Abstract: A method of recording holographic information includes recording a hologram mark and a homogeneous mark in a holographic data storage medium with a volume to alternatively locate the hologram mark and the homogeneous mark. The hologram mark has a varied refractive index distribution due to constructive/destructive interferences between two light beams and indicates information, while the homogeneous mark has a more uniform refractive index distribution than the hologram mark.

Abstract: A composition containing a proton-conductive copolymer, a polymer electrolyte membrane containing the composition; a method of producing the membrane; and a fuel cell employing the membrane. The composition includes: a proton-conductive copolymer comprising a first styrene repeating unit, a second styrene repeating unit, and a dimethylsiloxane repeating unit; and a cross-linked polymer obtained from a cross-linking reaction between a siloxane oligomer having an unsaturated bond and a cross-linking agent. The cross-linked polymer has the same properties as the dimethylsiloxane repeating unit of the proton-conductive copolymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an insulating material for a printed circuit board, including a liquid crystal polyester resin and ceramic powder, thus exhibiting a temperature coefficient of capacitance ranging from ?300 to +300 ppm/° C. in the temperature range of ?55˜125° C. and a dielectric constant ranging from 5 to 40. This insulating material has superior dielectric properties, and a small change in dielectric constant depending on the change in temperature, and thus exhibits high reliability when applied to high-frequency circuits.

Abstract: Provided are a polymer membrane that includes a porous polymer matrix and an acryl-based polymer infiltrated in pores of the porous polymer matrix, a method of preparing the same, and a fuel cell using the polymer membrane. The polymer membrane effectively decreases a crossover phenomenon of a fuel cell.

Abstract: Carbon-containing nickel-particle powder is provided. The carbon-containing nickel-particle powder has improved shrinkage property when fired due to the presence of carbon. Also, the carbon-containing nickel-particle powder has a very restricted degree of forming agglomerates.

Abstract: A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) for a fuel cell, and a method of making the same, the MEA including: an electrolyte membrane; binder layers including a sulfonated polysulfone-clay nanocomposite, and a tackifier, disposed on opposing sides of the membrane; and electrodes including electrode catalytic layers, disposed on the binder layers.

Abstract: The method of manufacturing a printed circuit board using paste bumps includes perforating a core board to form at least one via hole, filling the at least one via hole by fill-plating and forming a circuit pattern on at least one surface of the core board, stacking a paste bump board on at least one surface of the core board, and forming an outer layer circuit on a surface of the paste bump board. The method provides a structurally stable all-layer IVH structure due to increased strength in the BVH's of the plated core boards and the interlayer connection area is increased between circuit patterns for improved connection reliability, and dimple coverage can be obtained.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for detecting a laundry weight of a washing machine can correctly detect a laundry weight of a washing machine. To this end, a motor of a washing machine is driven at a first speed and then at a second speed, and a laundry weight is detected on the basis of a value of a first current for driving the motor at the first speed and a value of a second current for driving the motor at the second speed.

Abstract: A printed circuit board using paste bumps and manufacturing method thereof are disclosed.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for forming a three-dimensional image for an inspection pattern, a reference intensity function of an inspection X-ray is formed in accordance with a continuous scanning depth, and is differentiated with respect to the scanning depth. The differential reference intensity function is decomposed into a start function and a characteristic function. The differential reference intensity function is then repeatedly integrated while a temporary vertical profile function is substituted for the start function until the temporary intensity of a reference X-ray is within an allowable error range. The temporary vertical profile function satisfying the error range is selected as an optimal vertical profile function. A surface shape is combined to the optimal vertical profile function along a depth of the inspection pattern to thereby form the three-dimensional image for the inspection pattern.

Abstract: A capacitor embedded printed circuit board (PCB), the PCB including: a multilayer polymer capacitor layer where a plurality of polymer sheets is laminated; one or more first inner electrodes and second inner electrodes, separated by one or more of the plurality of polymer sheets and alternately disposed to form a pair; a plurality of first extended electrodes and second extended electrodes connected to the first inner electrodes and second inner electrodes, respectively; one or more insulating layers laminated on one or both surfaces of the multilayer polymer capacitor, where a plurality of conductive patterns and conductive via holes, forming an interlayer circuit are formed; a plurality of first via holes for capacitor, penetrating the multilayer polymer capacitor layer to be connected to the first extended electrodes; and a plurality of second via holes for capacitor, penetrating the multilayer polymer capacitor layer to be connected to the second extended electrodes, wherein the plurality of the first and

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a slurry-type coating solution for cation-conducting polymer composite membranes that is capable of producing cation-conducting polymer composite membranes with high ionic conductivity as well as low methanol permeability and low ohmic resistance when used in direct-methanol fuel cells, via pluralization of solvents and use of specific additives. The coating slurry comprises about 1 to about 10 parts by weight of a sulfonated clay, about 100 parts by weight of a cation exchange group-containing polymer, and a co-solvent consisting of a high-boiling point solvent with a boiling point of about 180 to about 250° C. and a low-boiling point solvent with a boiling point of about 100 to about 180° C.

Abstract: An electrolyte membrane includes a nanocomposite ion complex that is a reaction product of a nanocomposite with a basic polymer. The nanocomposite includes a polymer having a sulfonic acid group and an unmodified clay. Either the unmodified clay has a layered structure and is dispersed in the polymer having the sulfonic acid group, and the polymer is intercalated between layers of the clay or the unmodified clay has an exfoliated structure and the exfoliated layers of the unmodified clay are dispersed in the polymer. The electrolyte membrane shows high mechanical strength, high ionic conductivity, and excellent methanol crossover impeding properties even when the degree of sulfonation of the polymer having the sulfonic acid group is high. When a methanol aqueous solution is used as a fuel, the fuel cell including the electrolyte membrane has a low methanol crossover, and thus, has a high operational efficiency and a long lifetime.

Abstract: A composition containing a proton-conductive copolymer, a polymer electrolyte membrane containing the composition; a method of producing the membrane; and a fuel cell employing the membrane. The composition includes: a proton-conductive copolymer comprising a first styrene repeating unit, a second styrene repeating unit, and a dimethylsiloxane repeating unit; and a cross-linked polymer obtained from a cross-linking reaction between a siloxane oligomer having an unsaturated bond and a cross-linking agent. The cross-linked polymer has the same properties as the dimethylsiloxane repeating unit of the proton-conductive copolymer.

Abstract: Disclosed is an insulating material for a printed circuit board, including a liquid crystal polyester resin and ceramic powder, thus exhibiting a temperature coefficient of capacitance ranging from ?300 to +300 ppm/° C. in the temperature range of ?55˜125° C. and a dielectric constant ranging from 5 to 40. This insulating material has superior dielectric properties, and a small change in dielectric constant depending on the change in temperature, and thus exhibits high reliability when applied to high-frequency circuits.

Abstract: Carbon-containing nickel-particle powder is provided. The carbon-containing nickel-particle powder has improved shrinkage property when fired due to the presence of carbon. Also, the carbon-containing nickel-particle powder has a very restricted degree of forming agglomerates.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a printed circuit board having embedded capacitors using a hybrid material and a method of manufacturing the same. This invention provides a printed circuit board having embedded capacitors using a material for a hybrid dielectric layer including liquid crystal polymer and ceramic powder, and a method of manufacturing such a printed circuit board.

Abstract: Carbon-containing nickel-particle powder is provided. The carbon-containing nickel-particle powder has improved shrinkage property when fired due to the presence of carbon. Also, the carbon-containing nickel-particle powder has a very restricted degree of forming agglomerates.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a wafer holder and a related wafer conveyor system. The wafer holder holds a wafer and moves horizontally within a chamber. A contact area between the wafer and the wafer holder is reduced, and potential contaminants generated by ear between components of the wafer holder are trapped by an airtight cover. Since the wafer holder moves horizontally while being fixed to a guide rail, the wafer conveyor system reduces friction between the guide rail and the wafer holder.

Abstract: Provided are a polymer membrane that includes a porous polymer matrix and an acryl-based polymer infiltrated in pores of the porous polymer matrix, a method of preparing the same, and a fuel cell using the polymer membrane. The polymer membrane effectively decreases a crossover phenomenon of a fuel cell.