Abstract: A non-volatile memory system may include a tracking module that tracks logic values of bits to be stored in memory elements identified as unreliable. A record of the logic values may be generated. During decoding of the data, a log likelihood ratio module may use the record to assign log likelihood ratio values for the decoding.

Abstract: A ring with a biometric sensor is provided. In one embodiment, the ring comprises a ring body, a biometric sensor positioned in the ring body and configured to sense a biometric feature, a memory configured to store a biometric feature of an authorized user, and a controller. The controller is configured to determine whether the biometric feature sensed by the biometric sensor matches the biometric feature stored in the memory, and in response to determining that the biometric feature sensed by the biometric sensor matches the biometric feature stored in the memory, enable a function of the ring.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory system may include a tracking module that tracks logic values of bits to be stored in memory elements identified as unreliable. A record of the logic values may be generated. During decoding of the data, a log likelihood ratio module may use the record to assign log likelihood ratio values for the decoding.

Abstract: In embodiments, apparatuses, methods and storage media are described that are associated with training adaptive speech recognition systems (“ASR”) using audio and text obtained from captioned video. In various embodiments, the audio and caption may be aligned for identification, such as according to a start and end time associated with a caption, and the alignment may be adjusted to better fit audio to a given caption. In various embodiments, the aligned audio and caption may then be used for training if an error value associated with the audio and caption demonstrates that the audio and caption will aid in training the ASR. In various embodiments, filters may be used on audio and text prior to training. Such filters may be used to exclude potential training audio and text based on filter criteria. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: In a system for enabling a user to access a product or service, resources for accessing the product or service, such as apps on a user device, are explored in a specified order. A relatively lower priority resource is not explored until it is determined that all higher priority resources are unavailable. Within the content corresponding to an available resource, the user can be readily directed to the portion of the content that is associated with the particular product or service.

Abstract: In a system for enabling a user to access a product or service, resources for accessing the product or service, such as apps on a user device, are explored in a specified order. A relatively lower priority resource is not explored until it is determined that all higher priority resources are unavailable. Within the content corresponding to an available resource, the user can be readily directed to the portion of the content that is associated with the particular product or service.

Abstract: A non-nematicidal composition comprises at least one glucan and/or at least one fucan which act individually or synergistically with mannitol to reduce losses in crop yield and marketable grade caused by the infestation of growth media with plant pathogenic nematodes, to levels equivalent to those achieved with commercial nematicides, but without posing a risk to the ecosystem or user. In some cases the composition comprises at least one glucan, at least one fucan and at least one mannitol which may be in a weight/weight ratio of approximately 1:2:3 of at least one glucan:at least one fucan:at least one mannitol or between approximately 1:1:1 to 1:1:3 of at least one glucan:at least one fucan:at least one mannitol.

Abstract: A method of modifying a particle that includes reacting a reactive compound having an X—[Y]n reactive group with a secondary compound N—S-ZM to form a substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S-ZM)b, and reacting the particle with the substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S-ZM)b to attach the substituted reactive intermediate to the surface of the particle to form a surface modified particle. The particle may comprise at least one of a dye particle, an inorganic pigment particle, an additive, or a combination thereof. X may be a sulfonyl, phosphoryl, or 1,3,5-triazinyl group. Y may be a halogen leaving group. N may be a nucleophilic group. S may be an organic group. ZM may be an ionizable end group. Also, n is an integer between 1 and 3, b is an integer between 1 and 3, and a=n?b. When n is equal to or greater than b, and wherein if b is 2 or 3, each N—S-ZM can be the same or different.

Abstract: A mixing console having a user interface displaying a path of one or more menu options based on a user's historical operation of the console. The mixing console having a computer in communication with a transceiver, the transceiver capable of communication with a server remotely located from the computer, the computer may receive a user log-in and monitor a selection of the one or more menu options from the user interface. The controller may record and rank the selection of the one or more menu options and output at the user interface the path of menu and submenu tabs based on the recorded and ranked selection of the one or more menu options. The computer may save to memory the list of menu and submenu item selections based on the user log-in.

Abstract: In a system for enabling a user to access a product or service, resources for accessing the product or service, such as apps on a user device, are explored in a specified order. A relatively lower priority resource is not explored until it is determined that all higher priority resources are unavailable. Within the content corresponding to an available resource, the user can be readily directed to the portion of the content that is associated with the particular product or service.

Abstract: In embodiments, apparatuses, methods and storage media are described that are associated with recognition of speech based on sequences of named entities. Language models may be trained as being associated with sequences of named entities. A language model may be selected for speech recognition after identification of one or more sequences of named entities by an initial language model. After identification of the one or more sequences of named entities, weights may be assigned to the one or more sequences of named entities. These weights may be utilized to select a language module and/or update the initial language model to one that is associated with the identified one or more sequences of named entities. In various embodiments, the language model may be repeatedly updated until the recognized speech converges sufficiently to satisfy a predetermined threshold. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: In embodiments, apparatuses, methods and storage media are described that are associated with training adaptive speech recognition systems (“ASR”) using audio and text obtained from captioned video. In various embodiments, the audio and caption may be aligned for identification, such as according to a start and end time associated with a caption, and the alignment may be adjusted to better fit audio to a given caption. In various embodiments, the aligned audio and caption may then be used for training if an error value associated with the audio and caption demonstrates that the audio and caption will aid in training the ASR. In various embodiments, filters may be used on audio and text prior to training. Such filters may be used to exclude potential training audio and text based on filter criteria. Other embodiments may be described and claimed.

Abstract: In a system for enabling a user to access a product or service, resources for accessing the product or service, such as apps on a user device, are explored in a specified order. A relatively lower priority resource is not explored until it is determined that all higher priority resources are unavailable. Within the content corresponding to an available resource, the user can be readily directed to the portion of the content that is associated with the particular product or service.

Abstract: A method of modifying a pigment that includes reacting a reactive compound having an X—[Y]n reactive group with a secondary compound N—S—ZM to form a substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S—ZM)b. A pigment is reacted with the substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S—ZM)b to attach the substituted reactive intermediate to the surface of the pigment to form a surface modified pigment. X may be a sulfonyl, phosphoryl, or 1,3,5-triazinyl group, Y may be a halogen leaving group, N may be a basic nucleophilic group, S may be an organic group, and ZM may be an ionizable end group. Also, n is an integer between 1 and 3, b is an integer between 1 and 3, and a=n?b. When n is equal to or greater than b, and if b is 2 or 3, each N—S—ZM can be the same or different.

Abstract: A method of modifying a pigment that includes reacting a reactive compound having an X—[Y]n reactive group with a secondary compound N—S—ZM to form a substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S—ZM)b. A pigment is reacted with the substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S—ZM)b to attach the substituted reactive intermediate to the surface of the pigment to form a surface modified pigment. X may be a sulfonyl, phosphoryl, or 1,3,5-triazinyl group, Y may be a halogen leaving group, N may be a basic nucleophilic group, S may be an organic group, and ZM may be an ionizable end group. Also, n is an integer between 1 and 3, b is an integer between 1 and 3, and a=n?b. When n is equal to or greater than b, and if b is 2 or 3, each N—S—ZM can be the same or different.

Abstract: An ink composition that includes a self-dispersing pigment that has about 0.02 to about 1.0 mMoles of S and about 0.2 to about 2.0 mMoles of active hydrogen per gram of pigment, water, and an organic solvent. A method of making an ink composition that includes sulfonating a pigment, subsequently oxidizing the pigment to produce a modified pigment, and incorporating the modified pigment into an ink.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified pigment by sulfonating a pigment and subsequently oxidizing the pigment. The modified pigment may have sulfonic acid and carboxyl surface modifying groups attached to the surface of the pigment. Charge balancing counterions such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and NR1R2R3H+, where R1, R2 and R3 are independently H or C1-C5 alkyl groups, may be associated with the surface modifying groups. The modified pigment is combined with water to produce a dispersion that can be used in such applications as coatings, paints, papers, adhesives, latexes, toners, textiles, fibers, plastics and inks.

Abstract: A method of modifying a pigment that includes reacting a reactive compound having an X—[Y]n reactive group with a secondary compound N—S—ZM to form a substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S—ZM)b. A pigment is reacted with the substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a—X—(N—S—ZM)b to attach the substituted reactive intermediate to the surface of the pigment to form a surface modified pigment. X may be a sulfonyl, phosphoryl, or 1,3,5-triazinyl group, Y may be a halogen leaving group, N may be a basic nucleophilic group, S may be an organic group, and ZM may be an ionizable end group. Also, n is an integer between 1 and 3, b is an integer between 1 and 3, and a=n?b. When n is equal to or greater than b, and if b is 2 or 3, each. N—S—ZM can be the same or different.

Abstract: A method of modifying a pigment that includes reacting a reactive compound having an X-[Y]n reactive group with a secondary compound N-S-ZM to form a substituted reactive intermediate [Y]aX-(N-S-ZM)b. A pigment is reacted with the substituted reactive intermediate [Y]a-X-(N-S-ZM)b to attach the substituted reactive intermediate to the surface of the pigment to form a surface modified pigment. X may be a sulfonyl, phosphoryl, or 1,3,5-triazinyl group, Y may be a halogen leaving group, N may be a basic nucleophilic group, S may be an organic group, and ZM may be an ionizable end group. Also, n is an integer between 1 and 3, b is an integer between 1 and 3, and a=n?b. When n is equal to or greater than b, and if b is 2 or 3, each. N-S-ZM can be the same or different.

Abstract: A method of producing a modified pigment by sulfonating a pigment and subsequently oxidizing the pigment. The modified pigment may have sulfonic acid and carboxyl surface modifying groups attached to the surface of the pigment. Charge balancing counterions such as alkali metals, alkaline earth metals and NR1R2R3H+, where R1, R2 and R3 are independently H or C1-C5 alkyl groups, may be associated with the surface modifying groups. The modified pigment is combined with water to produce a dispersion that can be used in such applications as coatings, paints, papers, adhesives, latexes, toners, textiles, fibers, plastics and inks.