Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a silicon substrate, and a NiSi layer provided on the silicon substrate aiming to suppress oxidation of the surface of a NiSi layer and the resistivity increase. The NiSi layer includes a bottom NiSi region and a top NiSi region. The bottom NiSi region provided in contact with silicon surface, and containing substantially no nitrogen. The top NiSi region is a nitrided NiSi region provided in contact with the bottom NiSi region, and containing nitrogen. The NiSi layer has a total thickness of 50 nm or below.

Abstract: In a two-dimensional data processing technique according to the present invention, there is provided a mechanism for inputting two-dimensional data, and for outputting a piece of two-dimensional data after subjected selectively to one of a plurality of predefined operations to a row or a column of the two-dimensional data; operation contents comprising an operation type which specifies the operation to be performed by the mechanism, an input target and an output target are designated; and at least one piece of operation contents is recorded in the designation order of the operation contents.

Abstract: A data/code conversion device receives confidential information, converts the confidential information into instruction codes for making a CPU provided in a semiconductor device perform its operation, and stores the instruction codes as dummy instruction codes in an external memory. One of the confidential information of which corresponding instruction code does not exist is converted into another instruction code as a dummy instruction code and stored, and correction data for reconstructing the confidential information from the instruction code is also stored in the external memory. In the semiconductor device, a decryption circuit for receiving the dummy instruction codes and the correction data stored in the external memory and performing decryption to obtain the confidential information is provided. Therefore, leakage of confidential information stored in the external memory can be reliably prevented with a relatively simple structure, so that the security level is increased.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a display device of an image forming apparatus capable of displaying information that the user wants to obtain in a visually easy-to-recognize manner. In a compound image forming apparatus provided with: one of original reading means for reading image information from an original, image receiving means for receiving image information from a terminal connected to a network and a line image receiving means for receiving image information from a telephone line; image forming means for forming an image based on the image information obtained by the means; and a display portion for displaying the condition of the apparatus, a display condition control portion is provided that changes the display condition of the display portion to a visually easy-to-recognize condition when the condition of the compound image forming apparatus is changed.

Abstract: An audio system according to the present invention comprises a drive unit for outputting multiplexed data comprised of audio data and file information, a network transmission unit for transmitting network data, in which the inputted multiplexed data is converted into a transfer format, and automatically correcting a variation between input and output cycles, a network reception unit for inversely format-converting the received network data and automatically correcting a variation between input and output cycles, and an amplifier unit for inputting the multiplexed data from the network reception unit and reducing an analogue output level until the completion of a setting change of the file information when a change is detected in the file information, wherein the audio data is seamlessly reproduced.

Abstract: When an image reading section reads an original color document a confidential portion of which is prepared in a specific color, an image processing apparatus receives authentication information such as a password from an operation section, and thereby compares the received authentication information with user information stored in a storage section so as to perform authentication. When the authentication is not completed, a controlling section issues an output stop instruction for the specific color to a color restricting section. The color restricting section deletes a specific color portion in the image data received from the image reading section. The image data the specific color portion of which is deleted is transmitted to an image forming section, and then printed out on recording paper.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a display device of an image forming apparatus capable of displaying information that the user wants to obtain in a visually easy-to-recognize manner. In a compound image forming apparatus provided with: one of original reading means for reading image information from an original, image receiving means for receiving image information from a terminal connected to a network and a line image receiving means for receiving image information from a telephone line; image forming means for forming an image based on the image information obtained by the means; and a display portion for displaying the condition of the apparatus, a display condition control portion is provided that changes the display condition of the display portion to a visually easy-to-recognize condition when the condition of the compound image forming apparatus is changed.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a display device of an image forming apparatus capable of displaying information that the user wants to obtain in a visually easy-to-recognize manner. In a complex image forming apparatus provided with: one of original reading means for reading image information from an original, image receiving means for receiving image information from a terminal connected to a network and a line image receiving means for receiving image information from a telephone line; image forming means for forming an image based on the image information obtained by the means; and a display portion for displaying the condition of the apparatus, a display condition control portion is provided that changes the display condition of the display portion to a visually easy-to-recognize condition when the condition of the complex image forming apparatus is changed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having a plurality of discharge trays is provided, from which a user can readily obtain printed sheets he has requested. The user inputs a secret code at an operating and displaying section, which secret code the user specified at the terminal device at the time of print request (S301). When a coincidence between the inputted secret code and a secret code stored in secret code storage section is judged (S303), the target discharge tray information corresponding to the secret code is read out from a secret code storage section (memory) and displayed on the operating and displaying section (S304). Accordingly, the user can visually recognize information about a discharge tray on which the user's requested printed sheets are discharged.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a display device of an image forming apparatus capable of displaying information that the user wants to obtain in a visually easy-to-recognize manner. In a complex image forming apparatus provided with: one of original reading means for reading image information from an original, image receiving means for receiving image information from a terminal connected to a network and a line image receiving means for receiving image information from a telephone line; image forming means for forming an image based on the image information obtained by the means; and a display portion for displaying the condition of the apparatus, a display condition control portion is provided that changes the display condition of the display portion to a visually easy-to-recognize condition when the condition of the complex image forming apparatus is changed.

Abstract: A two-dimensional data processing apparatus, a two-dimensional data processing method, and a computer readable recording medium recorded with a two-dimensional data processing program, capable of simultaneously establishing manipulative capability and data reusability, by rendering various totalization to be readily executed for tabular format data as it is.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus having a plurality of discharge trays is provided, from which a user can readily obtain printed sheets he has requested. The user inputs a secret code at an operating and displaying section, which secret code the user specified at the terminal device at the time of print request (S301). When a coincidence between the inputted secret code and a secret code stored in secret code storage section is judged (S303), the target discharge tray information corresponding to the secret code is read out from a secret code storage section (memory) and displayed on the operating and displaying section (S304). Accordingly, the user can visually recognize information about a discharge tray on which the user's requested printed sheets are discharged.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for sample current spectroscopy surface measurement to inspect crystailnity of a sample surface. An electron beam is irradiated onto a surface of a sample by an electron gun. A variable voltage source supplies an acceleration voltage which is variable to change an acceleration energy of the electron beam irradiated from the electron gun onto the sample surface. A sample current measurement means measures a sample current which flows into a sample when the electron beam is irradiated from the electron gun onto the sample surface. Variation of the sample current is detected by measuring the sample current by the sample current measurement means when the acceleration energy of the electron beam irradiated by the electron gun onto the sample surface is changed by the variable voltage source, thereby crystallinity of the sample surface is inspected.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring crystal strain in a microscopic region within a semiconductor crystal.

Abstract: A wafer defect detection apparatus includes a moving device for moving the wafer in a parallel direction to the wafer's surface, a light-emitting device for emitting an incident light on the surface of the wafer, a light-receiving device for receiving a reflected light reflected by the (111) crystal plane of the wafer, and a rotating device for rotating the wafer with respect to a line perpendicular to the wafer surface as a rotation axis, the [001] direction of the wafer being parallel to the normal line direction of the surface of the wafer. The light-emitting device is arranged in the direction tilted by (57.7.degree.-.alpha.) from the rotation axis and the incident light impinges on the position where the rotation axis intersects the surface of the wafer. The light-receiving device is arranged in the direction tilted by (54.7.degree.+.alpha.) in the direction same as that of the light-emitting device from the rotation axis, and the value of .alpha. is -35.3.degree. to 35.3.degree. excluding 0.degree..

Abstract: An optical fiber characteristic measuring device for automatically measuring, at successive measuring stages, various characteristics of optical fiber samples. Each measuring stage has optical system incident and emergent ends. An optical fiber sample is set in a carrier which moves from measuring stage to measuring stage. At each stage the set fiber sample is coupled to the incident and emergent ends of the stage and automatically subjected to the measurement to which the stage is dedicated. Bending units provide a desired degree of curvature to the fiber sample under test to control light propagation therein.

Abstract: An optical fiber characteristic measuring method and apparatus are disclosed whereby measurements of a plurality of different parameters of an optical fiber can be carried out automatically and successively with a minimum of operator time required. A stage is provided which is movable along a straight line, and a setting station is arranged in the direction of movement of the stage. A plurality of measurement stations are provided having first holders for holding fibers provided on the side of the measuring devices and arranged along a straight line extending parallel to the direction of movement of the stage with a predetermined distance therebetween. The stage is provided with a plurality of second holders for holding the optical fibers to be measured, with the second holders being arranged along a straight line extending parallel to the direction of arrangement of the first holders with the same distance as the predetermined distance therebetween.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the cut-off wavelength of a single-mode optical fiber includes two fiber bending devices one of which provides the fiber, during test, with a large radius bend and the other of which provides the fiber, during test, with a small radius bend. The outputs from the fiber during the large and small radius bending are compared in order to precisely measure the cut-off wavelength.