Abstract: The image recording method and apparatus are used to record an image formed by a group of light source elements disposed in a two-dimensional manner corresponding to recording pixels on a recording medium. In the image recording method and apparatus, an image recording position on the recording medium by the group of light source elements is moved in a direction that contains a component in at least one of two-dimensional disposing directions of the group of light source elements during the recording while modulating, in response to the movement, each recording pixel of the group of light source elements in accordance with an image to be recorded to thereby record the image on the recording medium. The image recording position is moved in accordance with a set magnification for changing the resolution par recording pixel of the group of light source elements.

Abstract: An optical wiring substrate fabrication method capable of simple formation, by maskless exposure, of an inclined face shape at an end portion of a core layer structuring an optical waveguide. Using an exposure apparatus, image exposure is carried out with a light beam which is modulated by a spatial modulation element in accordance with image information. A predetermined area of a photosensitive material (a photoresist), which is coated on the core layer which is a material of the optical wiring substrate, is exposed by a light beam (UV) and patterned to form an etching mask. A region corresponding to the inclined face, which is to be formed at the end portion of the core layer, is exposed and patterned by the light beam, exposure amounts of which are controlled in accordance with the inclined form of the inclined face, such that an end portion of the etching mask has an inclined face structure.

Abstract: A lever switch for vehicle, which can be produced thin and which operation is easy and ensured is provided. A lever is formed in substantially a linear shape, having at an end thereof an operating part sticking out of a case and at an other end thereof a driving part of which a middle part is movably held in the case, and a resilient push force mechanism composed of a coil spring, a pin and a saving cam is disposed between an end of a driving part of lever and an inside wall of the case, constituting the vehicle lever switch.

Abstract: A variable valve control apparatus includes a variable valve timing mechanism that adjusts an actuation timing of an intake valve and an actuation timing of an exhaust valve; a variable working angle mechanism that adjusts a working angle of the intake valve; a variable valve control section that controls at least one of the variable valve timing mechanism and the variable working angle mechanism based on an engine load; and a negative pressure suppression control section. The negative pressure suppression control section suppresses a negative pressure of an inside of a cylinder when the negative pressure suppression control section determines that both of the intake valve and the exhaust valve close after an intake top dead center, based on opening conditions of the intake valve and the exhaust valve.

Abstract: A lighted switch unit having a light-shield structure at a lower end of an operating body is provided, in which an outer surface of the operating body is covered with a non-translucent covering layer, and a light-transmitting display part is formed on an upper part or side part of the body. The light-shield structure is such as an inclined part formed on an outer surface at the lower end of the operating body, with which an exposed area of a lower end of the inner surface of the operating body is made small so that an amount of a light that leaks out of a gap between the cover and the operating body is reduced. Thus, a lighted switch unit having good visibility is obtained with a simple structure.

Abstract: A laser annealer has a laser light source with at least one GaN-type semiconductor laser and is configured so as to form emission points that emit laser beams having a wavelength of 350 to 450 nm, and a scanning device for scanning an annealing surface with the laser beams. The laser annealer may have a spatial light modulator for modulating the laser beams, and in which pixel portions whose light modulating states change in accordance with control signals are arranged on a substrate. The invention is applied to a laser thin-film forming apparatus. The apparatus has a laser source that has at least one semiconductor laser and is configured so as to form emission points, and an optical system for focusing laser beams into a single beam in the width direction of a substrate.

Abstract: An optical fiber of a bundled fiber light source is an optical fiber whose core diameter is uniform but whose emission end cladding diameter is smaller than an incidence end cladding diameter thereof, and a light emission region thereof is made smaller. An angle of luminous flux from this higher luminance bundled fiber light source, which passes through a lens system and is incident on a DMD, is smaller, i.e., an illumination NA is made smaller. Thus, an angle of flux which is incident on a surface that is to be exposed is smaller. That is, a minute image formation beam can be obtained without increasing the image formation NA, focal depth is lengthen.

Abstract: A laser annealer has a laser light source with at least one GaN-type semiconductor laser and is configured so as to form emission points that emit laser beams having a wavelength of 350 to 450 nm, and a scanning device for scanning an annealing surface with the laser beams. The laser annealer may have a spatial light modulator for modulating the laser beams, and in which pixel portions whose light modulating states change in accordance with control signals are arranged on a substrate. The invention is applied to a laser thin-film forming apparatus. The apparatus has a laser source that has at least one semiconductor laser and is configured so as to form emission points, and an optical system for focusing laser beams into a single beam in the width direction of a substrate.

Abstract: An inexpensive and highly productive exposure device for directly scanning and exposing a photosensitive material sensitive to at least a UV region, based on digital data. As a motor controller moves an exposure head at a fixed speed in Y direction, image data is read one line of image data, each GLV element of a light modulator array is switched on/off by the read image data, and laser light from a high power light source of the exposure head is switched on/off. A UV-sensitive object to be exposed is exposed in X direction in a number of pixel units that substantially corresponds to the number of the GLV elements. The image data is scanned and exposed by one line in Y direction (main-scan). The motor controller moves a flat stage by one step in X direction (sub-scan). The object to be exposed is imagewise-exposed by repeating such scans.

Abstract: An optical fiber of a bundled fiber light source is an optical fiber whose core diameter is uniform but whose emission end cladding diameter is smaller than an incidence end cladding diameter thereof, and a light emission region thereof is made smaller. An angle of luminous flux from this higher luminance bundled fiber light source, which passes through a lens system and is incident on a DMD, is smaller, i.e., an illumination NA is made smaller. Thus, an angle of flux which is incident on a surface that is to be exposed is smaller. That is, a minute image formation beam can be obtained without increasing the image formation NA, focal depth is lengthen.

Abstract: In order to provide a display device by which increasing of number of spatial light modulation elements and increasing of number of pixels can be suppressed, and high definition of a display image is easily realized, in the display device, a DMD is inclined with respect to a sub scanning direction by very small inclining-angle, and this inclining-angle is set in accordance with a scanning density of a light beam in a main scanning direction on the surface to be scanned.

Abstract: A method of creating a micro-channel in a substrate surface by exposing a resist film with a laser beam, removing the exposed resist film per the predetermined pattern, and etching the substrate using the predetermined pattern to form the micro-channel.

Abstract: In an exposure apparatus of the invention, for a spatial light modulator, each of a plurality of pixel portions fewer than the total number of the pixel portions is controlled with a control signal generated according to exposure information. Namely, a part of the pixel portions is controlled without controlling a whole of the pixel portions on the substrate. Thus, the number of pixels in the pixel portions is decreased, and transfer time of the control signal becomes short. This enables modulation speed of the laser beam to be increased and the high-speed exposure to be performed. An incorporated laser light source, in which the laser beams are incorporated and struck on the optical fiber, is preferable to the laser device. By adopting the incorporated laser light source, high brightness and high output can be obtained, and it is preferable to the exposure of the spatial light modulator. Since the fiber array is obtained with few optical fibers, it is low cost.

Abstract: A reduction in utilization efficiency of laser beams emitted from laser emission portions of illumination means is limited and an exposure surface is exposed by beam spots with desired spot diameters and spot forms. At an exposure head, first microlenses are arranged in a two dimensional manner so as to correspond to micromirrors at a DMD, and apertures are arranged in a two dimensional manner at back side focusing positions of the first microlenses. With this exposure head, light source images, which are formed to be very small at back side focusing positions of the first microlenses by the first microlenses, are projected onto the exposure surface, and these light source images serve as beam spots BS and expose the exposure surface.

Abstract: VCO (voltage-controlled oscillator) device used for a radio unit such as a television broadcast receiver. A VCO device oscillating in a wide band of oscillation frequency and capable of realizing low power consumption is provided. VCO circuit group 4 oscillates signals of frequencies corresponding to control voltage Vt applied to frequency control voltage terminal 8. LO signal selecting means 3 selects a required output signal from VCO circuit group 4. PLL 6 frequency-divides local signal fvco selected by LO signal selecting means 3, compares a phase thereof with a phase of a reference signal and outputs a signal converted from a phase difference. Loop filter 7 smoothes the output signal from PLL 6, outputs control voltage Vt that is a frequency control voltage and outputs the local-signal selected by signal selecting means 3 to high frequency signal processing means 1.

Abstract: In order to provide an exposure device by which aligning of an exposure pattern is realized when manufacturing a build up wiring board or the like, an exposure device which exposes a photosensitive material with a light beam modulated in accordance with image information comprising a reading section which reads a radioscopic image of a specific pattern provided on an inner layer of a laminated structure, and an aligning section which aligns an exposure position of the photosensitive material laminated on a surface of an outer layer of the laminated structure on the basis of the position information of the read radioscopic image of the specific pattern, is provided.

Abstract: In an exposure apparatus of the invention, for a spatial light modulator, each of a plurality of pixel portions fewer than the total number of the pixel portions is controlled with a control signal generated according to exposure information. Namely, a part of the pixel portions is controlled without controlling a whole of the pixel portions on the substrate. Thus, the number of pixels in the pixel portions is decreased, and transfer time of the control signal becomes short. This enables modulation speed of the laser beam to be increased and the high-speed exposure to be performed. An incorporated laser light source, in which the laser beams are incorporated and struck on the optical fiber, is preferable to the laser device. By adopting the incorporated laser light source, high brightness and high output can be obtained, and it is preferable to the exposure of the spatial light modulator. Since the fiber array is obtained with few optical fibers, it is low cost.

Abstract: In an image-recording apparatus for recording at least two images at desired positions on an image-recordable object: positions of a plurality of reference marks which are arranged in advance on the image-recordable object and common to the at least two images are detected; each of recording positions of the at least two images is corrected on the basis of the positions of the plurality of reference marks detected in the step (a); and the at least two images are recorded on the image-recordable object in an arrangement determined by the recording positions corrected in the step (b). Each of the recording positions has a positional relationship with the plurality of reference marks.

Abstract: In an exposure apparatus of the invention, for a spatial light modulator, each of a plurality of pixel portions fewer than the total number of the pixel portions is controlled with a control signal generated according to exposure information. Namely, a part of the pixel portions is controlled without controlling a whole of the pixel portions on the substrate. Thus, the number of pixels in the pixel portions is decreased, and transfer time of the control signal becomes short. This enables modulation speed of the laser beam to be increased and the high-speed exposure to be performed. An incorporated laser light source, in which the laser beams are incorporated and struck on the optical fiber, is preferable to the laser device. By adopting the incorporated laser light source, high brightness and high output can be obtained, and it is preferable to the exposure of the spatial light modulator. Since the fiber array is obtained with few optical fibers, it is low cost.

Abstract: A writing device is provided which, in simple processes, can write in two dimensions and three dimensions, and which can form highly accurate patterns. An exposure head, a conductive material discharging head, and an insulating material discharging head are disposed at one scanning stage. At the one scanning stage, a pattern can be formed on a printed board which is on the scanning stage. As a result, processes can be simplified, time between patternings can be shortened, and pattern formation can be made to be faster. Moreover, positional offset of the exposure head and the discharging heads with respect to the printed board does not arise. Thus, it is easy to increase a density of a pattern, and a highly accurate pattern is formed.