Abstract: A method and apparatus for supporting mobility of a mobile terminal in a Visible Light Communication (VLC) system. The method includes activating only necessary light sources for VLC considering the mobility of the mobile terminal, instead of using total light sources for VLC. Consequently, power consumption can be significantly reduced.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for allocating resources of a Visible Light Communication (VLC) terminal in a VLC system. The VLC terminal receives a beacon message from a base station, coordinates time synchronization with the base station, searches for an available wavelength channel, constructs available wavelength channel information, and transmits an initial access request using a basic time slot channel and a basic wavelength channel. The base station considers the available wavelength channel information and a current channel allocation condition, allocates an appropriate channel, and transmits channel allocation information to the VLC terminal. The VLC terminal and the base station communicate data with each other using an allocated time slot channel included in the channel allocation information and an allocated wavelength channel included in the channel allocation information.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for outputting a visibility frame for a communication link connection during a communication link release in a Visible Light Communication (VLC) system. A transmitting-side VLC device determines a visibility frame output type according to a communication mode to be performed. The communication mode and the visibility frame output type are transmitted to a receiving-side VLC device. The receiving-side VLC device is communicated with according to the communication mode and it is determined whether a communication link is released while performing communication according to the communication mode. When the communication link is released, outputting a visibility frame according to the visibility frame output type.

Abstract: An apparatus for transmitting Visible Light Communication (VLC) data, in which a data processor processes data to be transmitted, a modulator modulates data received from the data processor into a signal for VLC, a light output unit outputs light of a predetermined color and includes in the light a signal of any selected one characteristic among signals of two different characteristics, and a light output controller selects at least one of the signals of different characteristics, and controls the light output unit so that a signal from the modulator is output through the signal of the selected characteristic.

Abstract: An air-conditioner for a vehicle, may include a casing having an upper outlet and a lower outlet, with an air flow space defined in the casing and including an upper space and a lower space to guide air to the upper outlet and/or the lower outlet, an evaporator installed in the casing and selectively communicating with the upper outlet through the upper space, and a distributing partition wall to partition the lower space into a receiving space to receive a heating member therein and selectively communicate with the upper space and at least a partitioned space to communicate the heating member with the lower outlet, thus guiding the air to a side portion of the casing.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a disk type microfluidic device including a data area arranged thereon, and a blood testing apparatus having an information reading device for reading the data area of the disk type microfluidic device. The disk type microfluidic device includes a disk type body having a predetermined thickness, a plurality of chambers provided in the body to store a buffer or reaction solution, at least one channel to connect the plurality of chambers to one another, and a data area provided at a cylindrical portion of the body.

Abstract: A method for switching a mode by a terminal in a Location Based Service (LBS) system based on Visible Light Communication (VLC). The method includes determining whether a visible light signal is received, and if so, determining whether the visible light signal is received from a transmission device; if the visible light signal is received, receiving data using the visible light signal; acquiring identification information of the transmission device from the received data; comparing location information corresponding to the identification information of the transmission device with pre-stored map information; and displaying map data corresponding to the location information.

Abstract: A method for forming a pattern in a semiconductor device includes forming an etch target layer comprising metal over a substrate. A hard mask pattern is formed over the etch target layer. The etch target layer is etched to form a pattern such that a line width of the etch target layer is smaller than a line width of the hard mask pattern.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a gate insulation layer over a substrate, sequentially forming a silicon layer and a metal layer over the gate insulation layer, performing a first gate etching process to etch the metal layer using a gate hard mask layer, formed on the metal layer, as an etch barrier, and then partially etch the silicon layer, thereby forming a first pattern, performing a second gate etching process to partially etch the silicon layer, thereby forming an undercut beneath the metal layer, forming a capping layer on both sidewalls of the first pattern including the undercut, performing a third gate etching process to etch the silicon layer to expose the gate insulation layer using the gate hard mask layer and the capping layer as an etch barrier, thereby forming a second pattern, and performing a gate re-oxidation process.

Abstract: A transmission delay caused by a Bandwidth Request (BR) of a Mobile Station (MS) in a broadband wireless communication system can be avoided. An operation of the MS includes performing an initial BR to allocate resources across a plurality of frames. When a resource is allocated according to the initial BR, an adaptive BR is performed on the resource in a piggyback manner by using the resource while transmitting an acknowledge (ACK) message corresponding downlink Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) data.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating a visible signal to enable a user to confirm the amount of data transmission in Visible Light Communication (VLC) are provided. The apparatus previously acquires amount information of data which is to transmit or receive, and acquires the ratio of the amount of data transmitted to a receiving-side VLC device from a transmitting VLC device or the amount of data transmitted from the transmitting-side VLC device received by the receiving VLC device to the total amount of data. The apparatus determines a visible light output pattern corresponding to the data ratio and generates visible light of the determined output pattern.

Abstract: In a light transmitting, color image display unit, a top surface of a black matrix partition wall exhibits lyophobicity relative to in-solution pigment particles while sidewall surfaces of the black matrix exhibit lyophilicity relative to in-solution pigment particles. This allows the pigment containing solutions to abut without repulsion against the sidewall surfaces. Consequently, it is possible to prevent color filter solutions deposited through an inkjet deposition process from overflowing over the lyophobic partition wall tops into adjacent pixel regions and it is also possible to conformably define color filters of consistent thickness between the black matrix partition walls.

Abstract: A method for fabricating a semiconductor device includes forming a polysilicon layer, a barrier metal layer, and a conductive layer over a substrate, forming gate hard masks over the conductive layer, etching the conductive layer and the barrier metal layer using the gate hard masks to form barrier metal electrodes and metal gate electrodes having a line width smaller than that of the gate hard masks, etching the polysilicon layer to form gate patterns, each gate pattern including a stack structure of a polysilicon electrode, the barrier metal electrode, the metal gate electrode, and the gate hard mask, forming a gate spacer over the surface profile of the substrate structure, forming an insulation layer over the gate spacer, etching the insulation layer to form a contact hole between the gate patterns and burying a conductive material over the contact hole to form a landing plug contact.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus for evaluating an indirect loss caused by a ubiquity effect by provision of a universal service, and a method thereof. The apparatus includes a first data storage unit for storing population statistics-related data, a second data storage unit for storing universal service offer-related data, a control unit for reading out and delivering required data from the first and second data storage units to a ubiquity loss calculation unit and controlling the ubiquity loss calculation unit, the ubiquity loss calculation unit for calculating a ubiquity loss of each evaluation object district by using the required data from the control unit, and a third data storage unit for storing the ubiquity loss of each evaluation object district calculated in the ubiquity loss calculation unit.