Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a boiler for making hot water and room heating water available simultaneously, which is capable of enabling a user to use hot water and room heating simultaneously. According to the present disclosure, a thermal loss of room heating water may be minimized because the room heating water is independently supplied to a room heating pipe and returned regardless of the use of hot water, and the hot water with a high temperature may be consistently supplied because the hot water is independently supplied to a hot water pipe and returned regardless of the use of the room heating water. In addition, the boiler may serve as both a hot-water heat exchanger and a distributor (low loss header).

Abstract: A control method for air conditioning is proposed. The control method, which is provided to operate an air conditioning apparatus air conditioning an interior space, includes selecting either a comfort priority mode and an energy saving mode as an operational mode, inputting an input air conditioning temperature for air conditioning the interior space, setting a basic air conditioning temperature or a revised air conditioning temperature, by comparing the input air conditioning temperature and the basic air conditioning temperature read out from data in a database, as an air conditioning operational temperature, and operating the air conditioning apparatus so that the interior space is air conditioned at the air conditioning operational temperature.

Abstract: A method of managing data is proposed. The method includes collecting information, wherein detection values respectively matched to time points successive in time series are continuously collected, dividing sections, wherein a reference section is set, and remaining time points is divided into a correction section, calculating an equation, wherein a time point of the reference section and a detection value matched thereto are respectively set as a reference time point and a reference value, performing correction, wherein correction values calculated according to a time interval are calculated, verifying accuracy, wherein whether a ratio of the time points of the correction section to the time points is less than or equal to a preset allowable ratio is checked, and storing the data, wherein the reference value, equation, detection values or correction values, and correspondingly matched time points are stored as the data for the reference section and correction section.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat exchanger pipe enabling heat exchange between fluid flowing through the pipe and fluid existing outside the pipe, and a method of manufacturing the heat exchanger pipe. In particular, the present invention relates to a heat exchanger pipe that improves a heat exchange rate by making flow of fluid through the pipe more active and increasing a contact amount, that has an improved contact characteristic and a sealing characteristic between an outer pipe and an insert inserted in the outer pipe in the process of manufacturing, and that is easily manufactured; and a method of manufacturing the heat exchanger pipe.

Abstract: Proposed is a composition for orthodontic correction and prevention and treatment of dental disorders, and the composition contains mesoporous silica particles and a zwitterionic material. The composition may reduce thickness and biomass of a saliva-derived biofilm, increase antifouling ability, and reduce viability of bacteria due to an adhesion resistance to fungi and bacteria. In addition, the composition may prevent protein adsorption, provide excellent wettability and mechanical properties, provide resistance to inflammation through amplification of SOD activity, and prevent aggregation of ceria particles. Due to the advantages stated above, a new dental material that overcomes the problems of existing dental materials may be provided.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for heating a fluid flowing through a pipe using a combustion gas includes: a body including open upper and lower ends and having a space formed therein to allow the combustion gas to pass therethrough; a combustor formed in an upper portion of the space in which combustion of the combustion gas occurs; a heat exchange portion formed below the combustor and provided with a heat exchange pipe configured to heat an internal fluid by using the combustion gas; and a heat return pipe provided outside the space so as to be in contact with an outer surface of the body, wherein the combustor and the heat exchange portion may be unitarily formed, and the body in which the combustor is formed includes a concave portion protruding concavely inward so as to correspond to a shape of an outer circumferential surface of the heat return pipe.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for heating a fluid flowing through a pipe using a combustion gas includes: a body including open upper and lower ends and having a space formed therein to allow the combustion gas to pass therethrough; a combustor formed in an upper portion of the space in which combustion of the combustion gas occurs; a heat exchange portion formed below the combustor and provided with a heat exchange pipe configured to heat an internal fluid by using the combustion gas; and a heat return pipe provided outside the space so as to be in contact with an outer surface of the body, wherein the combustor and the heat exchange portion may be unitarily formed, and the body in which the combustor is formed includes a concave portion protruding concavely inward so as to correspond to a shape of an outer circumferential surface of the heat return pipe.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a wavy smoke tube structure of a boiler, which improves heat exchange efficiency of a smoke tube. The wavy smoke tube structure includes: a main body formed in a columnar shape and having a space therein; a plurality of first concave portions concavely formed along a first side portion in a longitudinal direction of the main body; a plurality of second concave portions concavely formed along a second side portion in the longitudinal direction of the main body opposite to the first side portion and each positioned between a pair of the first concave portions to face them; and a plurality of blocking grooves formed in a pair of sidewall portions provided between the first side portion and the second side portion.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an antibacterial or antifungal composition containing methoxyethyl acrylate.

Abstract: The present specification provides a dental glass ionomer cement (GIC) composition comprising a zwitterionic material and a glass ionomer cement, and a method of preparing the same.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for allowing a user to monitor or control an autonomous vehicle after a drop-off of the user. The method for monitoring and controlling an autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment includes receiving user alighting information for an autonomous vehicle, identifying whether a destination is set for the autonomous vehicle, determining an operating mode of a user terminal as a monitoring mode or a controlling mode on the basis of whether the destination is set, and transmitting a driving state of the autonomous vehicle to the user terminal, or transmitting a control signal corresponding to user manipulation inputted to the user terminal to the autonomous vehicle, on the basis of the operating mode.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a gas and earthquake detector, a gas and earthquake remote monitoring system using the same and a method thereof, and more particularly, to a gas and earthquake detector, a gas and earthquake remote monitoring system using the same and a method thereof, which detect a plurality of gases and earthquakes, detect and autonomously warn gas leakage of a plurality of detection target devices sensitive to the gas and the earthquake, and the earthquake around the detection target device, and easily register the gas leakage and the earthquake in a remote management means through a user mobile terminal of a user to monitor the gas leakage of the detection target device and the earthquake at a detection target device location through the remote management means.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for providing pickup and drop-off services to a user at designated locations using an autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for exactly estimating the current location of a user and calling a vehicle to the estimated location on the basis of a GPS coordinate of a user terminal and a coordinate of a feature point recorded by the user terminal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for providing pickup and drop-off services to a user at designated locations using an autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a total management system for an autonomous vehicle, the system being capable of improving mobility service convenience by combining artificial intelligence technology and robotic technology, providing an optimal mobility service to a user on a zone basis, and providing a user interface (UI)/user experience (UX) for dynamically adjusting a drop-off location while the service is in use, and a control method therefor. Also, a user terminal and an autonomous vehicle may transmit and receive data to and from a server through a wireless network using a mobile network including Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), which is the second-generation technology, to 5G, which is the fifth-generation technology, as well as the Internet, and mobility service change details may be provided using augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR).

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for allowing a user to monitor or control an autonomous vehicle after a drop off of the user. The method for monitoring and controlling an autonomous vehicle according to an embodiment includes receiving user alighting information for an autonomous vehicle, identifying whether a destination is set for the autonomous vehicle, determining an operating mode of a user terminal as a monitoring mode or a controlling mode on the basis of whether the destination is set, and transmitting a driving state of the autonomous vehicle to the user terminal, or transmitting a control signal corresponding to user manipulation input to the user terminal to the autonomous vehicle, on the basis of the operating mode.

Abstract: A thin-film transistor (TFT) array substrate is provided. The TFT array substrate includes a base substrate, a semiconductor layer disposed on the base substrate, an insulating layer disposed on the semiconductor layer, and a gate electrode disposed on the insulating layer. A top surface of a portion of the insulating layer overlapping the semiconductor layer in a plan view of the base substrate and a top surface of the gate electrode are placed on the same level.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a boiler having a gas sensing and an earthquake sensing function and a control method thereof, in which a gas leakage and an earthquake occurrence are automatically sensed and thus the boiler is forcibly stopped by causing fuel supply thereto to be cut off. The present invention is configured to cause fuel supply to the boiler to be cut off by comprehensively determining whether gas is leaking from the boiler and whether an earthquake has occurred at the present time, thereby minimizing loss of life due to the gas leakage and the earthquake occurrence.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a heat exchanger pipe enabling heat exchange between fluid flowing through the pipe and fluid existing outside the pipe, and a method of manufacturing the heat exchanger pipe. In particular, the present invention relates to a heat exchanger pipe that improves a heat exchange rate by making flow of fluid through the pipe more active and increasing a contact amount, that has an improved contact characteristic and a sealing characteristic between an outer pipe and an insert inserted in the outer pipe in the process of manufacturing, and that is easily manufactured; and a method of manufacturing the heat exchanger pipe.