap plate.

Abstract: An anode-free cell that includes a cathode and a separator-collector-separator structure. The separator-collector-separator structure includes a perforated anode current collector, and a polymer layer contiguously disposed on both surfaces of the perforated anode current collector through perforations in the perforated anode current collector. The polymer layer is a binder.

Abstract: Energy storage systems, battery cells, and batteries of the present technology may include an abatement system for addressing effluent vapors produced by a cell block. The systems may include support structures configured to address vented effluents, and may include oxidants, catalysts, or entrainment systems to assist with the abatement.

Abstract: Energy storage devices, battery cells, and rechargeable batteries of the present technology may include an anode and a cathode. The battery cells may include a separator positioned between the anode and the cathode. The battery cells may include an electrolyte incorporated with the anode and the cathode. The battery cells may also include a pseudo-reference electrode at least partially in contact with the electrolyte. The pseudo-reference electrode may be positioned between layers of the separator.

Abstract: Methods and systems for providing controlling in a repeatable manner a plurality of anode-free or lithium metal cells in a power-supply system. The cells are connected in series in one or more high energy density hybrid modules connected in parallel. Each high energy density hybrid module includes a corresponding hybrid module controller (HMC) and has a corresponding bi-directional DC-DC-converter, and each cell of the plurality of cells is independently measurable by the HMC. The corresponding bi-directional DC-DC-converter is used to charge and discharge of the plurality of cells in a repeatable manner to be within a selected state of charge (SOC) range that corresponds to a defined cycle life and energy density requirement.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to an apparatus comprising a substrate and a composition disposed on the substrate. The catalyst comprises a polypropylene carbonate (PPC) and a catalyst selected from the group consisting of an acid with a pKa less than or equal to 1 in water, a phase transfer catalyst, and a metal salt. The substrate and composition can be used in insulators between batteries, for example in a battery pack.

Abstract: Energy storage devices, battery cells, and batteries of the present technology may include a first current collector including a material characterized by a maximum corrosion current in an aqueous electrolyte below or about 2 mA/cm2. The batteries may include a cathode material coupled with the first current collector. The batteries may include a second current collector, and may include an anode material coupled with the second current collector. The batteries may also include an aqueous electrolyte characterized by a pH greater than or about 14.

Abstract: Energy storage devices, battery cells, and batteries of the present technology may include a first current collector and a second current collector. The batteries may include an anode material coupled with the first current collector. The batteries may include a cathode material coupled with the second current collector. The batteries may also include a separator positioned between the cathode material and the anode material. The batteries may include a hydrogen-scavenger material incorporated within the anode active material or the cathode active material. The hydrogen scavenger material may absorb or react with hydrogen at a temperature above or about 20° C.

Abstract: A bipolar battery including a first electrochemical cell and a second electrochemical cell is provided.

Abstract: Energy storage devices, battery cells, and rechargeable batteries of the present technology may include an anode and a cathode. The battery cells may include a separator positioned between the anode and the cathode. The battery cells may include an electrolyte incorporated with the anode and the cathode. The battery cells may also include a pseudo-reference electrode at least partially in contact with the electrolyte. The pseudo-reference electrode may be electrically isolated from the anode and the cathode.

Abstract: The disclosed technology relates to a battery that utilizes a casted-in-place busbar to connect tabs of a battery cell with tabs of an adjacent cell. The busbar includes a first conductive material that is in direct contact with the tabs. The first conductive material is different from at least one of a material of the cathode tabs and a material of the anode tabs.

Abstract: The disclosed technology relates to a battery that utilizes a singular encapsulant layer to seal a plurality of sets of electrodes within individual compartments of an enclosure. The battery includes a plurality of sets of electrodes, an enclosure having a plurality of compartments, wherein each compartment is configured to receive a corresponding set of electrodes, and a singular encapsulant layer disposed over the plurality of compartments. The encapsulant layer seals each set of electrodes within its respective compartment, seals the electrolyte disposed within each compartment, and fully encapsulates an electrical connection between the sets of electrodes.

Abstract: Batteries are described that include a cathode material, and anode material, and a polymeric material that separates the cathode material from the anode material. The polymeric material has hydroxide ion conductivity of at least about 50 mS/cm, and a diffusion ration of hydroxide ions to at least one type of metal ion of at least about 10:1. Also described are methods of making a battery that include forming a layer of polymeric material between a first electrode and second electrode of the battery. In additional methods, the polymeric material is coated on at least one of the electrodes of the battery. In further methods, the polymeric material is admixed with at least one of the electrode materials to make a composite electrode material that is incorporated into the electrode.

Abstract: A redox mediator-containing electrolyte incorporated into a battery cell is described. The redox mediator-containing electrolyte includes water, at least one hydroxide salt dissolved in the water, and at least one redox mediator incorporated into the water. The at least one redox mediator increases at least one of a rate capability or a cycle life of the battery cell by at least 10%. Also described are battery cells that may include a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and the redox mediator-containing electrolyte. The battery cells may further include an ion-selective material that diffuses hydroxide ions through the material at a faster rate than at least one of the redox mediators.

Abstract: The invention(s) cover a sensor and method of fabrication, the sensor including: a substrate; and a distribution of nanoparticles patterned onto the substrate as a set of regions. In variations, the sensor 100 can further include one or more channels in fluid communication with the distribution of nanoparticles. In variations, different nanoparticle regions can be optionally functionalized with different probe molecules in order to provide additional functionality with respect to the assay(s) being performed using the sensor 100. Additionally or alternatively, in variations, unoccupied regions of the substrate 110 and/or nanoparticle surfaces can optionally include passivated surfaces to prevent non-specific binding, without significantly shifting the LSPR wavelength, in order to significantly improve signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) provided by the sensor. The sensor can be used for performance of multiplexed assays (e.g., for infectious disease panels) with processing of different types of sample material.

Abstract: Described herein are materials for use in electrolytes that provide a number of desirable characteristics when implemented within batteries, such as high stability during battery cycling up to high temperatures, high voltages, high discharge capacity, high coulombic efficiency, and excellent retention of discharge capacity and coulombic efficiency over several cycles of charging and discharging. In some embodiments, a high voltage electrolyte includes a base electrolyte and a set of additive compounds, which impart these desirable performance characteristics.

Abstract: A composition for forming an electrode. The composition includes a hybrid active material compound doped with a dopant. The hybrid active material comprises the reaction product of a metal fluoride compound and a metal complex. A method of making the composition is included.