Abstract: A residue code amount is calculated. A threshold act_thrsh corresponding to the residue code amount is obtained. A variable mb that designates a macro block is initialized to zero. The variable mb is compared with the total number of macro blocks. When the variable mb matches the total number of macro blocks, the process is completed. Otherwise, the rank of the activity information of the macro block designated by the variable mb is compared with the rank of the threshold act_thrsh. When the rank of the activity information is lower than the rank of the threshold act_thrsh, since there is a possibility of which q_scale can be decreased, q_scale is calculated with the activity information of the macro block mb and min_qq. q_scale of the macro block is subtracted from the total code amount. The subtracted resultant data is stored in a variable tmp. Thereafter, the variable tmp is compared with a target code amount GEN_TGT.

Abstract: In order to preferentially select code quantity from DPCM path in a manner to satisfy the target code quantity to thereby prevent deterioration of image quality, either code quantities obtained by a first compression system of quantizing an input image signal by quantization steps different from each other, or code quantities obtained by a second compression system which has compression factor and loss which are lower than those of the first compression system are added on encoding system selection basis to thereby calculate total code quantity of equi-length unit to compare the calculated total code quantity and target code quantity in the equi-length unit to determine quantization step in the first compression system in accordance with the comparison result to select, on the encoding system selection basis, the first compression system or the second compression system of performing quantization by the determined quantization step.

Abstract: A media convert service providing method is capable of registering specified pieces of information according to receiving media convert categories and receiving terminal categories in an information communication processing system on a communication network by utilizing a free usable field or a blank field in a frame based on a specified communication protocol. This makes it feasible to configure a system by extending a conventional media convert type information communication system and to provide terminal users (senders and receivers) with media convert services with a much higher usability.

Abstract: In a communication device for providing a communication between a user terminal and a network service provider apparatus, datalink layer information included in data transmitted from a source user terminal is read, a communication function of an existing protocol of outputting data group to a network service provider apparatus when the datalink layer information includes communication request information to the network service provider apparatus is maintained, and the data are outputted directly to a destination user terminal when the datalink layer information includes shortcut communication request information to the destination user terminal.

Abstract: A residue code amount is calculated. A threshold act_thrsh corresponding to the residue code amount is obtained. A variable mb that designates a macro block is initialized to zero. The variable mb is compared with the total number of macro blocks. When the variable mb matches the total number of macro blocks, the process is completed. Otherwise, the rank of the activity information of the macro block designated by the variable mb is compared with the rank of the threshold act_thrsh. When the rank of the activity information is lower than the rank of the threshold act_thrsh, since there is a possibility of which q_scale can be decreased, q_scale is calculated with the activity information of the macro block mb and min_qq. q_scale of the macro block is subtracted from the total code amount. The subtracted resultant data is stored in a variable tmp. Thereafter, the variable tmp is compared with a target code amount GEN_TGT.

Abstract: A media convert service providing method is capable of registering specified pieces of information according to receiving media convert categories and receiving terminal categories in an information communication processing system on a communication network by utilizing a free usable field or a blank field in a frame based on a specified communication protocol. This makes it feasible to configure a system by extending a conventional media convert type information communication system and to provide terminal users (senders and receivers) with media convert services with a much higher usability.

Abstract: Two slide bases (106) synchronizingly traveled on linear guides (105) arranged upwardly and downwardly in parallel with each other are rotatably attached with a clincher unit (107) and a driver unit (104) and provided with a click stop mechanism for fixing the clincher unit (103) and the driver unit (104) at a 0 degree position or a 45 degree rotated position. Respective outer peripheral portion thereof are provided with claw portions (119), (120), in correspondence with the 0 degree position and the 45 degree rotated position and a stopper pin (121) is arranged at a traveling path. When the driver unit and the clincher unit are traveled from an initial position to a skewed binding position, the 0 degree claw portion 119 impinges on the stopper pin (121) and the driver unit and the clincher unit are rotated to the 45 degree rotated position to fix.

Abstract: An bit-plane coding pass generator is provided in which for SP-pass processing quantization coefficient of each code block divided into bit planes, “significant (S)” or “non-significant (N)” data in a predetermined area and those around the area and compared with an S/N matching pattern. The S/N matching pattern has been set when a jump can be made from an arbitrary sample point to a next sample point to be processed by SP pass. The jump is made to the next sample point to be processed by SP pass according to a jump address value obtained from a pattern coincident with a current S/N matching pattern. Thus, by reducing the time for the significant propagation (SP) pass defined in JPEG-2000, a code block can be coded at a higher speed by three coding passes.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device including 1T-1C memory cells for increasing an access speed thereto. The semiconductor memory device is composed of a substrate, a MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) transistor formed in a surface portion of the substrate, an inter-level dielectric covering the MOS transistor, a capacitor element, and a contact formed through the inter-level dielectric. The contact electrically connects the capacitor element to the MOS transistor on a source thereof. The contact includes a metal portion formed of metal. The metal portion reduces the resistance of the contact, and thereby increases the access speed of the semiconductor memory device.

Abstract: The present invention employs a statistical multiplexing method to enable suitable assignment of a target code rate to each program data. A controller (3) acquires encoding difficulty (Di) of each program from each of image encoders (2i). In accordance with an equation for transforming the encoding difficulty (Di) into a bit rate, the controller (3) calculates a temporary bit rate (Tmp_Ratei). Moreover, the controller (3) causes the sum of the target bit rates (Target_Ratei) to satisfy a predetermined allowable value by correcting the temporary bit rate (Tmp_Ratei) so as to determine a final target bit rate (Target_Ratei) and inputing the final target bit rate (Target_Ratei) to each of the image encoders (2i).

Abstract: A rounding accuracy of DCT coefficients that are quantized is dynamically varied with a simple structure. As a result, an encoding noise is effectively suppressed and the picture quality is prevented from being deteriorated. DCT coefficients of which a picture signal is transformed by DCT are input to a quantizing circuit 30. The quantizing circuit 30 quantizes the DCT coefficients with a quantizer matrix and supplies the quantized DCT coefficients to a multiplying device 33 through an absolute value circuit 31. A quantizer scale value based on the generated code amount of the entire screen is converted into an invert value thereof and then supplied to a multiplying device 33. In addition, an M value designating circuit 38 designates a value M as a parameter with which a rounding accuracy of DCT coefficients that are quantized is controlled according to a quantizer scale value. An adding device 34 adds the value M to an output of the multiplying device 33.

Abstract: A motor-driven stapler is disclosed which comprises a table (100) arranged as opposed to a staple drive portion for driving a staple and provided movably up and down on a stapler body, and a driver for driving a staple from the staple drive portion to sheets of paper when the table (100) has been moved to press the sheets of paper against the staple drive portion. The table (100) is moved up and down by allowing the table (100) to rotate about axles (27) that are provided on the side plate portions (24, 25) of the frame (12) of the stapler body (10).

Abstract: A motor-driven stapler is disclosed which comprises a table (100) arranged as opposed to a staple drive portion for driving a staple and provided movably up and down on a stapler body, and a driver for driving a staple from the staple drive portion to sheets of paper when the table (100) has been moved to press the sheets of paper against the staple drive portion. The table (100) is moved up and down by allowing the table (100) to rotate about axles (27) that are provided on the side plate portions (24, 25) of the frame (12) of the stapler body (10).

Abstract: An image processing apparatus that can reduce a data amount of the image with avoiding a negative effect on the image quality, in which a root-mean-square value of pixel data is calculated by a square circuit, an addition circuit, a register and a shift circuit. Also, a square of a mean of the pixel data is calculated by an addition circuit, a register, a shift circuit and a square circuit. Then, by a subtraction circuit, a difference between the root-mean-square value of the pixel data and the square of a mean of the pixel data is calculated. The value is applied for generation of activity data indicating complexity of the image.

Abstract: This invention relates to drainage process wherein Burkholderia cepacia AIK bacterial strain (FERM BP-7308) contacts disposed drainage and the new microorganism can aerobically decompose liquid and solid oil and fat and other organic matter in wide range of temperatures and a drainage process that uses the new microorganism.

Abstract: A motor-operated stapler capable of narrowing the range of a home position zone of a cam, is provided. The motor-operated stapler includes a driver 36 which reciprocates and drives out a staple toward a sheet bundle and a drive-out mechanism 30 which causes the driver 36 to operate. A driver cam 32 is mounted on a driving shaft 31 in the drive-out mechanism 30 and the driver 36 is reciprocated once by rotation of the driver cam 32. A brake mechanism 60 is used which applies a brake mechanically to the rotation of the driving shaft 31 when the driver 36 returns to its home position.

Abstract: A residue code amount is calculated. A threshold act_thrsh corresponding to the residue code amount is obtained. A variable mb that designates a macro block is initialized to zero. The variable mb is compared with the total number of macro blocks. When the variable mb matches the total number of macro blocks, the process is completed. Otherwise, the rank of the activity information of the macro block designated by the variable mb is compared with the rank of the threshold act_thrsh. When the rank of the activity information is lower than the rank of the threshold act_thrsh, since there is a possibility of which q_scale can be decreased, q_scale is calculated with the activity information of the macro block mb and min_qq. q_scale of the macro block is subtracted from the total code amount. The subtracted resultant data is stored in a variable tmp. Thereafter, the variable tmp is compared with a target code amount GEN_TGT.

Abstract: A system comprised of an active side network by which only a plurality of active side repeating apparatuses can provide a transparent LAN service to each other, a waiting side network by which only a plurality of waiting side repeating apparatuses can provide a transparent LAN service to each other, and active/waiting side switch units for switching the active side repeating apparatuses and waiting side repeating apparatuses between these two by communication using specific frames.

Abstract: In a non-volatile semiconductor memory device that has a floating gate that is formed on a semiconductor substrate with an intervening first gate insulation film, a second gate insulation film that is formed on the floating gate electrode, and a control gate that is provided over this second gate insulation film, at least two trenches are formed in the floating gate.

Abstract: The present invention provides a transcoder having a MPEG decoder and a MPEG encoder, for changing a GOP structure and the bit rate of an encoded bitstream obtained as a result of an encoding process. The MPEG encoder receives a past encoding parameters generated at a past encoding process as a history information, and performs a present encoding process by using the past encoding parameters selectively so that the present encoding process is optimized. Furthermore, the encoder describe the past encoding parameters into the encoded bitstream as the history information so as to reuse the history information in advance encoding process. The picture quality of the video data does not deteriorate even if decoding and encoding processes are carried out repeatedly by the transcoder.