Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes: a first insulating substrate, a second insulating substrate, a pixel electrode positioned on the first insulating substrate, a common electrode positioned on the first insulating substrate or the second insulating substrate, a first alignment layer positioned on the first insulating substrate, a second alignment layer positioned on the second insulating substrate, and a liquid crystal layer positioned between the first insulating substrate and the second insulating substrate. The first alignment layer and/or the second alignment layer include an additive and an alignment layer compound having a main chain, and a plurality of side chains connected to the main chain, and at least one of the plurality of side chains includes a vertical alignment group, and a reactive mesogen including two or more photoreactive groups.

Abstract: An alignment composition is presented that includes an alignment polymer and a reactive mesogen. The alignment polymer includes a polyimide backbone and a vertical alignment side chain combined with the polyimide backbone. The reactive mesogen may be represented by the formula M5-M1-M2-M3-M4 in which M1 represents a divalent organic group including an aromatic ring group, M2 represents M3 represents a single bond, —O—, —O—(CH2)a—O—, or —(CH2)a—O—, wherein “a” represents an integer of 1 to 20, M4 represents an alkenyl group or an alkynyl group having a carbon number of 2 to 20 an alkenylcarbonyl group having a carbon number of 3 to 20, an alkenylcarbonyloxy group having a carbon number of 3 to 20, a an oxotetrahydrofuryl group having —(C?CH2)— substituted for at least one —CH2—, or an epoxy group. M5 represents -M2-M3-M4 or -M3-M4.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a microfluidic chip includes providing an upper mold having multiple upper ribs extending along a second direction, and a lower mold having multiple lower ribs extending along a first direction different from the second direction, forming a forming material in a filling space defined by the upper and lower molds to provide a channeled plate having multiple upper microfluidic channels complementary in shape to the upper ribs, lower microfluidic channels complementary in shape to the lower ribs, and multiple thin film valves formed at intersections where the upper microfluidic channels intersect the lower microfluidic channels, separating the upper and lower molds, and covering the lower and upper microfluidic channels.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate, and a second liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate, wherein at least one of the first liquid crystal alignment layer and the second liquid crystal alignment layer includes a reactive mesogen.

Abstract: An intermediate material of a thermoplastic prepreg for a fuel cell separation plate comprises a hydrophobic thermoplastic resin film and a fiber base. The hydrophobic thermoplastic resin film has a degree of crystallization of 1 to 20%, a thickness of 3 to 50 ?m, and (iii) a content of an electroconductive material of 1 to 20 wt. %. The film is laminated on at least one surface of the fiber base. The thermoplastic prepreg for a fuel cell separation plate is manufactured by pressurizing the thermoplastic prepreg intermediate material at a temperature higher than the melting point of the hydrophobic thermoplastic resin film. A fuel cell separation membrane manufactured using the thermoplastic prepreg intermediate material and thermoplastic prepreg is thin and light-weight, and have a good durability.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device comprising: a first substrate; a first gate line which extends in a first direction; first and second data lines which extend in a second direction different from the first direction and are adjacent to each other; a first pixel which includes a first display area in which a first pixel electrode connected to the first data line is disposed, and a first circuit area in which a first gate electrode connected to the first gate line is disposed; a second pixel which includes a second display area in which a second pixel electrode connected to the second data line is disposed, and a second circuit area in which a second gate electrode connected to the second gate line is disposed; and an opaque conductive pattern which extends in the first direction so as to overlap the first circuit area and the second circuit area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display including a first substrate and a second substrate facing each other; a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; a first liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate; and a second liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate. At least one of the first liquid crystal alignment layer and the second liquid crystal alignment layer includes a reactive mesogen.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate including a first base substrate, a first field-generating electrode disposed on the first base substrate, and a second field-generating electrode disposed on the first field-generating electrode; a second substrate facing the first base substrate and disposed spaced apart from the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystals, in which an electric field is formed by the first field-generating electrode and the second field-generating electrode, being disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and contacting the second field-generating electrode; and a plurality of first projections disposed between the second field-generating electrode and the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: An electrochemical biosensor includes a substrate, a plurality of layered active metal parts, a plurality of layered electrodes, a reaction confinement layer, an electrochemical reactive layer and a cover piece. The substrate is formed with through holes each of which is defined by an interior wall surface and penetrates top and bottom surfaces. Each of the layered active metal parts is formed at least upon a respective one of the interior wall surfaces. The layered electrodes are formed on the layered active metal parts. The reaction confinement layer confines a reactor space over a region where the through holes are formed. The electrochemical reactive layer is disposed in the reactor space and is electrically coupled to the layered electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device including: a first substrate including a first base substrate, a first field-generating electrode disposed on the first base substrate, and a second field-generating electrode disposed on the first field-generating electrode; a second substrate facing the first base substrate and disposed spaced apart from the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer including liquid crystals, in which an electric field is formed by the first field-generating electrode and the second field-generating electrode, being disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate and contacting the second field-generating electrode; and a plurality of first projections disposed between the second field-generating electrode and the liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: An electrochemical biosensor includes a substrate, a plurality of layered active metal parts, a plurality of layered electrodes, a reaction confinement layer, an electrochemical reactive layer and a cover piece. The substrate is formed with through holes each of which is defined by an interior wall surface and penetrates top and bottom surfaces. Each of the layered active metal parts is formed at least upon a respective one of the interior wall surfaces. The layered electrodes are formed on the layered active metal parts. The reaction confinement layer confines a reactor space over a region where the through holes are formed. The electrochemical reactive layer is disposed in the reactor space and is electrically coupled to the layered electrodes.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display includes a first substrate, a second substrate facing the first substrate, a liquid crystal layer disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate, a first liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the first substrate, and a second liquid crystal alignment layer disposed between the liquid crystal layer and the second substrate, wherein at least one of the first liquid crystal alignment layer and the second liquid crystal alignment layer includes a reactive mesogen.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an achromatic colorimetric nanosensor, by using a mixture of nanoparticles with complementary colors. The color changes from an achromatic color to a chromatic color enables more clear color-transition and, thus, allows immediate analysis of the presence of a target analyte. Further, the present disclosure provides achromatic colorimetric nanosensor for detection of multiple analytes using plural nanoparticles via color changes from an achromatic to multiple chromatic colors.

Abstract: A method for preparing a high quality thermoplastic prepreg, includes: laminating a thermoplastic resin film having a crystallization degree in a range of 1 to 20% on at least one surface of a matrix fiber; and heating the laminate to a higher temperature than a melting point of the film, then, pressing the same. The method uniformly impregnates a matrix fiber with a thermoplastic resin, has a short curing cycle in the formation, and involves no random modification in alignment of fibers in the matrix fiber due to a low crystallization degree of the impregnated thermoplastic resin, thereby increasing rigidity of a formed product and enabling reduction of thickness. Thus produced prepreg has a low weight variation per unit area.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display (LCD) includes a first substrate, a gate line and a data line disposed on the first substrate, a pixel electrode connected to the gate line and the data line, a first alignment layer disposed on the pixel electrode, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate, a common electrode disposed on the second substrate, and a second alignment layer disposed on the common electrode, in which a thickness of the first alignment layer is greater than a thickness of the second alignment layer.

Abstract: Provided are liquid crystal display (LCD) panels. The LCD panel of one embodiment comprises a first substrate; a second substrate which faces the first substrate; a liquid crystal layer which is interposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a liquid crystal alignment layer which is interposed between the liquid crystal layer and at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate and comprises one or more electron-pair donors selected from the group consisting of alky amine, aryl amine, heterocyclic amine, furan, and thiophene.

Abstract: A biochip includes a substrate and a patterned polymer layer molded over the substrate and formed with at least one recess that is adapted to receive biological analytes to be detected using a reader. The patterned polymer layer is bonded to the substrate through molding techniques and has structural characteristics indicative of the patterned polymer layer being formed by molding techniques. A method for making the biochip is also disclosed.

Abstract: A composition for aligning includes a macromolecular compound and a reactive mesogen. The macromolecular compound is formed by a condensation polymerization reaction of a dianhydride monomer, and a diamine monomer including a photo reactive group. Thus, the composition for aligning includes the reactive mesogen, so that the reactive mesogen is not included in a liquid crystal layer.

Abstract: An alignment composition an alignment composition includes an alignment polymer and a reactive mesogen. The alignment polymer includes a polyimide backbone and a vertical alignment side chain combined with the polyimide backbone. The reactive mesogen may be represented by the following Chemical Formula 1. <Chemical Formula 1> M5-M1-M2-M3-M4 In Chemical Formula 1, M1 represents a divalent organic group including an aromatic ring group. M2 represents M3 represents a single bond, —O—, —O—(CH2)a—O—, or —(CH2)a—O—, wherein “a” represents an integer of 1 to 20.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an alignment substrate that includes a base substrate and an alignment layer arranged on the base substrate. A plurality of unit pixels is defined in the base substrate. The alignment layer includes at least two sub-alignment portions dividing the unit pixel into at least two domains. Each sub-alignment portion is arranged in a different domain of the at least two domains and is aligned to have a different pretilt direction from the other sub-alignment portions.