Abstract: A photodetection element includes: a first ferromagnetic layer configured to be irradiated with light; a second ferromagnetic layer; and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, wherein the first ferromagnetic layer includes a first region in contact with the spacer layer and a second region disposed in a position farther from the space layer than the first region, the first region is made of CoFeB alloy, and the second region is a magnetic material containing Fe and Gd as major constituent elements.

Abstract: A metasurface reflector includes: a first metal layer and a second metal layer stacked in a first direction; a dielectric layer provided between the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the first direction; and a protective layer covering a surface of the second metal layer opposite to the dielectric layer. The dielectric layer includes a main surface on which the second metal layer is provided. The metasurface reflector is divided into a plurality of unit regions arranged in a second direction along the main surface and in a third direction along the main surface and intersecting the second direction. The second metal layer includes metal units respectively provided in all or some of the plurality of unit regions. The protective layer is made of a metal having a standard electrode potential higher than that of a metal constituting the second metal layer.

Abstract: A metasurface reflector includes: a first metal layer and a second metal layer stacked in a first direction; and a dielectric layer provided between the first metal layer and the second metal layer in the first direction. The dielectric layer includes a main surface on which the second metal layer is provided. The metasurface reflector is divided into a plurality of unit regions arranged in a second direction along the main surface and in a third direction along the main surface and intersecting the second direction. The second metal layer includes metal units respectively provided in all or some of the plurality of unit regions. Lengths of metal units, which are arranged in the second direction and set for a same wavelength among the metal units, in the second direction are different from each other.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for programming power management circuits in a system are described. An apparatus may include a set of one or more power management circuits configured to provide one or more operating voltages for the apparatus. The apparatus may also include an interface coupled with a controller via a bus. The apparatus may include a first switching circuit configured to isolate the bus from the controller and to couple the bus with a second switching circuit. The second switching circuit may be configured to isolate the set of one or more power management circuits from the controller and to couple the set of one or more power management circuits with the first switching circuit.

Abstract: An interconnect structure includes: an interconnect layer containing a metal element as a main component and extending in a direction; a metal layer opposite to the interconnect layer, and a solid electrolyte layer between the interconnect layer and the metal layer. The solid electrolyte layer encloses the interconnect layer at least in a cross-sectional view taken along a plane orthogonal to the direction. The interconnect layer and the metal layer are electrically insulated from each other by the solid electrolyte layer.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes a wavelength filter configured to transmit light in a specific wavelength range and a magnetic element including a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer. The light passing through the wavelength filter is applied to the magnetic element and the light applied to the magnetic element is detected.

Abstract: An interconnect structure includes: an interconnect layer containing a metal element as a main component and extending in a direction; a metal layer opposite to the interconnect layer, and a solid electrolyte layer between the interconnect layer and the metal layer. The solid electrolyte layer encloses the interconnect layer at least in a cross-sectional view taken along a plane orthogonal to the direction. The interconnect layer and the metal layer are electrically insulated from each other by the solid electrolyte layer.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and devices for programming power management circuits in a system are described. An apparatus may include a set of one or more power management circuits configured to provide one or more operating voltages for the apparatus. The apparatus may also include an interface coupled with a controller via a bus. The apparatus may include a first switching circuit configured to isolate the bus from the controller and to couple the bus with a second switching circuit. The second switching circuit may be configured to isolate the set of one or more power management circuits from the controller and to couple the set of one or more power management circuits with the first switching circuit.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a video laser module including: a substrate provided with an optical waveguide; and a subcarrier with a laser light source mounted thereon, the method including: while supplying an electric current to the laser light source via an electrode provided in the subcarrier and oscillating a laser from the laser light source, approaching the subcarrier to an input port of the optical waveguide provided in the substrate; detecting a light intensity at an output port of the optical waveguide; adjusting a position of the subcarrier so that the light intensity is maximized; and metal-bonding the subcarrier and the substrate at a position of the subcarrier where the light intensity is maximized.

Abstract: An optical device includes a magnetic element and a light application part, wherein the light application part configured to apply light to the magnetic element, the magnetic element includes a first ferromagnetic layer to which the light is applied, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, and magnetization of the first ferromagnetic layer is inclined with respect to both an in-plane direction in which the first ferromagnetic layer extends and a surface-perpendicular direction perpendicular to a surface on which the first ferromagnetic layer extends in a state in which the light is not applied from the light application part to the magnetic element.

Abstract: This optical device includes at least one magnetic element including a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, a laser diode, and a waveguide, in which the waveguide includes at least one input waveguide optically connected to the laser diode and an output waveguide connected to the input waveguide, and at least some of light propagating in at least one of the input waveguide and the output waveguide is applied to the magnetic element.

Abstract: An optical detection device includes first photoelectric conversion element that outputs first output when first photoelectric conversion element is irradiated with light pulse, and second photoelectric conversion element that outputs second output when second photoelectric conversion element is irradiated with light pulse. The optical detection device is configured to combine first signal caused by first output and second signal caused by second output when first photoelectric conversion element and second photoelectric conversion element are irradiated with same light pulse each other, in a state where first condition and second condition are satisfied. The first condition is condition that time position of peak of first signal is different from time position of peak of second signal. The second condition is condition that sign of amount of change until the first signal reaches the peak is different from a sign of the amount of change until the second signal reaches the peak.

Abstract: A laser module includes: a light source that emits laser light; a housing that accommodates the light source and is provided with an emission port through which the laser light is emitted; a sealing member having optical transparency that seals the emission port and has a first surface and a second surface intersecting an emission direction of the laser light; and a first metasurface lens provided on the first surface.

Abstract: This optical detection device includes a first photoelectric conversion element that outputs a first output, and a second photoelectric conversion element that outputs a second output, and is configured to combine a first signal caused by the first output with a second signal caused by the second output, in a state where a first condition and a second condition are satisfied. The first condition is a condition that an absolute value of an amount of change until the first signal reaches a peak is different from an absolute value of an amount of change until the second signal reaches a peak, and the second condition is a condition that a sign of the amount of change until the first signal reaches the peak is different from a sign of the amount of change until the second signal reaches the peak.

Abstract: A transceiver device includes: a receiving device including a magnetic element having a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, wherein the receiving device is configured to receive an optical signal; a transmission device including a modulated light output element, wherein the transmission device is configured to transmit an optical signal; and a circuit chip including an integrated circuit electrically connected to the magnetic element and the modulated light output element.

Abstract: This optical waveguide detection element includes a substrate, an optical waveguide layer formed on the substrate, and a photodetector. The optical waveguide layer includes a first optical waveguide in which visible light having a wavelength of 380 nm to 800 nm propagates, a second optical waveguide in which near-infrared light having a wavelength of 801 nm to 2000 nm propagates, and a third optical waveguide in which light propagates to a light receiving surface of the photodetector. A visible light output port of the first optical waveguide from which the visible light is output, a near-infrared light output port of the second optical waveguide from which the near-infrared light is output, and a reflected light input port of the third optical waveguide to which the near-infrared light is reflected and returned are arranged on one end surface of the optical waveguide layer.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a dual band patch antenna that includes a first feeding part, first and second radiation conductors, a first feeding conductor having one end connected to the first feeding part and other end connected to the first radiation conductor, a second feeding conductor having one end connected to the first feeding part and other end connected to the second radiation conductor, a first open stub having one end connected to the first feeding conductor and other end opened, and a second open stub having one end connected to the second feeding conductor and other end opened.

Abstract: A transceiver device includes: a receiving device including a magnetic element having a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, wherein the receiving device is configured to receive an optical signal; a transmission device including a modulated light output element, wherein the transmission device is configured to transmit an optical signal; and a circuit chip including an integrated circuit electrically connected to the magnetic element and the modulated light output element.

Abstract: This optical device includes at least one magnetic element including a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, a laser diode, and a waveguide, in which the waveguide includes at least one input waveguide optically connected to the laser diode and an output waveguide connected to the input waveguide, and at least some of light propagating in at least one of the input waveguide and the output waveguide is applied to the magnetic element.

Abstract: This optical device includes at least one magnetic element including a first ferromagnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and a spacer layer sandwiched between the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, a laser diode, and a waveguide, in which the waveguide includes at least one input waveguide optically connected to the laser diode and an output waveguide connected to the input waveguide, and at least some of light propagating in at least one of the input waveguide and the output waveguide is applied to the magnetic element.