Abstract: Provided is a multi-value optical transmitter in which a DC bias may be controlled to be stabilized so as to obtain stable optical transmission signal quality in multi-value modulation using a dual-electrode MZ modulator. The multi-value optical transmitter includes: D/A converters for performing D/A conversion on first and second modulation data which are set based on an input data series, so as to generate a first and a second multi-value signal, respectively; a dual-electrode MZ modulator including phase modulators for modulating light from a light source based on the first multi-value signal and the second multi-value signal, so as to combine optical signals from the phase modulators to output the optical multi-value signal; an optical output power monitor for detecting average power of the optical multi-value signal; and a DC bias control unit for controlling a DC bias for the dual-electrode MZ modulator, so as to maximize the average power.

Abstract: A full-length cDNA encoding novel proteins involved in the control of cell proliferation (human Gros1-L and S) was successfully isolated from the human testis cDNA libraries. A full-length cDNA encoding the mouse homologues of the human Gros1 (mouse Gros1-L and S) was also isolated. The colony forming activity of cells exogenously expressing Gros1-L was significantly reduced, while that of cells expressing Gros1 antisense RNA was significantly increased.

Abstract: An FEC frame structuring device includes a multi-lane distributing unit that distributes a data frame to be transmitted to n lanes, FEC coding units each performs FEC coding of the distributed data frame independently for each of the n lanes to generate an FEC frame, a multiplexing unit that multiplexes the FEC frame from the FEC coding units by relating to m channels of an optical signal, a demultiplexing unit that demultiplexes the m channels of the received optical signal by relating to the n lanes, FEC decoding units each performs FEC decoding of the demultiplexed FEC frame independently for each of the n lanes, and a multi-lane synchronizing unit that synchronizes the n lanes with each other after the FEC decoding performed by the FEC decoding units to reconstruct the original data frame.

Abstract: An optical receiving apparatus includes: an A/D converting circuit; a received-signal demodulating circuit that demodulates a received digital signal from the A/D converting circuit into an m-bit received signal; a soft-decision-data generating circuit that generates n-bit (n?m) soft-decision data based on the m-bit received signal; and an error correcting circuit that performs error correction based on the n-bit soft-decision data and outputs an error-corrected received signal. The soft-decision-data generating circuit generates soft-decision data of n bits (n=p+1) that corresponds to a determination result according to 2n?1 soft-decision thresholds, by using an MSB of the m-bit received signal as hard-decision data, and by using, as reliability information, a result of comparison between a plurality of bits (k bits, where k?m) on an MSB side of the m-bit received signal and a fixed threshold, or p bits (p?m?k) selected from (m?k) bits on an LSB side of the m-bit received signal.

Abstract: A repeater includes a variable optical attenuating unit that collectively attenuates WDM optical signal input, an optical-attenuation adjusting unit that adjusts attenuation in the variable optical attenuating unit, and an optical amplifying unit that collectively amplifies and outputs the WDM optical signal collectively attenuated, to a downstream side. An optical-attenuation adjusting unit includes an input level detector; an output level detector; an output-level transmitting unit that receives information of a signal level of WDM optical signal output by a repeater at an upstream side and transmits information of a signal level of the WDM optical signal detected by the output level detector to a repeater at a downstream side; and an attenuation amount controller that controls the variable optical attenuating unit by calculating an attenuation amount thereof based on information of a signal level detected by the input level detector and a signal level received by the output-level transmitting unit.

Abstract: A full-length cDNA encoding novel proteins involved in the control of cell proliferation (human Gros1-L and S) was successfully isolated from the human testis cDNA libraries. A full-length cDNA encoding the mouse homologues of the human Gros1 (mouse Gros1-L and S) was also isolated. The colony forming activity of cells exogenously expressing Gros1-L was significantly reduced, while that of cells expressing Gros1 antisense RNA was significantly increased.

Abstract: A full-length cDNA encoding novel proteins involved in the control of cell proliferation (human Gros1-L and S) was successfully isolated from the human testis cDNA libraries. A full-length cDNA encoding the mouse homologues of the human Gros1 (mouse Gros1-L and S) was also isolated. The colony forming activity of cells exogenously expressing Gros1-L was significantly reduced, while that of cells expressing Gros1 antisense RNA was significantly increased.

Abstract: A full-length cDNA encoding novel proteins involved in the control of cell proliferation (human Gros1-L and S) was successfully isolated from the human testis cDNA libraries. A full-length cDNA encoding the mouse homologues of the human Gros1 (mouse Gros1-L and S) was also isolated. The colony forming activity of cells exogenously expressing Gros1-L was significantly reduced, while that of cells expressing Gros1 antisense RNA was significantly increased.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes an insulating film formed on a semiconductor substrate, a plurality of active areas formed on the insulating film from a semiconductor layer which is formed integrally with the substrate through openings of the insulating film, the active areas being formed by being divided into a striped shape by a plurality of trenches reaching an upper surface of the insulating film, the active areas having upper surfaces and sides respectively, a first gate insulating film formed so as to cover the upper surfaces and sides of the active areas, a charge trap layer having a face located on the first gate insulating film and confronting the upper surfaces and the sides of the active areas with the first gate insulating film being interposed therebetween, a second gate insulating film formed on the charge trap layer, and a gate electrode formed on the second gate insulating film.

Abstract: The present invention includes an optical band-limiting filter which imposes a band-limitation on an input optical signal, an opto-electric converter which converts the optical signal output from the optical band-limiting filter into an electric signal, a lowpass filter which imposes the band-limitation on the electric signal output from the opto-electric converter, an amplifier which amplifies the output signal of the lowpass filter, and an electric equalizer which performs an equalization processing on a waveform of the electric signal output from the opto-electric converter are provided, and a full width at half maximum of the optical band-limiting filter is set to be equivalent to or smaller than a bit rate frequency of the optical signal.

Abstract: A bias circuit that supplies bias voltage or bias current to one end of a transmission line includes an inductor that prohibits a high frequency component of a baseband signal transmitted on the transmission line and passes a frequency component near direct current of the baseband signal, and an impedance-decrease prevention element that prevents impedance from decreasing, when viewed from the transmission line, that is produced due to a resonance between a parasitic capacitance generated due to the inductor and an inductance of the inductor.

Abstract: An optical modulation processing section is provided which, in turn, includes a signal carrier-suppressed pulse modulating unit that performs signal carrier-suppressed pulse modulation on a light source signal to thereby create a CS-RZ signal, a phase modulating unit that performs phase modulation on a data signal based on the CS-RZ signal to thereby convert the data signal to a phase-modulated signal, and an optical filtering unit that filters out redundant frequency components included in the phase modulation signal.

Abstract: A bias circuit that supplies bias voltage or bias current to one end of a transmission line includes an inductor that prohibits a high frequency component of a baseband signal transmitted on the transmission line and passes a frequency component near direct current of the baseband signal, and an impedance-decrease prevention element that prevents impedance from decreasing, when viewed from the transmission line, that is produced due to a resonance between a parasitic capacitance generated due to the inductor and an inductance of the inductor.

Abstract: If no alarm is input from an optical receiver, an FEC decoder, or a client signal monitor, a control circuit controls a variable dispersion equalizer such that a transmission error becomes smaller using information on the number of error corrections obtained from the FEC decoder and fixes a dispersion equalization value in the event that the error becomes equal to or lower than a specified value. If the alarm information is input, the control circuit switches control over the variable dispersion equalizer from an ordinary control to a search mode control for searching an optimal dispersion equalization value in a wide range to thereby search the optimal dispersion equalization value at a higher speed.

Abstract: A gene expressed specifically in the testis has been unexpectedly isolated in the course of studies of the expression of a gene encoding an unknown protein that triggers cell death. The isolated gene was a novel gene sequence that had no significant homologue in the database. This gene was also found to be involved in the regulation of differentiation in the testis and to encode a protein, Tesmin, which may regulate the differentiation of spermatogeneous cells into primary spermatocytes. Tesmin proteins are described herein, as are antibodies that bind to such proteins.

Abstract: An optical divider divides an optical input signal into a plurality of paths. A plurality of optical-to-electrical converters respectively converts the divided optical input signals into electrical signals. A plurality of discriminators respectively outputs discrimination results by discriminating the electrical signals output from the optical-to-electrical converters based on predetermined treshholds. An operational circuit performs a predetermined logical operation with the discriminators.

Abstract: A laser light source outputs a virtually linearly-polarized light beam that has plural mode components arranged at an interval of an almost equal angular frequency. A polarization dispersion device is connected to the laser light source in such a way that a polarization axis of the polarization dispersion device is at 45° with respect to a polarization axis of the light beam output from the laser light source. This polarization dispersion device effects on the light beam output from the laser light source a polarization mode dispersion that is not in the vicinity of (2?/??), where ?? is a mode interval angular frequency.

Abstract: A full-length cDNA encoding novel proteins involved in the control of cell proliferation (human Gros1-L and S) was successfully isolated from the human testis cDNA libraries. A full-length cDNA encoding the mouse homologues of the human Gros1 (mouse Gros1-L and S) was also isolated. The colony forming activity of cells exogenously expressing Gros1-L was significantly reduced, while that of cells expressing Gros1 antisense RNA was significantly increased.

Abstract: A full-length cDNA encoding novel proteins involved in the control of cell proliferation (human Gros1-L and S) was successfully isolated from the human testis cDNA libraries. A full-length cDNA encoding the mouse homologues of the human Gros1 (mouse Gros1-L and S) was also isolated. The colony forming activity of cells exogenously expressing Gros1-L was significantly reduced, while that of cells expressing Gros1 antisense RNA was significantly increased.

Abstract: There is provided a portable information terminal having a built-in radio communications device which minimizes a drop in the voltage of a battery and diminishes the operation threshold voltage of the portable information terminal, thereby lengthening the operatable time of the terminal. In the portable information terminal, when a radio communications section is in a transmission state, a microprocessor of an interface and a microprocessor of an information processing section are brought into a hold state, thereby deactivating the interface and the information processing section. As a result, the operating current required during transmission can be minimized. When the radio communications section is not in a transmission state, the information processing section and the interface are activated.