Abstract: A fault protection method for optical fiber networks is provided. The method includes monitoring intensity of downstream optical signals transmitted through a first route from a rear terminal of a primary optical channel, so as to determine if there occurs any fault; and activating a second route to transmit optical signals when a fault in the primary optical channel is detected, in which the second route is counter to the first route. The present invention also includes a system performing the fault protection method.

Abstract: An image sensor includes a substrate, at least an optical device, at least a dielectric layer, and at least a wave-guide tube disposed upon the optical device. The wave-guide tube has an optical barrier disposed on a sidewall thereof and a filter layer filled in the wave-guide tube. The structure of the wave-guide tube has the advantages of shortening light path, focusing, and preventing undesirable crosstalk effect between different optical devices.

Abstract: An image sensor and a method of manufacturing the same, in which, a planarized layer is formed on a semiconductor substrate including a pixel array region, an optical black region, and a logic region to cover a photo sensing unit array in the pixel array region, a patterned metal layer is formed on the planarized layer corresponding to the pixel array region and the logic region, but not the optical black region. An optical black layer is formed in the optical black region after a passivation layer is formed and before a color filter array is formed at a temperature less than about 400° C., and preferably contains metal material.

Abstract: A method of fabricating an image sensor on a semiconductor substrate having a sensor array region is described. A first planar layer is formed on a semiconductor substrate. Then, a color filter array (CFA) is formed on the first planar layer. A second planar layer is formed on the color filter array. Thereafter, a plurality of U-lenses is formed on the second planar layer. A passivation is formed over the second planar layer and the U-lenses by performing a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process using TEOS gas. The passivation layer is formed under the conditions that include applying radio frequency power at a rating between 250W˜450W and supplying TEOS gas at a mass flow rate of about 150˜500 mg/m.

Abstract: A laser module has a housing and a laser light source. The housing is made of a material that is pervious to light and has a first end that is provided with a lens, and a second end that is provided with an opening extending into the housing to a location adjacent to the lens. The laser light source is secured in the opening at a location that is at a predetermined distance from the lens.

Abstract: A method of forming an aluminum-copper alloy film capable of preventing copper precipitation includes: (a) loading a wafer into a PVD tool comprising a vacuum transfer chamber that couples to a cool down chamber, an aluminum-copper sputter deposition process chamber and an anti-reflection coating process chamber; (b) sputter-depositing a first layer of aluminum-copper alloy onto the wafer in the aluminum-copper sputter deposition process chamber to a first thickness; (c) inter-cooling the wafer and the first layer of aluminum-copper alloy in the cool down chamber; (d) sputter-depositing a second layer of aluminum-copper alloy onto the cooled down first layer of aluminum-copper alloy in the aluminum-copper sputter deposition process chamber to a second thickness; and (e) repeating steps (b) to (d) until a third thickness of the aluminum-copper alloy is reached.

Abstract: A wire rope vibration isolator is adapted to separate vibrations, mitigate impacts and reduce structural noises and includes a first fixed seat, a second fixed seat and a plurality of wire ropes. The wire ropes are separated from each other and respectively disposed between the first fixed seat and the second fixed seat. Moreover, the wire rope vibration isolator has a good damping effect in three-D directions to increase reliability and stability for precision machinery or products in working or moving processes, and the wire rope vibration isolator can reduce high-frequency noises. Hence, the wire rope vibration is safe and reliable, when it bears great impacts. Furthermore, the wire rope vibration isolator is easily assembled and used.

Abstract: A hard disk drive moves a transducer across a disk surface so that the transducer has an acceleration trajectory, which is symmetric about the midpoint of the curve. A digital signal processor known as a controller is used to control the movement of a transducer. The function of a controller is to move the transducer from its present track to a target track in accordance with a servo control routine. During the seek routine the controller moves the transducer in accordance with seek trajectories derived from a design waveform. The seek trajectories are generated at real time for the controller to perform its function. The invention addresses two important features of trajectories-based seek servomechanism.

Abstract: A hard disk drive moves a transducer across a disk surface so that the transducer has an essentially generalized sinusoidal acceleration trajectory. A digital signal processor known as a controller is used to control the movement of a transducer. The function of a controller is to move the transducer from its present track to a target track in accordance with a seek routine and a servo control routine. During the seek routine the controller moves the transducer in accordance with a generalized sinusoidal current trajectory, which is devised to be a current profile for the seek control to move a transducer from one position to another position robustly and as fast as possible. To form the generalized sinusoidal trajectory, a constant acceleration phase is inserted in the middle of the acceleration phase and also a constant deceleration phase is inserted in the middle of the deceleration phase. For seeks without coast mode, the current trajectory can be divided into five phases based on seeking status.

Abstract: A hard disk drive moves a transducer (or recording head) across a disk surface so that the transducer has an essentially extended sinusoidal acceleration trajectory. The transducer may be integrated into a slider that is incorporated into a head gimbal assembly (HGA). The HGA may be mounted to an actuator arm, which can move the transducer across the disk surface. The movement of the actuator arm and the transducer may be controlled by a controller. The function of a controller is to move the transducer from its present track to a target track in accordance with a seek routine and a servo control routine. During the seek routine the controller may move the transducer in accordance with an extended sinusoidal current trajectory. The extended sine wave is devised to be current profiles for use in seeks control to move a recording head from one position to another position fast and robustly.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for switching channel connection between multiple optical channels synchronously and automatically. The apparatus employs an optical switch to interface among a plurality of optical channels, and an optical power meter to monitor data transmission over the plurality of optical channels by measuring the optical power level of optical signals over the channel. When signal transmission is detected over a specific optical channel, the optical switch is locked to the specific optical channel allowing data signals over the specific optical channel to be transmitted to a specific device or another optical channel through the optical switch. When no optical signal is detected over the channel, said optical switch will be switched to another optical channel, such that signal monitoring and switching channels among a plurality of optical channels is able to be performed synchronously and automatically.

Abstract: A laser module has a laser driver that emits a green-light laser, and a reflector arranged in front of the laser driver, with the reflector receiving the emitted laser. The reflector partially passes the laser and partially reflects the laser. The laser module further includes an automatic control circuit coupled to the laser driver, the automatic control circuit having a light detector that receives the reflected laser, and based thereon, adjusts the output power of the laser driver.

Abstract: A light adjustment device for a laser oscillating cavity has a laser base having a housing that defines a laser chamber that retains a laser diode therein, and a fixing seat disposed at one end of the housing. The light adjustment device also includes an upper cover that is removably coupled with the fixing seat to define a spherical groove, an adjuster body having a ball and an adjusting shaft, and an oscillating cavity holder adjustably retained inside a bore that extends through the ball.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for moving a transducer across a disk surface in accordance with generalized Fourier seek trajectories for position, velocity, and acceleration control. The generalized Fourier acceleration trajectory includes one or more sine functions with the coefficients determined using a least-mean-square-error technique, which optimizes the selection of the trajectory. The corresponding velocity and position trajectories are derived based on the selected acceleration trajectory. The generalized Fourier seek method and apparatus provides improved performance and robustness of hard disk drive servomechanism, including shorter seek time. Additionally, the hard disk drive is more immune to external disturbances, and the acoustic noise caused by seeking is reduced. Using the generalized Fourier seek method, the duration of acceleration and deceleration modes may be equal or different.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for switching channel connection between multiple optical channels synchronously and automatically. The apparatus employs an optical switch to interface among a plurality of optical channels, and an optical power meter to monitor data transmission over the plurality of optical channels by measuring the optical power level of optical signals over the channel. When signal transmission is detected over a specific optical channel, the optical switch is locked to the specific optical channel allowing data signals over the specific optical channel to be transmitted to a specific device or another optical channel through the optical switch. When no optical signal is detected over the channel, said optical switch will be switched to another optical channel, such that signal monitoring and switching channels among a plurality of optical channels is able to be performed synchronously and automatically.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for moving a transducer across a disk surface so that the transducer has a generalized Fourier series seek acceleration trajectory. In one embodiment, the generalized Fourier series seek acceleration trajectory includes tuned coefficients that are determined empirically. The generalized Fourier series seek trajectories provide improved performance and robustness of hard disk drive servomechanisms, resulting in shorter seek time. Additionally, the hard disk drive is more immune to external disturbances, and the acoustic noise caused by seeking is reduced. In one embodiment, the duration of acceleration and deceleration are equal. In another embodiment, the duration of acceleration and deceleration are unequal, resulting in more flexibility to decrease residual vibrations of mechanical components, and further reduction of seek time.

Abstract: A light adjustment device for a laser resonant socket having a laser base having a housing that defines a laser chamber that retains a laser diode therein, and a fixing seat disposed at one end of the housing. The light adjustment device further includes an upper cover that is removably coupled with the fixing seat to define a spherical groove, and an adjuster body having a ball and an adjusting shaft, with a resonant socket room defined in the ball, and with a laser resonant socket retained inside the socket room. The ball is seated inside the spherical groove in a manner such that the ball can be pivoted inside the spherical groove to adjust the orientation of the ball and the adjusting shaft with respect to the laser base.

Abstract: A light adjustment device for a laser oscillating cavity has a laser base having a housing that defines a laser chamber that retains a laser diode therein, and a fixing seat disposed at one end of the housing. The light adjustment device also includes an upper cover that is removably coupled with the fixing seat to define a spherical groove, an adjuster body having a ball and an adjusting shaft, and an oscillating cavity holder adjustably retained inside a bore that extends through the ball.

Abstract: A light adjustment device for a laser resonant socket having a laser base having a housing that defines a laser chamber that retains a laser diode therein, and a fixing seat disposed at one end of the housing. The light adjustment device further includes an upper cover that is removably coupled with the fixing seat to define a spherical groove, and an adjuster body having a ball and an adjusting shaft, with a resonant socket room defined in the ball, and with a laser resonant socket retained inside the socket room. The ball is seated inside the spherical groove in a manner such that the ball can be pivoted inside the spherical groove to adjust the orientation of the ball and the adjusting shaft with respect to the laser base.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a laser module is provided, which includes the steps of providing a one-piece cylindrical housing having a bore, a front window and a rear opening, securing a lens piece in the bore adjacent the front window, introducing a laser diode into the bore through the rear opening, applying a force to the laser diode to insert the laser diode into the bore while simultaneously focusing the lens, and ceasing the application of force when the lens has been accurately focused.