Abstract: Signal processing apparatus includes: an input interface configured to receive an output signal Va(T) from a sensor; a prediction circuit configured to generate, on the basis of a relationship different depending on each of a plurality of converged values Vc, a plurality of predicted values Vb_T2 corresponding to a value of the output signal that would be obtained at a time T2 after a time T1, in a transition response period before a response time period Tr elapses where Tr denotes a response time period required for a value of the output signal Va(T) to become a converged value Vc corresponding to a value P of a parameter representing a certain property of an object to be measured, in accordance with a value Va_T1 of the output signal obtained at the time T1; and an estimation circuit configured to generate, on the basis of the value Va_T2 of the output signal obtained at the time T2 and the plurality of predicted values Vb_T2, an estimated value Pe of a parameter representing the certain property of the obj

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a CMCF including a structure to achieve more efficient reduction in transmission loss by suppressing decrease in concentration of alkali metal due to diffusion of alkali metal. In the CMCF including a plurality of cores, a power coupling coefficient h between adjacent cores is set to 1×10?3/m or more, to maintain an optical coupling state between the adjacent cores. In addition, alkali metal contributing to reduction in transmission loss is added to each of the cores such that a stress maximum value ?_max between adjacent cores has a negative value.

Abstract: A causal analysis device according to an embodiment includes an extractor, a counter, a calculator, and a generator. The extractor performs extraction from combination data in which an incident and one or a plurality of factors causing the incident are associated with each other in accordance with occurrence of combination data. The counter counts the number of occurrences of the incident or the number of occurrences of a combination of the plurality of factors on the basis of a combination of the incident and the factors included in the extracted combination data. The calculator calculates an index value that corresponds to the combination of the incident and the factors and changes in accordance with the number of occurrences of the combination of the incident and the factors on the basis of a result of the counting of the counter.

Abstract: A sintered body manufacturing method includes: a preparation step of preparing a raw material powder containing an iron-based metal powder; a molding step of subjecting the raw material powder to uniaxial pressing using a die to produce a green compact having an overall average relative density of 93% or more; a machining step of machining the green compact to produce a machined compact; and a sintering step of sintering the machined compact to obtain a sintered body.

Abstract: A wearable instrument is provided that measures biological information over an extended period of time by enabling an electrode to be readily pressed to an axilla of an animal. The wearable instrument includes: electrodes to be placed under the left and right axillae of a dog to produce an electrocardiogram; pull-up straps to be placed in direct contact with the axilla to press the electrodes onto the axilla; and a cinch strap placed across the anterior chest of the dog to draw the left and right sections of the pull-up strap together.

Abstract: An optical-fiber-characteristic-evaluating apparatus includes a measuring unit and an analyzing unit. The measuring unit measures, in one arbitrary direction, dependence F?(?) of an electric field F of a measurement-object mode, which is one of high-order spatial modes of a multimode optical fiber that is to be evaluated, upon an angle of divergence ? in a far field by performing FFS. The analyzing unit obtains dependence fr(r) of the electric field F of the measurement-object mode upon a fiber-radial-direction position r at the exit end of the multimode optical fiber by performing a calculation in accordance with a predetermined expression containing F?(?).

Abstract: An MCF of the present embodiment has eight or more cores. A diameter of a common cladding is not more than 126 ?m. Optical characteristics of each core are as follows: a TL at a predetermined wavelength of 1310 nm is not more than 0.4 dB/km; an MFD at the predetermined wavelength is from 8.0 ?m to 10.1 ?m; a BL in a BR of not less than 5 mm or in the BR of not less than 3 mm and, less than 5 mm is not more than 0.25 dB/turn at the predetermined wavelength; ?0 is from 1300 nm to 1324 nm; ?cc is not more than 1260 nm; an XT or XTs at the predetermined wavelength is not more than 0.001/km.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a CMCF including a structure to achieve more efficient reduction in transmission loss by suppressing decrease in concentration of alkali metal due to diffusion of alkali metal. In the CMCF including a plurality of cores, a power coupling coefficient h between adjacent cores is set to 1×10?3/m or more, to maintain an optical coupling state between the adjacent cores. In addition, alkali metal contributing to reduction in transmission loss is added to each of the cores such that a stress maximum value ?_max between adjacent cores has a negative value.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to an MCF having a low transmission loss and having a structure for reducing a transmission loss and effectively suppressing an inter-core XT. The uncoupled MCF includes alkali metal having a predetermined concentration in which each of a plurality of cores contributes to reduction in the transmission loss, and a core pitch is set so that a sum h_total of power coupling coefficients of a specific core and the remaining all cores of the plurality of cores is 2.3×10?4/km or less.

Abstract: A present embodiment relates to a MDL measurement method and the like including a structure for enabling MDL measurement without increasing a processing load. The present embodiment sequentially executes, for N (?2) spatial modes, light-input operation of inputting light of a predetermined intensity to an arbitrary spatial mode, and intensity measurement operation of measuring an output light intensity of each of the N spatial modes including the arbitrary spatial mode, to generate a transfer matrix relating to transmission loss in an optical fiber as a measurement target, and determine at least a linear value of MDL per unit fiber length by using each component value of the generated transfer matrix.

Abstract: An iron-based powder for powder metallurgy includes an iron-based powder and a composite oxide powder, and the composite oxide contains, by mass, from 15% to 30% Si, from 9% to 18% Al, from 3% to 6% B, from 0.5% to 3% Mg, from 2% to 6% Ca, from 0.01% to 1% Sr, and from 45% to 55% O.

Abstract: A power conversion device includes a gate voltage adjustment unit (a detection circuit 12) which acts on a drive signal from a gate drive circuit 11 that sends a drive signal to the respective gates of a plurality of semiconductor elements Q1 to Q2 provided in parallel, and which adjusts the gate voltages of the semiconductor elements. The gate voltage adjustment unit superimposes an induction voltage generated on the basis of a difference between a magnetic flux due to a current flowing through one of the plurality of semiconductor elements and a magnetic flux due to a current flowing through each of the other semiconductor elements, onto a gate voltage sent to at least one gate of the plurality of semiconductor elements.

Abstract: A power supply control apparatus includes a DC power supply including a positive electrode and a negative electrode, a load electrically connected to the DC power supply, a relay connected to a current path from the positive electrode to the negative electrode through the load in series, a switching device connected to the current path in series, and a controller controlling the relay and the switching device. The controller, in a case in which the current path is to be electrically cut off, switches the switching device to an Off state and then switches the relay to the Off state.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to an MCF in which the strength of mode coupling or power coupling between adjacent cores included in one coupled-core group is set to an appropriate level to reduce a DGD. The MCF includes at least one coupled-core group. A core interval ? between adjacent cores included in the coupled-core group is set such that a mode coupling coefficient between the adjacent cores at a wavelength of 1550 nm satisfies 2.6×100 [m?1] to 1.6×102 [m?1] or a power coupling coefficient between the adjacent cores at the wavelength of 1550 nm satisfies 1.3×10?3 [m?1] to 8.1×100 [m?1].

Abstract: An optical-fiber-characteristic-evaluating apparatus includes a measuring unit and an analyzing unit. The measuring unit measures, in one arbitrary direction, dependence F?(?) of an electric field F of a measurement-object mode, which is one of high-order spatial modes of a multimode optical fiber that is to be evaluated, upon an angle of divergence ? in a far field by performing FFS. The analyzing unit obtains dependence fr(r) of the electric field F of the measurement-object mode upon a fiber-radial-direction position r at the exit end of the multimode optical fiber by performing a calculation in accordance with a predetermined expression containing F?(?).

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a method of directly measuring a leakage loss from a peripheral core in a MCF with a coating to the coating. In the measurement method, in a high refractive-index state in which the coating is present on an outer periphery of a common cladding, first transmission power of measurement light, which propagates through the peripheral core of the MCF, is measured. On the other hand, in a low refractive-index state in which a low-refractive-index layer with a lower refractive index than the common cladding is provided on the outer periphery of the common cladding, second transmission power of the measurement light, which propagates through the peripheral core of the MCF, is measured. The leakage loss LL from the peripheral core to the coating is calculated as a difference between the first transmission power and the second transmission power.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention enables each core in an end face to be readily identified by observation of either one end face, regardless of the presence or absence of a twist of a pertinent MCF and difference of ends. In a cross section of the MCF, a core group constellation has symmetry but each core in a core group is identifiable by breaking of all types of symmetry in a common cladding, defined by a combination of the core group constellation with the common cladding, or, by making the fiber ends distinguishable.

Abstract: An optical characteristic of a coupled multi-core optical fiber is evaluated without core alignment, one of plural cores thereof being arranged as a center core at the center of a cladding thereof, a total number of spatial modes being a number of the cores or greater, (a fiber length)×(a power coupling coefficient between the cores) being 10 or greater. The coupled multi-core optical fiber is joined to a dummy fiber, having a core at the center of a cladding having the same shape and dimension as those of the coupled multi-core optical fiber, by causing one ends of the fibers to face each other and aligning the fibers with reference to the circumferences of the fibers. Light is launched to the coupled multi-core optical fiber joined to the dummy fiber, and a light measurement unit measures the light passing through the fibers.

Abstract: A semiconductor device (100) comprises: a semiconductor substrate (1); a drift region (2) of a first conductivity type having a trench in part of an upper portion thereof and arranged on a first main surface of the semiconductor substrate (100); an electric field reducing region (4) of a second conductivity type arranged, in a bottom portion of the trench, only around a corner portion and not in a center portion; an anode electrode (9) embedded in the trench; and a cathode electrode (10) arranged on a second main surface of the semiconductor substrate (100) which is opposite to the first main surface.

Abstract: A power converter including an inverter for converting electric power output from a power supply, a first power feeding bus connected to the inverter and to the positive side of the power supply, a second power feeding bus connected to the inverter and the negative side of the power supply, and a plurality of connection circuits including a resistant member and a capacitive member which are connected in series, connected between the first power feeding bus and the second power feeding bus, and having at least two or more different impedances.