Abstract: An information recording and reproducing method and apparatus with increased recording density of an information recording medium using the sample servo method driven with a fixed angular velocity from the innermost circumference to the outmost circumference. A disk-shaped recording medium is concentrically divided into a plurality of areas. Recording is performed with a recording density suited for the radial position of each of the areas. The width of the areas is set so that the recording capacity of a user data section sandwiched between servo sections forming a segment may increase with every transition to an outer adjacent area while taking one byte as a unit. The recording and reproducing apparatus has a clock generating circuit for servo data extraction and a clock generating circuit for user data extraction. The latter clock generating circuit is synchronized by a synchronizing pulse generated by the former clock generating circuit.

Abstract: A wiper arm device includes a wiper arm fixed at its base end to a wiper shaft which protrudes from a vehicle body. A washer nozzle provided on the wiper arm discharges washer liquid towards the windshield of the vehicle. A washer hose supplies the washer liquid to the washer nozzle and has one end protruding from a position which is near the wiper shaft and which is clear of the oscillation stroke of the wiper arm. The washer hose extends along the wiper arm so as to be connected at its other end to the washer nozzle. An arm cover is provided on the base end of the wiper arm so as to cover the end portion of the washer hose protruding from the vehicle body.

Abstract: According to this invention, the original cassette accommdates the color originals having difference sizes The original cassette is mounted on an original board. Plane scanning is carried out without causing flare by use of an image sensor in accordance with a transmissive method or a reflective method. Auxiliary scanning is then effected after executing a linear reading process, thereby obtaining image data of the whole. Printing plates of CMY and black (K) are directly outputted. Processing is performed by executing rough prescanning and fine main scanning when reading the image. The conditional parameters for processing the images are automatically (or manually) set based on the data stored. The images can be outputted at a high efficiency from a relation between the original and the photosensitive material. The image processing system of this invention has a function to indicate a speed preference mode, a photosensitive material consumption preference mode an a quality preference mode.

Abstract: A pipe connecting structure for a pipe-type modular wiper apparatus includes: a first bracket to which a wiper motor is fastened; and a second bracket to which a wiper shaft is fastened and which is, via a pipe member, integrally connected to the first bracket to which a wiper motor is fastened. The pipe member is integrally fastened to the brackets by integrally inserting a pipe nut into an insertion hole formed at a position at which the pipe member is connected to the bracket in such a manner that a bolt is, in a threaded manner, inserted from the bracket side in a state where the bracket is brought into contact with a head portion of the pipe nut projecting over the pipe member. A recess-groove shape fastening groove portion is formed in a portion of the first bracket to be tightened by the bolt, and the pipe fitting groove portion has a depth with which the pipe member can be fitted by a degree larger than the half of the pipe member.

Abstract: A structure for preventing movement of pivot bearings used in vehicular wiper devices, wherein a pivot shaft is rotatably supported by a sleeve mounted on a vehicle body through the intermediary of a pair of bearings at a predetermined axial spacing from each other. The pivot bearing fixing structure comprises slits formed in facing end surfaces of the bearings so as to divide the end portion of each bearing into an inner circumferential portion and an outer circumferential portion, ridges protruding inward radially from an inner surface of the inner circumferential portion of each bearing, the ridges being notched at a predetermined circumferential spacing so as to be elastically deformable radially outward, and recesses provided on an outer circumferential surface of the pivot shaft so as to receive the ridges thereby to fix the bearings against axial movement.

Abstract: An optical recording/reproducing system comprising an optical pickup for recording and/or reproducing of data with respect to an optical recording medium. A reflection factor and a signal amplitude are obtained from the optical recording medium to be driven by the the recording/reproducing system. A reference level for detection of dirt deposition on the optical pickup is obtained on the basis of the reflection factor and signal amplitude information. The reference level for the dirt deposition is compared with a reproduction signal level obtained from the optical recording medium. A determination as to whether dirt is deposited or not is made on the basis of the comparison results.

Abstract: Wiper arm equipment to be mounted on a glass surface of a wind shield of a vehicle. A wing of the wiper arm equipment is commonly used in the case of an installation on a production line of the wiper arm equipment and in the case of an optional installation. A pair of insert plates is planted in the wing as an integral part, and a pair of screw holes is bored on each insert plate with predetermined distance. One of the screw holes is arranged in a position facing the arm piece when the wing is to be mounted on the arm piece, and the other screw hole is arranged in a position other than that facing the arm piece. In the case of the optional installation, each pair of stays is fastened with a screw through the other screw hole so as to cover each insert plate.

Abstract: A rubber composition for an inner liner of a vehicular tire, high in stickiness before vulcanization and in adhesive strength after vulcanization and having good low temperature characteristics so as to effectively suppress crack formation in the inner liner. The rubber composition comprises a rubber component including halogenated butyl rubber ranging from 60 to 100 parts by weight, and diene rubber not more than 40 parts by weight. Tert-butylphenolacetylene resin is blended in a range from 0.5 to 10 parts by weight with 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.

Abstract: A rubber composition for an inner liner of a vehicular tire, having high crack formation preventing characteristics even during vehicle cruising at low temperatures. The rubber composition comprises a rubber component and a softener. The rubber component includes halogenated butyl rubber ranging from 60 to 100 parts by weight and diene rubber not more than 40 parts by weight. The softener ranges from 3 to 15 parts by weight relative to 100 parts by weight of the rubber component and includes a paraffin component constituting not less than 60 weight % and an aromatics component constituting not more than 5 weight %. Additionally, the rubber component after vulcanization has a storage elastic modulus at 10.degree. C., not higher than 1.4.times.10.sup.8 dyn/cm.sup.2, and a storage elastic modulus at -45.degree. C., not higher than 8.0.times.10.sup.9 dyn/cm.sup.2.

Abstract: Digital companding without range bits involves comparison of a digital input with predetermined boundaries separating a plurality of numerical ranges, detection of a numerical range to which the digital input belongs, generation of an off-set unique to each numerical range, bit-shifting of the digital input, and addition of the bit-shifted input with the generated off-set to provide a companded digital output which is in one-to-one correspondence to the digital input. The off-set values are stored in a memory.

Abstract: A multitrack PCM reproducing apparatus for reproducing PCM signals recorded on a plurality of tracks in a distributed relation, comprises a signal selector circuit sequentially selecting the PCM signals reproduced from the individual tracks, an A/D converter converting the reproduced signals selected by the signal selector circuit into digital signals, a memory circuit storing the digital signals obtained by the A/D conversion, a single digital filter equalizing for each track the waveform of the digital signals stored in the memory circuit, and a signal processor circuit demodulating the PCM signals on the basis of the digital signals processed by the digital filter.

Abstract: A PCM tape recording and reproducing apparatus for recording and reproducing an audio signal by using multitrack heads, comprises a frame interleaving device with a high dropout immunity function. The frame interleaving device comprises a distributor for successively distributing continuous interleaved input data between tracks, wihtin a multiplicity of tracks formed by splitting a magnetic tape, at a spacing of at least one track so that said continuous interleaved input data will not be shared between two continuous tracks in the same recording and reproducing direction, a data framing circuit for forming a frame out of data to be distributed to each of said tracks and for applying said frame with a synchronization signal at the top of said frame and with an error detection code at the end of said frame, and a delay circuit for delaying data associated with a track by one frame or more with respect to data associated with a neighboring track in the same recording and reproducing as said track.

Abstract: Errors in input data are concealed by interpolation using a mean value and the previous word which are automatically interchanged in accordance with the conditions of occurrence of errors. A series of data words in the input data is first modified into a form in which when the input word is erroneous it is replaced by correct input word immediately preceding the erroneous word. Then, in association with each word in the modified data word series a mean value between words immediately before and after that word or between that word and a word thereafter is produced, and if that word is the replaced word it is further replaced by the mean value produced in association with that data.

Abstract: In a magnetic recording and reproducing apparatus of 2-head helical scan type, an overlapping portion is formed at one end of each video track on a magnetic tape, and a PCM audio signal is recorded on this overlapping portion. Video/audio selective switching circuits are disposed on the input or output side of video and audio recording amplifiers, and video/audio selective switching circuits and video/audio playback equalizer circuits are disposed on the output side of video and audio playback amplifiers. Each of the heads acts as both of a video head and an audio head.

Abstract: A PCM recorder includes an A/D converter for converting an analog signal to a digital signal, an interleave unit for pseudo-randomizing the digital signal by rearranging on time base, a video tape recorder for recording the pseudo-randomized digital signal on a video tape, and a control circuit for controlling the interleave unit and the video tape recorder in a synchronized manner. Since the video tape recorder and the interleave unit are synchronously controlled, discontinuity of data at the joint of recording can be prevented even if recording is paused and restarted.

Abstract: A circuit for protecting a horizontal synchronous signal comprises a horizontal synchronous signal detecting circuit responsive to horizontal synchronous pulses included in a composite synchronous signal of a reproduced PCM signal, first and second horizontal synchronous pulse supplementing or adding circuits and an output switching circuit. The output switching circuit operates so that the first supplementing circuit delivers a first supplementary pulse in the absence of a single pulse of the original horizontal synchronous signal, and the second supplementing circuit produces one or more second supplementary pulses in the absence of a plurality of continuous pulses of the original horizontal synchronous signal.

Abstract: A PCM recording reproducing apparatus transforms the audio signal into PCM data for recording the signal as a PCM signal in the television signal format on the video tape used in VTR, and transforms the PCM signal reproduced in the VTR back into the audio signal. The PCM apparatus is provided with a sync signal detection protective circuit which ensure the detection of the sync signal in the reproduced PCM signal. The sync signal detection protective circuit selectively uses two kinds of time gate signals in consideration of skew noises and so on. When skew does not occur, the signal with a short gating duration is selected, and only when skew, dropout, jitter or the likes has occurred failing to sample the sync signal, the signal with a long gating duration is selected.

Abstract: An address on a magnetic tape to be searched and a current address of the magnetic tape which is read by playing back the tape are supplied to first arithmetic operation means to produce a signal indicative of the tape length to be fast moved and a signal indicative of the direction of the fast tape movement so that the tape is fast moved in the selected direction in response to the derived direction signal. Second arithmetic operation means watches address pitch signals produced during the fast tape movement and the tape length to be fast moved derived from the first arithmetic operation means, to release the fast tape movement when the predetermined length of tape has been fast moved.

Abstract: Digital data units representative of analog audio signal are constructed into a data unit sequence with an error detection code being added to each of the data units for detecting coding errors within the data unit, and data synchronizing signals are inserted one for every predetermined interval of the data unit sequence to constitute a PCM data sequence, which is recorded and reproduced. The number of times of coding errors detected within the data unit by the error detection code during the time period between one data synchronizing signal and the next following data synchronizing signal is monitored and when the number exceeds a first predetermined count, the audio output is muted, and when the number decreases below a second predetermined count which is much smaller than the first predetermined count, the muting mode of the audio output is released to prevent the noise output.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a vulcanizable rubber composition improved in a sulfur blooming obtained by coagulatingly keeping a supersaturated sulfur within said rubber composition. For preventing said sulfur blooming, in the present invention, a surface active agent such as sodium or potassium ethylxanthate, sodium or potassium isopropylxanthate, dialkyldithiophosphoric acid, diphenylthiourea, mercaptobenzothiazole, diphenylthiocarbazone, sodium oleate, sodium stearate or octadecylamineacetate is added to a rubber composition obtained by compounding sulfur as a vulcanizing agent in the amount of 0.5 to 10 parts by weight in relation to 100 parts by weight of rubber which may be any of natural rubber, synthetic rubber and the mixtures thereof.