Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: a photoconductor; an exposing device configured to expose the photoconductor and form an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor; a developing device including a developing roller configured to form a developer image on the photoconductor; a developer storage storing developer; a supplier configured to supply the developer from the developer storage to the developing device; and a controller configured to execute: a rotating process of rotating the developing roller; a developing process of developing, by the developing device, the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor; a supplying process of supplying, by the supplier, the developer to the developing device; and a stopping process of stopping rotation of the developing roller after the supplying process has been suspended in a case where the supplying process is being executed.

Abstract: In a heat exchange unit, a shutter device is disposed on a vehicle front side with respect to a coolant heat exchanger to open and close a passage for traveling air directed toward the coolant heat exchanger. A blower is switchable between a first blowing state in which air flows from the vehicle front side to the vehicle rear side and a second blowing state in which air flows from the vehicle rear side to the vehicle front side. In a case where a switch that makes a vehicle travelable is in an on state, a control unit switches the blower to the second blowing state, while an open degree of the shutter device is set at a closing side from a maximum open degree of the shutter device when a temperature of the engine coolant is equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature determination value.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-linear optical crystal containing pyridinium represented by the following Formula (1), 4-substituted phenylsulfonate represented by the following Formula (2a), and 2,4,6-substituted phenylsulfonate represented by the following Formula (2b).

Abstract: A photosensitive drum is rotatable about a first axis extending in a particular direction. A frame rotatably supports the photosensitive drum. A developing roller is rotatable according to driving force about a second axis extending in the particular direction. A surface of the developing roller contacts a surface of the photosensitive drum through toner. A resistance generating member generates a resistance torque TQ1 serving as resistance between the frame and photosensitive drum in a case where the photosensitive drum rotates relative to the frame. In a case where the developing roller rotates according to the driving force in a state where the surface of the developing roller contacts the surface of the photosensitive drum through toner, the resistance torque TQ1 is smaller than a torque TQ2 that causes the photosensitive drum to rotate due to friction between the surface of the developing roller and the surface of the photosensitive drum.

Abstract: A measurement auxiliary member is placed on an arrangement surface of a prism. A measurement object is placed on an upper surface of the measurement auxiliary member. The measurement auxiliary member totally reflects the terahertz wave input from a lower surface by the upper surface and outputs the totally-reflected terahertz wave from the lower surface. A main pulse of a terahertz wave totally reflected by the upper surface of the measurement auxiliary member without multiply-reflected inside any optical element on an optical path of the terahertz wave, and a noise pulse of a terahertz wave multiply-reflected inside any optical element on the optical path and reflected on an interface between the prism and the measurement auxiliary member, are temporally separated from each other when detecting a correlation by a terahertz wave detection element.

Abstract: A cooling device for an automobile that includes a front opening opened in a front engine room, a first air blower arranged in the front engine room on a front side of a drive engine, and an introduction passage for guiding, toward the first air blower, air to flow from the front side of the front opening through the front opening is configured to cool the drive engine with the air flow passing from the introduction passage to the drive engine via the first air blower. The cooling device includes a duct having a first opening opened in the introduction passage and a second opening opened to rear of the drive engine in the front engine room, to form an air passage for air to flow between the first opening and the second opening.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: a housing; a photoconductor; a developing unit configured to form a developer image on the photoconductor; a developer cartridge storing developer, the cartridge being removably mountable on the housing, a supplier configured to supply the developer from the developer cartridge to the developing unit; and a controller configured to execute a first printing process of forming a developer image by use of the developer supplied from the developer cartridge, when the developer cartridge is being mounted on the housing, and a second printing process of forming a developer image by use of the developer remaining in the developing unit, when a usage amount of the developing unit is not less than a predetermined value and the developer cartridge is not being mounted on the housing, wherein the controller does not execute the second printing process when the usage amount is less than the predetermined value.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: a photoconductor; a developing device; a developer storage; a supplier configured to supply developer; an optical sensor; and a controller configured to execute: a developing process of developing an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor; a usage-amount obtaining process of obtaining a usage amount of the developer; a supplying process of supplying the developer to the developing device every time when the obtained usage amount becomes equal to or greater than a first threshold; and a detecting process of detecting, by the optical sensor, an amount of the developer in the developing device every time when the obtained usage amount becomes equal to or greater than a second threshold larger than the first threshold, and wherein the controller is configured to execute the detecting process in a period different from a period in which the developing process is being executed.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: a photoconductor; an exposing device configured to expose the photoconductor and form an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor; a developing device including a developing roller configured to form a developer image on the photoconductor; a transfer device configured to transfer the developer image to a sheet; a developer storage storing developer; a supplier configured to supply the developer from the developer storage to the developing device; a sheet feeder configured to convey the sheet toward the transfer device; a sheet sensor configured to detect the sheet conveyed toward the transfer device; and a controller, wherein the controller is configured to start a supplying process of supplying, by the supplier, the developer to the developing device before formation of the electrostatic latent image corresponding to the sheet is started, based on a signal indicating that the sheet sensor has detected the sheet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: a photoconductor; an exposing device configured to expose the photoconductor and form an electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor; a developing device including a developing roller configured to form a developer image on the photoconductor; a developer storage storing developer; a supplier configured to supply the developer from the developer storage to the developing device; and a controller configured to execute: a rotating process of rotating the developing roller; a developing process of developing, by the developing device, the electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor; a supplying process of supplying, by the supplier, the developer to the developing device; and a stopping process of stopping rotation of the developing roller after the supplying process has been suspended in a case where the supplying process is being executed.

Abstract: An intercooler that cools intake air supercharged into an engine by a supercharger by exchanging heat with a cooling medium includes a heat exchange portion in which heat is exchanged between the cooling medium flowing inside a channel tube and the supercharged intake air flowing outside the channel tube. The cooling medium includes a first cooling medium and a second cooling medium hotter than the first cooling medium. The channel tube includes a first cooling medium channel where the first cooling medium flows and a second cooling medium channel where the second cooling medium flows. The channel tube includes a first U-turn portion forcing a flow of the first cooling medium flowing the first cooling medium channel to make a U-turn, and a second U-turn portion forcing a flow of the second cooling medium flowing the second cooling medium channel to make a U-turn.

Abstract: A seat frame for a vehicle seat includes a seat cushion frame that forms a frame for a seating portion of the vehicle seat, and a height adjustment mechanism that is coupled to the seat cushion frame and a rail mechanism of the vehicle seat. The height adjustment mechanism adjusts the height of the seat cushion frame. The height adjustment mechanism includes a sector gear that rotates based on a height adjustment operation, a link that moves the height of the seat cushion frame up and down based on the rotation of the sector gear, and a restriction member that abuts against the sector gear, thereby restricting the movement of the sector gear. At least one of portions of the sector gear and the restriction member that abut against each other has a tapered shape.

Abstract: A resin molding is provided. The resin molding includes an optically transparent plate-shaped portion which consists essentially of a single material and which includes a first surface having a smooth surface portion, and a second surface having plural convex portions. Each of the plural convex portions includes a first inclined surface having a concavo-convex portion thereon; and a second inclined surface having a smooth surface portion. The concavo-convex portion allows at least part of light incident from the first surface to cause total reflection, diffraction and interference and to travel toward the smooth surface portion of the second inclined surface, and the smooth surface portion selectively reflects visible light in a predetermined wavelength range toward the first surface, so that when the first surface of the resin molding is observed from outside, the resin molding has a colored appearance with at least one color in addition to a metallic appearance.

Abstract: A cooling device for an automobile that includes a front opening opened in a front engine room, a first air blower arranged in the front engine room on a front side of a drive engine, and an introduction passage for guiding, toward the first air blower, air to flow from the front side of the front opening through the front opening is configured to cool the drive engine with the air flow passing from the introduction passage to the drive engine via the first air blower. The cooling device includes a duct having a first opening opened in the introduction passage and a second opening opened to rear of the drive engine in the front engine room, to form an air passage for air to flow between the first opening and the second opening.

Abstract: A resin molding is provided. The resin molding includes an optically transparent plate-shaped portion, which has a first surface having a smooth surface portion, and a second surface having plural sections, wherein each of the plural sections has a width and includes one or more convex portions which have one or more ridge lines extending in a ridge line direction. The ridge line direction of the one or more convex portions of at least one of the plural sections is different from the ridge line direction of the one or more convex portions of one or more of others of the plural sections. When the first surface of the resin molding is observed from outside, the resin molding has metallic appearance.

Abstract: Disclosed is a non-linear optical crystal containing pyridinium represented by the following Formula (1), 4-substituted phenylsulfonate represented by the following Formula (2a), and 2,4,6-substituted phenylsulfonate represented by the following Formula (2b).

Abstract: In an intake air cooling device, a heat-exchanging core portion in an intercooler has an intake-air downstream-side core portion and an intake-air upstream-side core portion located upstream of the intake-air downstream-side core portion in a flow of intake air. The intake-air downstream-side core portion is located upstream of the intake-air upstream-side core portion in a flow of a cooling fluid. The intercooler has a U-turn portion at which a flow direction of the cooling fluid turns around between the intake-air downstream-side core portion and the intake-air upstream-side core portion. A flow rate control device intermittently supplies the intercooler with a predetermined volume of the cooling fluid at a time. The predetermined volume is a value determined on basis of a volumetric capacity of a cooling fluid channel in the intake-air downstream-side core portion.

Abstract: In a terahertz-wave spectrometer, a spectroscopic prism is provided with a prism part slidable with respect to a main part thereof. Along the sliding direction, an arrangement surface in an upper face of the prism part is provided with a plurality of arrangement regions K to be arranged with objects to be measured. Therefore, after completing the measurement of optical constants for one object, the prism part is slid, so as to shift the next object onto an optical path of a terahertz wave T, whereby a plurality of objects can be measured smoothly without cleaning the arrangement surface.

Abstract: A seat frame for a vehicle seat includes a seat cushion frame that forms a frame for a seating portion of the vehicle seat, and a height adjustment mechanism that is coupled to the seat cushion frame and a rail mechanism of the vehicle seat. The height adjustment mechanism adjusts the height of the seat cushion frame. The height adjustment mechanism includes a sector gear that rotates based on a height adjustment operation, a link that moves the height of the seat cushion frame up and down based on the rotation of the sector gear, and a restriction member that abuts against the sector gear, thereby restricting the movement of the sector gear. At least one of portions of the sector gear and the restriction member that abut against each other has a tapered shape.

Abstract: In this electric field vector detection method, an electro-optic crystal, where a (111) surface of an optical isotropic medium is cut out, is used as a terahertz wave detection element. The method includes: causing polarization of probe light of ultrashort pulsed light to be circular polarization; allowing the probe light having circular polarization to enter the terahertz wave detection element and probing the terahertz wave; modulating the probe light, having probed the terahertz wave, by a rotating analyzer and detecting the modulated probe light by a photodetector; performing lock-in detection of a detection signal from the photodetector by a lock-in detector using a frequency based on a rotational frequency of the rotating analyzer as a reference signal; and detecting an electric field vector of the terahertz wave based on a detection signal from the lock-in detector.