Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a carcass layer, a pair of cross belts disposed on an outer side in a radial direction of the carcass layer, and a tread rubber disposed on the outer side in the radial direction of the cross belts. A tread profile when the tire is mounted on a specified rim, inflated to a specified internal pressure, and in an unloaded state is defined by the following elliptic function ([Mathematical Formula 1]) having a center point on a tire equatorial plane. Here, “a” is the radius in a tire width direction and the major axis, “b” is the radius in the tire radial direction and the minor axis, and conditions of 0<b<a, 0<x, 0<y, 1.00<p, 1.00<q and p?q are satisfied.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes chamfered portions respectively formed on a leading side edge and a trailing side edge of a sipe. The sipe includes a non-chamfered region in which other chamfered portions are not present, in a plan view of a tread portion. At least one of the chamfered portions includes an outer edge profile line not parallel to a ridge line of the sipe. When the chamfered portion including the outer edge profile line not parallel to the ridge line of the sipe is divided into an inner region and an outer region corresponding to half a chamfer length of the chamfered portion in a tire width direction, a projected area of the outer region positioned on a rib outer side is larger than a projected area of the inner region positioned on a rib inner side.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a plurality of main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction in a tread portion; and a sipe extending in a tire width direction in a rib defined by the plurality of main grooves, the sipe including a leading side edge and a trailing side edge, a chamfered portion shorter than a sipe length of the sipe being formed in each of the leading side edge and the trailing side edge, a non-chamfered region including no other chamfered portion being present in a part facing each chamfered portion of the sipe, and, in a plan view of the tread portion, at least one of the chamfered portions including an outer edge profile line not parallel to a ridge line of the sipe.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire including main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction in a tread portion, and including a sipe extending in a tire lateral direction on a rib defined by the main grooves, the sipe includes an edge on a leading side and an edge on a trailing side, chamfered portions shorter than a sipe length of the sipe are formed on respective edges, non-chamfered regions on which no other chamfered portion exists exist on portions opposing to respective chamfered portions in the sipe, a maximum depth x (mm) of the sipe and a maximum depth y (mm) of the chamfered portion satisfy x×0.1?y?x×0.3+1.0, and a sipe width of the sipe is constant in a range from an end portion positioned inside in a tire radial direction of the chamfered portion to a groove bottom of the sipe.

Abstract: A rib of a pneumatic tire includes a first sipe extending from one of main grooves positioned on both sides of the rib and a second sipe extending from another one of the main grooves, one end portion of the first and second sipes terminating within the rib. The first and second sipes form a pair of sipes including edges on leading and trailing sides. Chamfered portions shorter than a total sipe length of the pair of sipes are formed on respective edges and non-chamfered regions exist on portions opposing respective chamfered portions in the pair of sipes. A maximum depth x (mm) of the sipes and a maximum depth y (mm) of the chamfered portion satisfy x×0.1?y?x×0.3+1.0. A sipe width is constant in a range from a portion positioned inside in a tire radial direction of the chamfered portion to a bottom of the sipes.

Abstract: A sipe of a pneumatic tire includes an edge on a leading side and an edge on a trailing side, chamfered portions shorter than a sipe length of the sipe formed on respective leading and trailing side edges, and non-chamfered regions on which no other chamfered portion exists on portions opposing respective chamfered portions in the sipe. One end portion of the sipe opens into a main groove and another end portion terminates within a rib. A maximum depth x (mm) of the sipe and a maximum depth y (mm) of the chamfered portion satisfy x×0.1?y?x×0.3+1.0. A sipe width of the sipe is constant in a range from a sipe portion positioned inside in a tire radial direction of the chamfered portion to a groove bottom of the sipe.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes an illumination unit configured to project striped light on a target using a member in which a plurality of non-transmitting portions which does not transmit at least a part of incident light is arranged with a period P in a second direction, an imaging unit configured to image the target on which striped light is projected through the member, an image processing unit configured to process N images to generate a process image, and a driving unit configured to relatively displace the member and the target. The imaging unit performs imaging each time the member and the target are relatively displaced by the amount of change ?Xi (i=1, 2, . . . N) by the driving unit.

Abstract: A light irradiation apparatus for irradiating an object with light, includes a plurality of line-shaped light blockers arranged at a predetermined center-to-center interval, and configured to at least partially block light, and a plurality of line-shaped light irradiators arranged to overlap some of the plurality of light blockers so as to irradiate the object with light. The plurality of light irradiators are arranged to form a period not less than twice as large as the center-to-center interval of the plurality of light blockers.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a sipe includes an edge on a leading side and an edge on a trailing side; the edge and the edge each include a chamfered portion shorter than a sipe length of the sipe; a non-chamfered region in which other chamfered portions are not present is provided at portions facing the chamfered portions of the sipe; and for all chamfered portions, including at least the chamfered portions of the sipe, formed on grooves other than main grooves, with a ground contact width being equally divided into three in the tire lateral direction, a total volume SCE of chamfered portions provided in a center region centrally located in the tire lateral direction and each of total volumes SSH of chamfered portions provided in shoulder regions located on either side of the center region satisfy a relationship SCE<SSH.

Abstract: A light irradiation apparatus for irradiating an object with light, includes a plurality of line-shaped light blockers arranged at a predetermined center-to-center interval, and configured to at least partially block light, and a plurality of line-shaped light irradiators arranged to overlap some of the plurality of light blockers so as to irradiate the object with light. The plurality of light irradiators are arranged to form a period not less than twice as large as the center-to-center interval of the plurality of light blockers.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire is provided. A rib includes a lug groove that opens at a first end portion to one of the main grooves and terminates at a second end portion within the rib, a first sipe that opens at a first end portion to the one of the main grooves the lug groove opens to and opens at a second end portion to the lug groove, and a second sipe that opens at a first end portion to another main groove located on the opposite side of the one of the main grooves the lug groove opens to and opens at a second end portion to the lug groove; and the first sipe and the second sipe each include a chamfered portion on the edge on the leading side or the edge on the trailing side.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire is provided with a sipe including an edge on a leading side and an edge on a trailing side. The edge on the leading side and the edge on the trailing side each include a chamfered portion shorter than a sipe length of the sipe. A non-chamfered region in which other chamfered portions are not present is provided at portions facing the chamfered portions of the sipe. For all chamfered portions, including at least the chamfered portions of the sipe, formed on grooves other than main grooves, a total volume SIN of the chamfered portions located on a vehicle mounting inner side and a total volume SOUT of the chamfered portions located on a vehicle mounting outer side satisfy a relationship SIN>SOUT.

Abstract: A sipe of a pneumatic tire includes an edge on a leading side and an edge on a trailing side, chamfered portions shorter than a sipe length of the sipe formed on respective leading and trailing side edges, and non-chamfered regions on which no other chamfered portion exists on portions opposing respective chamfered portions in the sipe. One end portion of the sipe opens into a main groove and another end portion terminates within a rib. A maximum depth x (mm) of the sipe and a maximum depth y (mm) of the chamfered portion satisfy x×0.1?y?x×0.3+1.0. A sipe width of the sipe is constant in a range from a sipe portion positioned inside in a tire radial direction of the chamfered portion to a groove bottom of the sipe.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a sipe includes an edge on a leading side and an edge on a trailing side; the edge and the edge each include a chamfered portion shorter than a sipe length of the sipe; a non-chamfered region in which other chamfered portions are not present is provided at portions facing the chamfered portions of the sipe; and for all chamfered portions, including at least the chamfered portions of the sipe, formed on grooves other than main grooves, with a ground contact width being equally divided into three in the tire lateral direction, a total projected area ACE of chamfered portions provided in a center region centrally located in the tire lateral direction and each of total projected areas ASH of chamfered portions provided in shoulder regions located on either side of the center region satisfy a relationship ACE<ASH.

Abstract: In a pneumatic tire, a sipe includes an edge on a leading side and an edge on a trailing side; the edge on the leading side and the edge on the trailing side each include a chamfered portion shorter than a sipe length of the sipe; a non-chamfered region in which other chamfered portions are not present is provided at portions facing the chamfered portions of the sipe; and for all chamfered portions, including at least the chamfered portions of the sipe, formed on grooves other than main grooves, a total projected area AIN of the chamfered portions located on a vehicle mounting inner side and a total projected area AOUT of the chamfered portions located on a vehicle mounting outer side satisfy a relationship AIN>AOUT.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes a plurality of main grooves extending in a tire circumferential direction in a tread portion; and a sipe extending in a tire width direction in a rib defined by the plurality of main grooves, the sipe including a leading side edge and a trailing side edge, a chamfered portion shorter than a sipe length of the sipe being formed in each of the leading side edge and the trailing side edge, a non-chamfered region including no other chamfered portion being present in a part facing each chamfered portion of the sipe, and, in a plan view of the tread portion, at least one of the chamfered portions including an outer edge profile line not parallel to a ridge line of the sipe.

Abstract: Provided is a pneumatic tire. A sipe is formed, on each of a leading side edge and a trailing side edge, with a chamfered portion shorter than a sipe length of a sipe, a non-chamfered region in which no other chamfered portion is present is provided in a part facing each of the chamfered portions, at least one end of the sipe communicates with the auxiliary groove, one end of the chamfered portion adjacent to the auxiliary groove in the rib communicates with the auxiliary groove, a maximum depth×(mm) of the sipe and a maximum depth y (mm) of the chamfered portion satisfy a relationship x×0.1?y?x×0.3+1.0, and a sipe width W of the sipe is constant in a range from an end positioned in the radial direction inside the chamfered portion to a groove bottom of the sipe.

Abstract: Provided is a pneumatic tire. A sipe includes, on each of a leading side edge and a trailing side edge, a chamfered portion and a non-chamfered region in which no other chamfered portion is present. A maximum depth of the chamfered portion is shallower than a maximum depth of the sipe, and a width of the sipe is substantially constant. In a cross-sectional view perpendicular to a lengthwise direction of the sipe, at least one chamfered portion has a profile line that projects outwards in the radial direction beyond a chamfer reference line connecting the end portions of the chamfered portion, and a cross-sectional area of a chamfered region that is surrounded by the profile line, the sipe, and a tread contact surface of a tread portion is smaller than a cross-sectional area of a reference region surrounded by the chamfer reference line, the sipe, and the tread contact surface.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire includes chamfered portions respectively formed on a leading side edge and a trailing side edge of a sipe. The sipe includes a non-chamfered region in which other chamfered portions are not present, in a plan view of a tread portion. At least one of the chamfered portions includes an outer edge profile line not parallel to a ridge line of the sipe. When the chamfered portion including the outer edge profile line not parallel to the ridge line of the sipe is divided into an inner region and an outer region corresponding to half a chamfer length of the chamfered portion in a tire width direction, a projected area of the outer region positioned on a rib outer side is larger than a projected area of the inner region positioned on a rib inner side.