Abstract: A first substrate and a second substrate located opposite each other with a gap therebetween are sealed at a predetermined position by a sealing portion and which seals the front and rear substrates in a given position and defines a sealed space between the front and rear substrates. The sealing portion has a ground layer formed on an inner surface of at least one of the first substrate and the second substrate, and a sealing layer made of an electrically conductive sealant and formed on the ground layer, the ground layer having a thickness of 5 to 22 ?m.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a negative first lens group, a diaphragm, a positive second lens group, and a positive third lens group, in this order from the object. Zooming is performed by moving the negative first lens group and the positive second lens group in the optical axis direction. The zoom lens system includes six lens elements; and the six lens elements are divided into the lens groups as follows: a negative first lens element and a positive second lens element, in this order from the object, are arranged to constitute the negative first lens group; a positive third lens element, a negative fourth lens element and a positive fifth lens element, all of which are bonded to each other, in this order from the object, are arranged to constitute the positive second lens group; and a positive sixth lens element is arranged to constitute the positive third lens group.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a negative first lens element, a positive second lens element and a positive third lens element, in this order from the object. Upon zooming from the short focal length extremity to the long focal length extremity, the positive second lens element and the positive third lens element move along the optical axis, while the negative first lens element remains stationary. Furthermore, the positive second lens element is directed to move from the image side toward the object side.

Abstract: The centrifugal impeller includes a plurality of blades (3), a plurality of fluid paths (P) for delivering a fluid from an impeller inlet (1) to an impeller outlet (2), and a shroud (4) and a hub (5) for forming the fluid paths (P). Each of the fluid paths (P) is formed between adjacent two of the blades (3). A curved line (L3) of the shroud (4) curves so as to project toward the hub (5) in a region from a blade inlet (A) to a predetermined position (C) of the blade (3), and the curved line (L3) curves so as to project toward the opposite side of the hub (5) in a region from the predetermined position (C) to a blade outlet (B).

Abstract: A camera system includes a lens unit and a camera body to which the lens unit is detachably attached. The lens unit has a photographing lens, an imaging device which receives light transmitted through the photographing lens, and a lens-side connecting terminal for electric connection. The camera body has a camera-side connecting terminal which is connectable to the lens-side connecting terminal, and a movable member which is movable between a first position that is close to the camera-side connecting terminal and a second position that is far from the camera-side connecting terminal. The camera-side connecting terminal is shut in the camera body when the movable member is in the first position, and the lens unit can be attached when the movable member is in the second position.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a negative first lens group and a positive second lens group. The negative first lens group includes a negative lens element and a positive lens element. The positive second lens group includes a positive lens element, a negative lens element, and a positive lens element. At least the object-side positive lens element and the negative lens element are cemented together. The zoom lens system of the present invention satisfies the following conditions: 1.5<f2G/(fT/fW)<3.0??(1) 1<f2G(mW?mT)/(fT/fW)<3??(2) wherein f2G: the focal length of the positive second lens group; mW: the lateral magnification of the positive second lens group at the short focal length extremity; and mT: the lateral magnification of the positive second lens group at the long focal length extremity; fT: the focal length of the entire zoom lens system at the long focal length extremity; and fW: the focal length of the entire zoom lens system at the short focal length extremity.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a negative first lens group, a diaphragm, and a positive second lens group, in this order from the object. Zooming is performed by moving the negative first lens group and the positive second lens group along an optical axis of the zoom lens system. The negative first lens group includes a negative first lens element, a negative second lens element, and a positive third lens element, in this order from the object. The zoom lens system satisfies the following condition: 0.7<ft/f2G<1.1??(1) wherein ft designates the focal length of the entire zoom lens system at the long focal length extremity; and f2G designates the focal length of the positive second lens group.

Abstract: A vacuum envelope of a flat display device comprises a front substrate and a rear substrate opposed to each other and a rectangular frame body provided between respective peripheral portions of the front substrate and the rear substrate. The frame body has projections that protrude outward from individual corner portions. In manufacture, the projections are nipped and pulled outward, and the frame body is positioned with respect to the substrates and joined thereto with a longitudinal tension applied to each side of the frame body.

Abstract: Structure of an automatic opening and closing system for a vehicle is simplified, thereby reducing the cost. A base end of an arm member is swingably connected to a back door. One end of a cable is fixed to the base end of the arm member, and the other end of the cable is fixed to a distal end of the arm member. A drum is provided in a close side of the base end of the arm member and open side of the distal end, and is fixed to an output shaft of a drive unit and driven to be rotated by an electric motor. Middle part of the cable is wound around the drum, and when the electric motor is actuated, the cable is reeled onto the drum so as to be actuated in the direction in which the base end or the distal end approaches the drum.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes ‘n’ (n?3) lens groups. A first lens group that is the most object-side lens group of said zoom lens system has a positive refractive power, and a final lens group that is the most image-side lens group of the zoom lens system has a negative refractive power. The distance from the most object-side surface of the positive first lens group to the most image-side surface of the negative final lens group becomes shortest at an intermediate focal length between the short focal length extremity and the long focal length extremity.

Abstract: A textile having durability of maintaining water- and sufficient oil-repellency and soil releasability before and after cleaning can be obtained by a method of preparing a treated textile, having steps of: (1) preparing a treatment liquid containing a water- and oil-repellent agent, (2) adjusting pH of the treatment liquid to at most 7, preferably at most 3, (3) applying the treatment liquid to a textile, (4) treating the textile with steam, and (5) washing the textile with water and dehydrating the textile, wherein the water- and oil-repellent agent is an emulsion containing a fluorine-containing compound and an emulsifier, the fluorine-containing compound is a fluorine-containing polymer and/or a fluorine-containing low molecular weight compound, and the emulsifier contains an anionic surface active agent having pKa of at least 2.

Abstract: An envelope of an image display device has a front substrate and a rear substrate opposed to the front substrate, and respective peripheral edge portions of the front substrate and the rear substrate are sealed together with a sealing layer which contains an electrically conductive sealing material. An electrode for energizing the sealing layer is attached to the envelope. The electrode is formed of an electrically conductive member, is in electrical contact with the sealing layer, and has a conduction portion exposed to the outside.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a positive first lens group, a negative second lens group. Zooming is performed by moving the first and second lens groups in the optical axis direction thereof. The most image-side lens element of the positive first lens group includes a positive lens element having at least one aspherical surface. The zoom lens system satisfies the following conditions: 4.5<fT/f1G<5.5 ??(1) 3.5<fT/fLasp<5.5 ??(2) wherein fT designates the focal length of the zoom lens system at the long focal length extremity; f1G designates the focal length of the positive first lens group; and fLasp designates the focal length of the positive lens element having the aspherical surface in the positive first lens group.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a negative first lens element, a positive second lens element and a positive third lens element, in this order from the object. Upon zooming from the short focal length extremity to the long focal length extremity, the positive second lens element and the positive third lens element move along the optical axis, while the negative first lens element remains stationary. Furthermore, the positive second lens element is directed to move from the image side toward the object side.

Abstract: An etching method for plasma etching a polysilicon film layer on a gate oxide film formed on a silicon substrate by introducing a processing gas into an airtight processing chamber comprises a main etching step for etching, by applying high frequency powers to the upper and the lower electrode, the polysilicon film in a depth direction of openings of a mask pattern serving as a mask, and an overetching step for removing, after the main etching step, residual parts of the polysilicon film, wherein in the middle of the main etching step, the high frequency power applied to the upper electrode is lowered down to a specific power level or lower, and the polysilicon film is etched until a part of the gate oxide film is exposed. Anisotropy in the profile can be improved while enhancing the selectivity of etching, and total etching rate can be prevented from being lowered.

Abstract: A plasma processing method includes a step of preparing a process subject having an organic layer on a surface thereof, and a step of irradiating the process subject with H2 plasma to improve plasma resistance of the organic layer.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a first lens group, a second lens group, a third lens group and a fourth lens group. Zooming is performed by moving each lens group in the optical axis direction. The zoom lens system satisfies the following conditions: 0.35<log(fT23/fW23)/log(ft/fw)<0.55 ??(1); 0.4<(LDW?LDT)/(ft/fw)<0.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a positive first lens group, a negative second lens group, a positive third lens group, and a negative fourth lens group, in this order from the object. Zooming is performed by moving the positive first through negative fourth lens groups along the optical axis. The zoom lens system satisfies the following condition: −12<fT/f4G<−10.5  (1) wherein fT designates the focal length of the entire zoom lens system at the long focal length extremity; and f4G designates the focal length of the negative fourth lens group.

Abstract: The manufacturing method of a flat panel display comprises facing a faceplate, which has a phosphor screen, to a rear plate, which has an electron emitting element, with a predetermined gap, and joining. At least one of a rear plate (20) and a faceplate (10) is accommodated in an electron beam cleaning chamber (42, 46), and, an electron beam (53) is irradiated onto the rear plate (20) or the faceplate (10) from an electron beam generator (52), which is disposed in the electron beam cleaning chamber (42, 46), in a vacuum atmosphere. Thereby, a surface adsorbed gas is sufficiently degassed. Thus, by sufficiently degassing the surface adsorbed gas in the display, the inside of a vacuum vessel as an envelope can be maintained in a high vacuum state.

Abstract: A zoom lens system includes a positive first lens group, a negative second lens group, a positive third lens group, and a negative fourth lens group. Zooming is performed by moving each of the positive first through the negative fourth lens groups along the optical axis. The zoom lens system satisfies the following condition: 0.35<(f23T/f23W)/(fT/fW)<0.55  (1) wherein f23T designates the combined focal length of the negative second lens and the positive third lens groups at the long focal length extremity; f23W designates the combined focal length of the negative second lens and the positive third lens groups at the short focal length extremity; fT designates the focal length of the entire the zoom lens system at the long focal length extremity; and fW designates the focal length of the entire the zoom lens system at the short focal length extremity.