Abstract: A belt device includes a belt; a driving unit that is provided inside the belt and drives the belt; a supporting unit that is provided inside the belt and supports the belt; and a position determination member that is fixed to one end in an axial direction of the driving unit or the supporting unit and comes in contact with an edge portion of the belt in the case where the belt is mounted so as to determine a position of the belt.

Abstract: A network connection device for connecting an asynchronous network having a link aggregation function to a synchronous network comprises: a first mapping/demapping unit which maps asynchronous network frames, flowing from the asynchronous network to the synchronous network on a plurality of links redundantly configured using the link aggregation function, into synchronous network frames, and which demaps asynchronous network frames mapped into synchronous network frames flowing from the synchronous network to the asynchronous network on the plurality of links into synchronous network frames; and a collection/distribution unit which collects the asynchronous network frames, mapped into the synchronous network frames on the plurality of links, into an asynchronous network frame mapped into a synchronous network frame on a single link, and which, in accordance with a prescribed rule, distributes an asynchronous network frame, mapped into a synchronous network frame on the single link and flowing from the synchro

Abstract: Disclosed is a path-continuity check method for checking continuity of a path. The method includes transmitting a check frame by a node device on an upstream side and receiving the check frame by a node device on a downstream side; registering, by the node device on the upstream side, path information of the check frame and a transmission port in a transmission learning table together with a downstream learning number as a table number of a reception learning table of the node device on the downstream side in which the path information is registered; and setting, by the node device on the upstream side, plural of the downstream learning numbers registered in the transmission learning table in one aggregation check frame as table number ON information items and transmitting, by the node device on the upstream side, the one aggregation check frame to the node device on the downstream side.

Abstract: A heating apparatus of the present invention includes a press member that undergoes driven rotation by contacting a heating member that rotates, the press member conveying a recording medium while nipping the recording medium between the press member and the heating member; a contact and separation mechanism that contacts the press member against the heating member and separates the press member away from the heating member; and a drive mechanism that rotationally drives the press member when the press member is separated from the heating member by the contact and separation mechanism.

Abstract: There is provided a heating controlling device having: a receiving section receiving heating instructions for plural heaters; and a controller that, when the receiving section receives a heating instruction to heat another heater while two or more heaters other than the heater for which the heating instruction is received are heating, stops heating of the heaters that are heating, after a first predetermined time period elapses from the control to stop heating, starts heating of the heater for which the heating instruction is received, and each time a number of second predetermined time periods elapses from the control to start heating, restarts heating, on the basis of predetermined priority rankings, of the heaters that were controlled to stop heating.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a gas concentration detection apparatus for detecting the concentration of a specific gas component in an exhaust gas emitted from an engine, and forms a deterioration judgment about the gas concentration detection apparatus accurately and immediately. After excess oxygen is discharged by an oxygen pump cell 2, a NOx concentration detection apparatus, judges whether a NOx sensor 1 is activated. If the NOx sensor 1 is not activated yet, an output increase rate Vu(t) of the NOx sensor cell output N during an increase process of the NOx sensor cell output N is acquired. The present invention judges whether the output increase rate Vu(t) is lower than a predetermined reference value Vth1. If the obtained judgment result indicates that Vu(t)<Vth1, the NOx sensor cell 4 is deteriorated.

Abstract: A pressure member is used for fixing in electrophotography and includes at least a substrate, an elastic layer provided on the substrate, and a surface layer includes carbon and a fluororesin having a structure represented by Formula (1): wherein R represents CF3, C2F5, or C3F7, and x represents a numeral from 0.045 to 0.12.

Abstract: Fuel reforming catalysts 28 generate a hydrogen-containing reformed gas when they come into contact with exhaust gas that contains a reforming fuel. Upstream and downstream air-fuel ratio sensors 58, 60 are respectively installed upstream and downstream of the fuel reforming catalysts 28. The upstream air-fuel ratio sensor 58 outputs a upstream sensor signal in accordance with oxygen concentration. The downstream air-fuel ratio sensor 60 outputs a downstream sensor signal in accordance with oxygen concentration and hydrogen concentration by using zirconia's oxygen detection capability and a change of a diffusion layer's hydrogen-concentration-dependent oxygen detection capability. An ECU 50 detects the hydrogen concentration without being affected by the oxygen concentration through the use of the upstream sensor signal in which only the oxygen concentration is reflected and the downstream sensor signal in which the oxygen concentration and hydrogen concentration are reflected.

Abstract: A WAN node device includes a failure monitoring unit that monitors failure in a first LAN-side input-output unit and a second LAN-side input-output unit. If failure in the first LAN-side input-output unit or the second LAN-side input-output unit is detected, failure is notified to a switching controller. Upon receiving a failure notification, the switching controller selects a normally functioning LAN-side input-output unit. Thus, the WAN node device passes on packets to a LAN-communication linking device via either the first LAN-side input-output unit or the second LAN-side input-output unit selected by the switching controller.

Abstract: A belt device includes a belt; a driving unit that is provided inside the belt and drives the belt; a supporting unit that is provided inside the belt and supports the belt; and a position determination member that is fixed to one end in an axial direction of the driving unit or the supporting unit and comes in contact with an edge portion of the belt in the case where the belt is mounted so as to determine a position of the belt.

Abstract: A camshaft support structure of an internal combustion engine (10) includes a camshaft (26, 30) that drives an intake valve (18) or an exhaust valve (20); a head cover (34) that houses the camshaft (26, 30); an upper bearing portion (42) which is provided on the head cover (34) and supports the camshaft (26, 30); a lower bearing portion (54) which is attached to the head cover (34) and makes a pair with the upper bearing portion (42) to retain the camshaft (26,30); a rocker arm (22, 24) that transmits driving force from the camshaft (26, 30) to the intake valve (18) or the exhaust valve (20); and a rocker arm support portion (56) that inhibits the rocker arm (22, 24) from falling out of position by being provided near and directly above the rocker arm (22, 24).

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a gas concentration detection apparatus that is capable of forming an accurate activity judgment when a gas concentration detection cell begins to detect gas concentration with high accuracy. When warm-up begins at time t0 in a NOx concentration detection apparatus that achieves NOx concentration detection with a NOx sensor cell after excess oxygen is discharged by an oxygen pump cell, a NOx sensor cell output begins to rise at time t1. Subsequently, at time t2, an oxygen pump cell output begins to rise. An inflection point appearing in the NOx sensor cell output is then located. At time t5 at which the inflection point appears, an activity judgment about the NOx sensor cell is formed.

Abstract: A network connection device for connecting an asynchronous network having a link aggregation function to a synchronous network comprises: a first mapping/demapping unit which maps asynchronous network frames, flowing from the asynchronous network to the synchronous network on a plurality of links redundantly configured using the link aggregation function, into synchronous network frames, and which demaps asynchronous network frames mapped into synchronous network frames flowing from the synchronous network to the asynchronous network on the plurality of links into synchronous network frames; and a collection/distribution unit which collects the asynchronous network frames, mapped into the synchronous network frames on the plurality of links, into an asynchronous network frame mapped into a synchronous network frame on a single link, and which, in accordance with a prescribed rule, distributes an asynchronous network frame, mapped into a synchronous network frame on the single link and flowing from the synchro

Abstract: A lower cam carrier is disposed over a cylinder head and a head cover is disposed thereover. The lower cam carrier has, formed as one therewith, an outer frame superposed with the edge peripheral edge of the cylinder head, and a bridging part provided between opposing sides of the outer frame part. The bridging part has a lower bearing for supporting an intake camshaft and an exhaust camshaft. The head cover has, formed as one therewith, a flange part superposed with the outer frame part and a bearing part opposing the bridging part inside the flange part 22. The bearing part has an upper bearing that, together with the lower bearing, supports the intake camshaft and the exhaust camshaft.

Abstract: In an L2 switch having a VLAN function for configuring a layer 2 network in a star topology, a mesh topology, a ring topology, or the like, a VLAN functional portion maps a frame to a predetermined VLAN, a frame classifying portion assigns to the frame a first tag indicating a priority, and a policing portion assigns to the frame a second tag indicating whether or not the frame can be discarded. Also, an OAM monitor inserts a monitoring frame to the VLAN.

Abstract: A lower cam carrier is disposed over a cylinder head and a head cover is disposed thereover. The lower cam carrier has, formed as one therewith, an outer frame superposed with the edge peripheral edge of the cylinder head, and a bridging part provided between opposing sides of the outer frame part. The bridging part has a lower bearing for supporting an intake camshaft and an exhaust camshaft. The head cover has, formed as one therewith, a flange part superposed with the outer frame part and a bearing part opposing the bridging part inside the flange part 22. The bearing part has an upper bearing that, together with the lower bearing, supports the intake camshaft and the exhaust camshaft.

Abstract: A camshaft support structure of an internal combustion engine (10) includes a camshaft (26, 30) that drives an intake valve (18) or an exhaust valve (20); a head cover (34) that houses the camshaft (26, 30); an upper bearing portion (42) which is provided on the head cover (34) and supports the camshaft (26, 30); a lower bearing portion (54) which is attached to the head cover (34) and makes a pair with the upper bearing portion (42) to retain the camshaft (26,30); a rocker arm (22, 24) that transmits driving force from the camshaft (26, 30) to the intake valve (18) or the exhaust valve (20); and a rocker arm support portion (56) that inhibits the rocker arm (22, 24) from falling out of position by being provided near and directly above the rocker arm (22, 24).

Abstract: An object of the present invention enables provision of an optimum shape design method in which an optimum shape of a cushioning material used in cushioning packaging can easily and adequately be designed, and an optimum shape design system in which the optimum shape design method is used. In a configuration of the optimum shape design system is characterized by providing an optimizing control unit 2a. The optimizing control unit 2a detects a correlation among CAD data M of a cushioning material 4 defined by a CAD unit 2b, a mechanical response amount detected by a mechanical response amount calculation unit 2c, manufacturing decision information detected by a manufacturing decision detection unit 2d, and manufacturing cost information detected by a cost calculation unit 2e. Then, the optimizing control unit 2a updates the CAD data M of the cushioning material 4 until an optimum shape of the cushioning material 4 is detected based on the correlation.

Abstract: A lash adjuster support portion is integrally formed with a lower cam carrier. The lower cam carrier is fixed onto a cylinder head into which an intake valve and an exhaust valve have been fitted. After a lash adjuster is set in the lash adjuster support portion, a rocker arm is placed on the intake side and a rocker arm is placed on the exhaust side. Camshafts are then placed on the lower cam carrier such that the rocker arm contacts an intake cam and the rocker arm contacts an exhaust cam. An upper cam carrier is then assembled to the lower cam carrier, thus completing the camshaft support structure.

Abstract: A cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is fitted with rocker arms. Camshafts are disposed so that the rocker arms and cams will be brought into contact with each other. The camshafts are rotatably supported by lower bearings, which supports the camshafts from below, and by upper bearings integrated with a head cover. The head cover is provided with visual observation windows that make it possible to see valve system parts through the head cover. A visual observation window covers for covering the visual observation windows are fixed to the head cover.