Abstract: A control system calculates inputs to a control target that has m inputs and n outputs (m=n, each of m and n is a natural number that is more than one), while designating a plurality of combinations of the inputs and the outputs. A feedback controller calculates, with respect to each designated combination, a control input to a non-interference controller based on a difference between a target value and a current value of the control quantity to make the current value follow the target value. The non-interference controller executes, with respect to each designated combination, a non-interference control to reduce influence due to mutual interference between n control quantities. This reduces the number of combinations of the inputs and the outputs, the combinations whose mutual interference needs considering; thereby, the non-interference control may be easily achieved.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a 2?-modified ribonucleoside or the like which has a high duplex-forming ability. [Solution] The present invention is generally based on the finding in embodiments that a modified form of a ribonucleoside or the like having an alkoxymethyl protective group can be imparted with a high duplex-forming ability by introducing, as a substituent, a halogen atom into the protective group moiety. As explained before, a modified form of RNA having an alkoxymethyl protective group has a low duplex-forming ability. A modified form of RNA having a halogen-substituted alkoxymethyl protective group, however, exhibits a high duplex-forming ability that is comparable to the duplex-forming ability of a 2?-O-methyl modified nucleic acid.

Abstract: According to the invention, a VOI (Volume of Interest) generation setting section disposed in an endoscope insertion support apparatus comprises a VOI setting function section, a VOI extending function section, a VOI direction determining function section, a VOI branch determining function section, a VOI resetting function section, a VOI information storage function section, a VOI size determining function section and a VOI branch extracting function section. This configuration enables a VOI to be effectively set in a tubular organ having a strictured part and tubular path area information on the tubular organ to be extracted.

Abstract: A method for preparing a phosphorothioate RNA based on the oxazaphospholidine method, wherein cyanoethoxymethyl group is used instead of tert-butyldimethylsilyl group as a protective group of 2?-hydroxyl group of RNA.

Abstract: Chiral auxiliaries useful for efficiently producing a phosphorus atom-modified nucleic acid derivative with high stereoregularity, and compounds represented by the following the general formula (I) or the general formula (XI) for introducing the chiral auxiliaries.

Abstract: A protective group represented by the following general formula (I) (the oxygen atom attached with * represents oxygen atom of 2?-hydroxyl group of a ribonucleoside, a ribonucleotide or a derivative thereof; R1 and R2 both represent hydrogen atom, or represent a halogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, or a C1-6 halo-substituted alkyl group; R3 and R4 represent hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, or a C1-6 halo-substituted alkyl group; and R5 and R6 represent a halogen atom, a C1-6 halo-substituted alkyl group, cyano group, nitro group, or the like), which is stable under the reaction conditions of the nucleic acid synthetic cycles and has little steric hindrance, and can be removed under mild conditions using fluoride ions as a base.

Abstract: Disclosed are a novel phosphorylating reagent and related methods. Specifically disclosed is a compound represented by general formula (A). In the formula, WG1 and WG2 independently represent a cyano group, a nitro group, a halogen atom, an alkylsulfonyl group or an arylsulfonyl group; X1, X2, X3 and X4 independently represent CR or N; and R represents H, a methyl group, a halogen atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, a carbamoyl group, a monoalkylcarbamoyl group, a dialkylcarbamoyl group, a sulfamoyl group, a monoalkylsulfamoyl group, a dialkylsulfamoyl group, or an alkylsulfonyl group.

Abstract: An illuminating device includes a light guide plate; a light source that is located opposite at least two adjacent end faces of four end faces of the light guide plate; and a chassis that has an opening through which light emanating from a light emission surface of the light guide plate passes. At least one optical sheet that includes a corner portion with an interior angle of greater than 90 degrees in a position corresponding to a corner portion of the light guide plate that is sandwiched between the two end faces opposite the light source is disposed between the light emission surface of the light guide plate and the chassis.

Abstract: A metallic material containing both a second constituent and a third constituent having positive and negative heats of mixing relative to a first constituent, respectively, and including a compound, an alloy or a nonequilibrium alloy having a melting point that is higher than the solidifying point of a metal bath made of the first constituent is placed in the metal bath. The metal bath is controlled to a temperature lower than a minimum value of a liquidus temperature within a range of compositional variations in which the amount of the third constituent in the metallic material decreases down to a point where the metallic material becomes substantially the second constituent so that the third constituent is selectively dissolved into the metal bath.

Abstract: An oligo-aminosaccharide compound formed by binding 3 to 6 saccharides, such as 2,6-diamino-2,6-dideoxy-?-(1?4)-D-glucopyranose oligomers, or a salt thereof, which has high affinity to a double-stranded nucleic acid.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liposome production process which enables production of a liposome that has a nano-size particle diameter and a high water-soluble drug encapsulation rate. The process for producing a W1/O/W2 emulsion of the present invention includes the steps of (1) emulsifying an organic solvent (O) that is a volatile organic solvent, an aqueous solvent (W1) and a mixed lipid component (F1) to give a W1/O emulsion; and (2) dispersing the W1/O emulsion produced in step (1) in an aqueous solvent (W2) by use of a porous membrane, to give a W1/O/W2 emulsion, wherein the porous membrane has been surface-treated with a hydrophilic drug so as to allow its surface to have a water contact angle of 0 to 42° in the air.

Abstract: A piezoelectric vibration type yaw rate sensor including driving arms and detection arms. A detection sensitivity spectrum of the detection arms has a first peak with a first resonance frequency in a first detection vibration mode, in which the driving and detection arms vibrate in opposite phases, and a second peak with a second resonance frequency in a second detection vibration mode, in which the driving and detection arms vibrate in the same phase. A detection sensitivity at a frequency higher by ?f than one smaller resonance frequency of the first and second resonance frequency is larger than a detection sensitivity at a frequency lower by ?f than the one resonance frequency. A detection sensitivity at a frequency lower by ?f than other larger resonance frequency of the first and second resonance frequency is larger than a detection sensitivity at a frequency higher by ?f than the other resonance frequency.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a process for producing liposomes, a liposome dispersion or a dry powder of the dispersion by a two-step emulsification method using an additive (dispersing agent) by which a liposome dispersion and a dry powder thereof which can inhibit leakage of an encapsulated drug or the like from liposomes even in the long-term storage and can be stably used over a long period of time are obtained. [Solution to problem] A process for producing liposomes by a two-step emulsification method characterized by using, in the secondary emulsification step, an outer aqueous phase containing a dispersing agent which forms no molecular self-aggregate or a dispersing agent which exclusively forms molecular self-aggregates having a volume mean particle diameter of not more than 10 nm (said dispersing agent being referred to as a “specific dispersing agent” hereinafter), and a process for producing a liposome dispersion or a dry powder thereof utilizing the process for producing liposomes.

Abstract: There is provided a color conversion method. The method includes: a black correction step of converting the first black corresponding to the first color data having a tone value of 0 to the second black corresponding to the second color data having a tone value of 0 so that when the first black corresponding to the first color data having a tone value other than 0 is converted to a value smaller than a quantization threshold of tone values 0 and 1 of the second color data, a conversion destination becomes greater than or equal to the quantization threshold; a recording agent limit quantity calculating step of setting an upper limit of the sum of tone values for each pixel of the second color data with respect to a predetermined print medium; and a chromatic color correcting step of converting the second chromatic color so that the second color data after conversion in the black correction step does not exceed the upper limit.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a signal analyzing apparatus which can easily identify a pattern high in error rate and a pattern causing bit errors in comparison with the conventional device.

Abstract: Described herein are methods of syntheses of phosphorous atom-modified nucleic acids comprising chiral X-phosphonate moieties. The methods described herein provide backbone-modified nucleic acids in high diasteteomeric purity via an asymmetric reaction of an achiral molecule comprising a chemically stable H-phophonate moiety with a nucleoside/nucleotide.

Abstract: A protective group represented by the following general formula (I) (the oxygen atom attached with * represents oxygen atom of 2?-hydroxyl group of a ribonucleoside, a ribonucleotide or a derivative thereof; R1 and R2 both represent hydrogen atom, or represent a halogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, or a C1-6 halo-substituted alkyl group; R3 and R4 represent hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-6 alkyl group, or a C1-6 halo-substituted alkyl group; and R5 and R6 represent a halogen atom, a C1-6 halo-substituted alkyl group, cyano group, nitro group, or the like), which is stable under the reaction conditions of the nucleic acid synthetic cycles and has little steric hindrance, and can be removed under mild conditions using fluoride ions as a base.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a signal analyzing apparatus which can easily identify a pattern high in error rate and a pattern causing bit errors in comparison with the conventional device.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a test signal generating apparatus which can generate a test signal for testing a device that dynamically change its operational state in response to a signal or the like. The test signal generating apparatus includes: a pattern storage unit 20 having patterns; a pattern selecting unit 23 for selecting a pattern from among the patterns; a test signal generating unit 25 for generating a test signal having a pattern selected by the pattern selecting unit 23, a trigger signal receiving unit 21 for receiving at least one trigger signal, and a pattern map storage unit 22 having a pattern map defining the number of repetitions for each pattern and a pattern corresponding to a test signal to be generated by the test signal generating unit after the test signal generating unit repeats the test signal on the basis of the number of repetitions.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide a test signal generating apparatus which can generate a test signal for testing a device that dynamically change its operational state in response to a signal or the like. The test signal generating apparatus includes: a pattern storage unit 20 having patterns; a pattern selecting unit 23 for selecting a pattern from among the patterns; a test signal generating unit 25 for generating a test signal having a pattern selected by the pattern selecting unit 23, a trigger signal receiving unit 21 for receiving at least one trigger signal, and a pattern map storage unit 22 having a pattern map defining the number of repetitions for each pattern and a pattern corresponding to a test signal to be generated by the test signal generating unit after the test signal generating unit repeats the test signal on the basis of the number of repetitions.