Abstract: A substrate processing technique including: (a) modifying a first base surface of a substrate by supplying a first modifier and a second modifier to the substrate having a surface on which the first base and a second base are exposed, wherein the first modifier contains one or more atoms to which at least one first functional group and at least one second functional group are directly bonded, wherein the second modifier contains an atom to which at least one first functional group and at least one second functional group are directly bonded, and wherein the number of the at least one first functional group contained in one molecule of the second modifier is smaller than the number of the at least one first functional group contained in one molecule of the first modifier; and (b) forming a film on a second base surface by supplying film-forming gas to the substrate.

Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes: etching a first film exposed on a surface of a substrate by performing a cycle a predetermined number of times, the cycle including non-simultaneously performing: (a) forming a first modified layer in at least a portion of a surface of the first film by supplying a first gas to the substrate; and (b) etching at least a portion of the first film with an etching species, the etching species being generated by supplying a second gas having a molecular structure different from that of the first gas to the substrate to perform at least one selected from the group of causing the second gas to react with the first modified layer and activating the first modified layer with the second gas.

Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes: (a) supplying an adsorption suppressor to a substrate having a surface on which a first base and a second base are exposed under a first temperature to adsorb the adsorption suppressor on a surface of one base of the first base and the second base; (b) thermally annealing the substrate under a second temperature higher than the first temperature after adsorbing the adsorption suppressor on the surface of the one base; and (c) forming a film on a surface of the other base different from the one base of the first base and the second base by supplying a film-forming gas to the thermally-annealed substrate under a third temperature lower than the second temperature.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem of providing a formulation for applying a semaphorin inhibitor without surgery to remove the dura mater. A sheet formulation comprising a semaphorin inhibitor for treating spinal cord injury or brain injury by epidural administration is provided.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a decoding device comprises a converter configured to convert read data to first likelihood information by using a first conversion table, a decoder which decodes the first likelihood information, a controller which outputs a decoding result of the decoder when the decoder succeeds decoding, and a creator module which creates a second conversion table based on the decoding result when the decoder fails decoding. When the second conversion table is created, at least a part of the decoding result is converted to second likelihood information by using the second conversion table the second likelihood information is decoded.

Abstract: A flexible semiconductor device including a light-emitting element and a sensor element is provided. The semiconductor device includes a sensor device, a processor, and a communication device. The sensor device includes a first pixel and a second pixel formed over a flexible substrate. The first pixel includes a light-emitting element and a first transistor. The second pixel includes a sensor element having a photoelectric conversion function and a second transistor. Light emitted from the light-emitting element has a peak wavelength. A range of wavelength sensed by the sensor element includes the peak wavelength. A semiconductor layer of the first transistor and a semiconductor layer of the second transistor include the same element. A pixel electrode of the light-emitting element has a function of being electrically connected to the first transistor and a function of blocking diffusion light to the sensor element.

Abstract: A shock absorber includes a holding member that holds a rod. Inside the holding member, there is formed a flow path through which oil passes. The flow path include a first flow path extending along an axis of the rod from one end of the holding member in an axial direction, a second flow path extending from one end portion of the first flow path along a radial direction of the rod, and a third flow path extending along the axis of the rod from one end portion of the second flow path to the other end of the holding member in the axial direction.

Abstract: An imaging device capable of image processing is provided. The imaging device can retain analog data (image data) obtained by an image-capturing operation in a pixel and perform a product-sum operation of the analog data and a predetermined weight coefficient in the pixel to convert the data into binary data. When the binary data is taken in a neural network or the like, processing such as image recognition can be performed. Since enormous volumes of image data can be retained in pixels in the state of analog data, processing can be performed efficiently.

Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes: modifying a surface of first base exposed on a substrate by supplying modifying gas including the first base and second base exposed on the substrate; and selectively forming a film containing at least first element and second element different from the first element on a surface of the second base by supplying precursor gas to the substrate after the surface of the first base is modified, under condition that film-forming reaction by thermal decomposition of the precursor gas does not substantially occur, the precursor gas containing a compound in which atoms of the first element are contained in one molecule, at least one atom of the second element is interposed between two atoms of the first element, and each of the two atoms of the first element is directly bonded to one of the at least one atom of the second element.

Abstract: A high-definition display device is provided. A small display device is provided. In the display device, a first layer and a second layer are stacked and provided. The first layer includes a gate driver circuit and a source driver circuit, and the second layer includes a display portion. The gate driver circuit and the source driver circuit are provided to include a region overlapping with the display portion. The gate driver circuit and the source driver circuit have an overlap region where they are not strictly separated from each other. Five or more gate driver circuits and five or more source driver circuits can be provided.

Abstract: To provide a porous dielectric particle capable of achieving a lithium ion secondary battery having a high volumetric energy density, a high output, and being scarcely deteriorated in the output property even after charge and discharge are repeated, an electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery including the porous dielectric particle, and a lithium ion secondary battery using the electrode for a lithium ion secondary battery. A porous dielectric oxide is used, and this is dispersed and disposed in gaps between active material particles of an electrode. Specifically, as a particle to be blended in an electrode of a lithium ion secondary battery including an electrolytic solution, porous dielectric particles in which at least a part of a surface of porous core particles is coated with dielectric oxide is used.

Abstract: An imaging device capable of image processing is provided. The imaging device can retain analog data (image data) obtained by an image-capturing operation in a pixel and perform a product-sum operation of the analog data and a predetermined weight coefficient in the pixel to convert the data into binary data. When the binary data is taken in a neural network or the like, processing such as image recognition can be performed. Since enormous volumes of image data can be retained in pixels in the state of analog data, processing can be performed efficiently.

Abstract: The present invention provides a measurement method capable of measuring a physical property value of light output based on a pixel value at any coordinates in an original image. According to the present invention, provided is a measurement method including a display control step of displaying a patch image generated based on a pixel value at target coordinates in the original image, on a display screen at patch display coordinates different from the target coordinates; and a measurement control step of measuring the physical property value of the light from the patch image displayed on the display screen.

Abstract: A semiconductor device in which the accuracy of arithmetic operation is increased by correction of the threshold voltage of a transistor can be provided. The semiconductor device includes first and second current supply circuits, and the second current supply circuit has the same configuration as the first current supply circuit. The first current supply circuit includes first and second transistors, a first capacitor, and first to third nodes. A first terminal of the first transistor is electrically connected to the first node, and a back gate of the first transistor is electrically connected to a first terminal of the second transistor and a first terminal of the first capacitor. A gate of the first transistor is electrically connected to the second node, and a second terminal of the first capacitor is electrically connected to a second terminal of the first transistor.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a decoding device comprises a converter configured to convert read data to first likelihood information by using a first conversion table, a decoder which decodes the first likelihood information, a controller which outputs a decoding result of the decoder when the decoder succeeds decoding, and a creator module which creates a second conversion table based on the decoding result when the decoder fails decoding. When the second conversion table is created, at least a part of the decoding result is converted to second likelihood information by using the second conversion table the second likelihood information is decoded.

Abstract: An imaging device that can obtain imaging data corresponding to high-resolution images in a short period of time is provided. The imaging device includes a pixel including a photoelectric conversion element and n (n is an integer more than 2 inclusive) retention circuits. The photoelectric conversion element and the n retention circuits are stacked. One electrode of the photoelectric conversion element is electrically connected to the first to n-th retention circuits. The retention circuits include OS transistors with an extremely low off-state current feature, and can retain imaging data for a long time. In the first to n-th periods, the imaging device obtains the first to n-th imaging data and retains it in the first to n-th retention circuits. Then, the first to n-th imaging data retained in the first to n-th retention circuits are read out. The read imaging data is output outside the imaging data through AD conversion.

Abstract: There is provided a technique that includes: (a) modifying a surface of a first base exposed on a surface of a substrate to be terminated with a hydrocarbon group by supplying a hydrocarbon group-containing gas to the substrate having the first base and a second base exposed on the surface of the substrate; and (b) selectively forming a film on a surface of the second base by supplying an oxygen- and hydrogen-containing gas to the substrate after modifying the surface of the first base.

Abstract: A metal contact member 10 includes a metal sheet 15, which has a plurality of streaky projecting portions extend along each other on a front surface 15A of the metal sheet 15. A rubber switch member 12 includes the metal contact member 10 and a rubber switch body 11 joined to the metal contact member 10.

Abstract: An optical functional resin panel includes an injection molding resin, a base film, an ultraviolet curable hard coat layer provided on a surface of the base film, and a reflectance control layer provided on a surface of the hard coat layer, in which the reflectance control layer has a thickness variation of 10% or less, and the base film, the hard coat layer, and the reflectance control layer have a surface hardness increasing in this order.

Abstract: There is provide a technique that includes: etching a base exposed on a surface of a substrate by performing a cycle a predetermined number of times, the cycle including non-simultaneously performing: (a) forming a modified layer on a surface of the base by supplying a modifying agent to the base; and (b) causing a reaction between a halogen-containing radical and the base by supplying a halogen-containing gas to the modified layer such that the modified layer reacts with the halogen-containing gas to generate the halogen-containing radical.