Abstract: An upper surface of a plug (PL1) is formed so as to be higher than an upper surface of an interlayer insulating film (PIL) by forming the interlayer insulating film (PIL) on a semiconductor substrate (1S), completing a CMP method for forming the plug (PL1) inside the interlayer insulating film (PIL), and then, making the upper surface of the interlayer insulating film (PIL) to recede. In this manner, reliability of connection between the plug (PL1) and a wiring (W1) in a vertical direction can be ensured. Also, the wiring (W1) can be formed so as not to be embedded inside the interlayer insulating film (PIL), or a formed amount by the embedding can be reduced.

Abstract: A method wherein the separability between a polyether phase and a water phase is improved when a water-soluble compound is extracted and removed from a polyether containing the water-soluble compound with water is provided. The method comprises producing a polyether including a step of extracting and removing a water-soluble compound from a polyether containing the water-soluble compound with water, wherein the step includes at least an operation of separating a water phase from a polyether phase at a temperature of 50° C.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developing container for containing developer, the developing container having an opening portion, a developer carrying member for carrying the developer at the opening portion, a detecting member for detecting a developer amount, the detecting member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the detecting member, and a force receiving portion for receiving a force and moving the developing container between a first position in which a developing operation is performed by the developer carrying member and a second position in which the developing operation is not performed, wherein the capacitance can be detected in the second position, and the detecting member is a rotatable developer supplying member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member including a foam layer in which the developer can enter.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developing container for containing developer, the developing container having an opening portion, a developer carrying member for carrying the developer at the opening portion, a detecting member for detecting a developer amount, the detecting member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the detecting member, and a force receiving portion for receiving a force and moving the developing container between a first position in which a developing operation is performed by the developer carrying member and a second position in which the developing operation is not performed, wherein the capacitance can be detected in the second position, and the detecting member is a rotatable developer supplying member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member including a foam layer in which the developer can enter.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developing container for containing developer, the developing container having an opening portion, a developer carrying member for carrying the developer at the opening portion, a detecting member for detecting a developer amount, the detecting member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the detecting member, and a force receiving portion for receiving a force and moving the developing container between a first position in which a developing operation is performed by the developer carrying member and a second position in which the developing operation is not performed, wherein the capacitance can be detected in the second position, and the detecting member is a rotatable developer supplying member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member including a foam layer in which the developer can enter.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developing container for containing developer, the developing container having an opening portion, a developer carrying member for carrying the developer at the opening portion, a detecting member for detecting a developer amount, the detecting member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the detecting member, and a force receiving portion for receiving a force and moving the developing container between a first position in which a developing operation is performed by the developer carrying member and a second position in which the developing operation is not performed, wherein the capacitance can be detected in the second position, and the detecting member is a rotatable developer supplying member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member including a foam layer in which the developer can enter.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developing container for containing developer, the developing container having an opening portion, a developer carrying member for carrying the developer at the opening portion, a detecting member for detecting a developer amount, the detecting member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the detecting member, and a force receiving portion for receiving a force and moving the developing container between a first position in which a developing operation is performed by the developer carrying member and a second position in which the developing operation is not performed, wherein the capacitance can be detected in the second position, and the detecting member is a rotatable developer supplying member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member including a foam layer in which the developer can enter.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developing container for containing developer, the developing container having an opening portion, a developer carrying member for carrying the developer at the opening portion, a detecting member for detecting a developer amount, the detecting member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the detecting member, and a force receiving portion for receiving a force and moving the developing container between a first position in which a developing operation is performed by the developer carrying member and a second position in which the developing operation is not performed, wherein the capacitance can be detected in the second position, and the detecting member is a rotatable developer supplying member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member including a foam layer in which the developer can enter.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developing container for containing developer, the developing container having an opening portion, a developer carrying member for carrying the developer at the opening portion, a detecting member for detecting a developer amount, the detecting member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the detecting member, and a force receiving portion for receiving a force and moving the developing container between a first position in which a developing operation is performed by the developer carrying member and a second position in which the developing operation is not performed, wherein the capacitance can be detected in the second position, and the detecting member is a rotatable developer supplying member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member including a foam layer in which the developer can enter.

Abstract: A developing apparatus, including: a developing container which has an opening portion and contains a developer; a developer carrying member which carries the developer at the opening portion; and a rotatable developer supplying member which is in contact with the developer carrying member and has a surface of a foam layer, for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the developer supplying member, wherein a surface aeration amount L (liter/min.) of the developer supplying member satisfies 1.8?L.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developing container for containing developer, the developing container having an opening portion, a developer carrying member for carrying the developer at the opening portion, a detecting member for detecting a developer amount, the detecting member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the detecting member, and a force receiving portion for receiving a force and moving the developing container between a first position in which a developing operation is performed by the developer carrying member and a second position in which the developing operation is not performed, wherein the capacitance can be detected in the second position, and the detecting member is a rotatable developer supplying member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member including a foam layer in which the developer can enter.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member on which an electrostatic latent image is to be formed; and a developing device for developing the electrostatic latent image by supplying a developer to the image bearing member. The developing device includes a developer container for containing the developer; a rotatable developer carrying member, including a first electrode member, for carrying and supplying the developer to the image bearing member; and a developer supplying member, which is provided in contact with the developer carrying member and includes a surface foam layer and a second electrode member for rotatably supporting the developer supplying member, for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member.

Abstract: A person cluster selection part selects one or more person clusters as representative person clusters in order of largest number of facial images included therein. A unit selection part selects, from each representative person cluster, (i) a unit having the highest likelihood as a first representative unit, and (ii) units in order of lowest likelihood as a second representative unit onward. A representative facial image selection part selects, from each representative unit, (i) a facial image having the highest likelihood as a first representative facial image, and (ii) facial images in order of lowest likelihood as a second representative facial image onward.

Abstract: To provide a technique capable of suppressing the diffusion of copper atoms adhering to the back face of a semiconductor substrate from the back face into the inside of the semiconductor substrate, and capable of suppressing performance degradation of semiconductor elements such as a MISFET formed at the main face of the semiconductor substrate, in semiconductor devices using copper wiring for a wiring layer. A copper diffusion prevention film formed at the main face of the semiconductor substrate is denoted by a first copper diffusion prevention film, and a copper diffusion prevention film formed at the back face of the semiconductor substrate is denoted by a second copper diffusion prevention film. The characteristic of the embodiment lies in that the second copper diffusion prevention film is formed at the back face of the semiconductor substrate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an evacuation apparatus for evacuating a vacuum chamber of a substrate processing apparatus for processing a substrate such as a semiconductor wafer or liquid crystal panel. An evacuation apparatus according to the present invention includes a first vacuum pump connected to a vacuum chamber, and a second vacuum pump connected to the first vacuum pump. The first vacuum pump has a pair of multistage pump rotors.

Abstract: This invention realizes an editing system and control method thereof capable of significantly improving working efficiency of editing work. A proxy editing terminal device creates an EDL with low-resolution video/audio data, resulting in reducing time to create the EDL. Further, the low-resolution video/audio data and high-resolution video/audio data having the same contents and different resolutions are previously stored, so that the creation of a final edit list with the high-resolution video/audio data based on the EDL can be started in a short time after the EDL is created with the low-resolution video/audio data. Thus working efficiency of the editing work can be significantly reduced with reducing time to create the EDL and the final edit list.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an AC high voltage power supply, a DC high voltage power supply, and a high voltage power supply apparatus, which outputs an output voltage at an output end by superposing an output of the AC high voltage power supply and an output of the DC high voltage power supply. The high voltage power supply apparatus has a positive peak detector detecting a positive peak of the voltage at an output end, and a negative peak detector detecting a negative peak of the voltage at an output end. An output voltage of at least one of the AC high voltage power supply and the DC high voltage power supply is controlled on the basis of the detection result of at least one of the positive peak detector and the negative peak detector.

Abstract: A developing apparatus, including: a developing container which has an opening portion and contains a developer; a developer carrying member which carries the developer at the opening portion; and a rotatable developer supplying member which is in contact with the developer carrying member and has a surface of a foam layer, for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the developer supplying member, wherein a surface aeration amount L (liter/min.) of the developer supplying member satisfies 1.8?L.

Abstract: A developing apparatus including a developing container for containing developer, the developing container having an opening portion, a developer carrying member for carrying the developer at the opening portion, a detecting member for detecting a developer amount, the detecting member detecting a capacitance between the developer carrying member and the detecting member, and a force receiving portion for receiving a force and moving the developing container between a first position in which a developing operation is performed by the developer carrying member and a second position in which the developing operation is not performed, wherein the capacitance can be detected in the second position, and the detecting member is a rotatable developer supplying member for supplying the developer to the developer carrying member, the developer supplying member including a foam layer in which the developer can enter.

Abstract: An editing system and a control method for improving efficiency of editing work. The editing system is provided with a server for storing the video data of edit material. A memory stores the video data read from the server, the memory having accessibility faster than the server. An editing terminal for reading, processing, and editing required video data from the memory based on an edit list stored in a selected file. When opening the selected file, the editing terminal makes the server read the video data required for creating the edited video based on the edit list being stored in the file and makes the memory store and keep the video data.