Abstract: A high-strength, high corrosion-resistant and non-magnetic stainless steel which is further excellent in strength and corrosion resistance and safe in the living body and also can stand against various corrosive environments. The stainless steel comprises 0.15% by weight or less of C, 1.0% or less of Si, 3.0 to 12.0% of Mn, 0.030% or less of P, 0.50% or less of Ni, 15.0 to 21.0% of Cr, 0.70 to 1.50% of N, 0.020% or less of Al and 0.020% or less of O, and a remainder of Fe and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: An encoding apparatus including a block forming unit for dividing an input signal into blocks each consisting of a plurality of sample values, an orthogonal conversion unit for orthogonally converting the input signal blocks, a detection unit for detecting the characteristic of each block in accordance with orthogonal conversion coefficients obtained by the orthogonal conversion unit, a selection unit for selecting optimal quantization parameters which can realize a constant code amount obtained when the input signal blocks are encoded in a unit consisting of a plurality of input signal blocks, a changing unit for changing the quantization parameters selected by the selection unit in accordance with an output from the detection unit, and an encoding unit for encoding the orthogonal conversion coefficients from the orthogonal conversion unit using the quantization parameters changed by the changing unit.

Abstract: An automatic transmission arrangement includes TMCU (9) for automatically shifting a transmission (3) according to a gear position change signal issued from a manual shift switch (29a). TMCU (9) also automatically disengages a clutch (2) when automatic shifting takes place, and automatically engages the clutch (2) when accelerator pedal depression (8) exceeds a predetermined value in a clutch disengaged condition. TMCU (9) further decides a most appropriate gear in accordance with a current vehicle running condition, selects a higher one of the most appropriate gear and a predetermined start gear as a target gear, and shifts the transmission (3) to the target gear regardless of the gear position change signal from the manual shift switch (29a) when the accelerator pedal depression (8) exceeds a prescribed amount in the clutch disengaged condition, and then engages the clutch (2).

Abstract: An image pickup apparatus comprising: an image pickup unit for outputting an image signal having a first number of pixels which is greater than a predetermined number of pixels; a converting unit for converting the image signal having the first number of pixels, outputted from the image pickup unit into an image signal having the predetermined number of pixels; a first memory having storage capacity corresponding to the predetermined number of pixels, for storing the image signal having the predetermined number of pixels, outputted from the converting unit; a second memory having a storage capacity corresponding to the first number of pixels, for storing the image signal having the first number of pixels, outputted from the image pickup unit; and a still image processing unit for outputting as still image data the image signal having the first number of pixels, read out from the second memory.

Abstract: A recording apparatus is constructed so that image data of a plurality of frames extracted at predetermined timings from moving image data supplied from an image pickup unit is reduced in size to generate a multi-picture from size-reduced images. The apparatus is provided with a moving image recording mode and a still image recording mode. In the moving image recording mode, moving image data is recorded on a recording medium. In the still image recording mode, image data of still images selected from a plurality of still images constituting a multi-picture is recorded on the recording medium.

Abstract: An image reproducing apparatus reproduces an encoded image signal, detects a motion vector of a block including undecodable image signal by using the reproduced image signal, and structuring an image signal for the block including the undecodable signal by using the motion vector to reproduce a visually high quality image even when the block including the undecodable image signal moves.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus and plural image devices are connected through a serial bus based on the IEEE1394-1995 standard. Each image device transmits digital image data, encoded according to the SD format of the DV standard, to the image recording apparatus in the encoded state. The image recording apparatus decodes the digital image data transmitted from one of the plural image devices, thereby generating a main frame. Also it extracts a DC component from the digital image data transmitted from the image devices, thereby generating sub frames. The image recording apparatus thus generates and outputs an image signal including the main frame and the plural sub frames.

Abstract: An encoding apparatus comprises an input unit for supplying sampled information data, a block forming unit for forming blocks of the information data supplied by said input means, an encoding unit for encoding information data outputted from said block forming unit, a detection unit for detecting code quantity of encoded data derived by consolidating and encoding said blocks, a one-dimension processing circuit for a applying one-dimension processing to the encoded data of said blocks, and a deletion unit for deleting the encoded data in accordance with the enocded data processed by said one-dimension processing circuit in accordance with the output of said detection unit.

Abstract: A vehicle clutch control system that can eliminate discomfort due to a sudden start of a vehicle. The vehicle clutch control system includes an engine speed detector (203) for detecting an engine revolution speed, and an engine controller (211) for controlling an accelerator opening of an engine (222). A vehicle speed detector (204) is also provided for detecting vehicle speed. A clutch actuator (212) engages and disengages a friction clutch (304), and a clutch controller (205) controls engagement and disengagement of the clutch by giving commands to the clutch actuator. In a vehicle start stand-by state in which the vehicle speed is zero and a certain start gear has been selected, if the engine speed detected by the engine speed detector (203) is higher than a predetermined speed, then a clutch engaging control is not performed because otherwise the vehicle would start suddenly upon clutch engagement.

Abstract: An automatic transmission arrangement includes TMCU (9) for automatically shifting a transmission (3) according to a gear position change signal issued from a manual shift switch (29a). TMCU (9) also automatically disengages a clutch (2) when automatic shifting takes place, and automatically engages the clutch (2) when accelerator pedal depression (8) exceeds a predetermined value in a clutch disengaged condition. TMCU (9) further decides a most appropriate gear in accordance with a current vehicle running condition, selects a higher one of the most appropriate gear and a predetermined start gear as a target gear, and shifts the transmission (3) to the target gear regardless of the gear position change signal from the manual shift switch (29a) when the accelerator pedal depression (8) exceeds a prescribed amount in the clutch disengaged condition, and then engages the clutch (2).

Abstract: There is provided an image reproducing apparatus comprising a reproducing circuit for reproducing an image signal which was divided into blocks and encoded from a recording medium, a decoding circuit for decoding the image signal reproduced by the reproducing circuit, a movement detection circuit for respectively detecting and outputting movements of a plurality of blocks around a block including the image signal which cannot be decoded by the decoding circuit, and a constructing means for constructing an image signal for a block including the undecodable image signal, wherein a precision of a movement estimation of the undecodable image signal can be raised and an image which is hardly visually deteriorated can be obtained.

Abstract: In an indirectly heated cathode comprising a heater having an alumina electrical insulating layer formed by layering and sintering alumina particles on a surface of a metal wire and an electron-emitting part that receives heat from the heater and emits thermoelectrons, and a cathode-ray tube comprising the indirectly heated cathode, the alumina particles contained in the alumina electrical insulating layer have a purity of at least 99.7 wt % and the alumina particles used for forming the alumina electrical insulating layer have a Na content of 20 ppm or less or a Si content of 100 ppm or less, thus enabling stable production, avoiding the occurrence of cracks in the alumina electrical insulating layer and heater deformation even in the practical operation of the cathode-ray tube, and lengthening the life of the heater.

Abstract: This invention provides a recording and/or reproducing apparatus having a reproducing circuit for reproducing coded main information, and historical information, with respect to signal processing which was performed on the main information. An error correcting circuit corrects a code error in the main information. The reproducing circuit provides error correcting information with respect to the error correcting processing. A first constructing circuit constructs coded data based on the correcting information by concealing an error which cannot be corrected by said error correcting circuit. A decoding circuit decodes the main information provided by the first constructing circuit, and a second constructing circuit constructs decoded data by concealing the error, which cannot be corrected by the error correcting circuit, in the main data which has been decoded by the decoding circuit.

Abstract: A non-magnetic stainless steel, which contains stably a large amount of N, is excellent in the corrosion resistance and the strength and possible to obtain sound ingots and products, consists by weight percentage of C.ltoreq.0.08%, Si.ltoreq.0.50%, 13%.ltoreq.Mn.ltoreq.16%, P.ltoreq.0.040%, S.ltoreq.0.030%, 0.35%.ltoreq.Cu.ltoreq.1.00%, 2.50%.ltoreq.Ni.ltoreq.5.50%, 17.0%.ltoreq.Cr.ltoreq.19.0%, 0.5%.ltoreq.Mo+W.ltoreq.1.0%, 0.38%.ltoreq.N.ltoreq.0.60%, 0.ltoreq.0.0100%, sol-Al.ltoreq.0.05% and the balance Fe on condition that86(Ni+Cu).gtoreq.13Cr+19Mo+9W+2Mn.

Abstract: Error correction code (ECC) encoding is performed by using a first ECC encoding means to add a first check code to each of a number of first code groups included in a code sequence. Additionally, a second ECC encoding means is employed to add a second check code to each of a number of second code groups. The second check code is extracted from a predetermined number of successive first code groups in the code sequence.

Abstract: Where a recording medium recorded on a slave side apparatus is reproduced, it has been made possible to perform on site modification processing identical to that conducted at a master side apparatus, by reproducing, the primary information added with parity symbol for error correction from the recording medium on which the primary information is recorded, correcting the symbol error of primary information reproduced at the reproducing unit using the reproduced parity symbol, producing the flag which indicates the production of an uncorrectable symbol error in one unit of a block of a specified amount of information and thus outputting the modification information corresponding to the primary information and the flag and forming, at the slave side, the parity symbol for correction of error of primary information output at the master side apparatus and recording the primary information with the parity symbol and modification information, on the same recording medium.

Abstract: A construction circuit which constructs data of nondecodable blocks by using interpolation data generated by a predetermined method, a movement estimation circuit which estimates the movement of the nondecodable blocks on the basis of the movement of the blocks surrounding the nondecodable block, and an error pattern detecting circuit which detects an error state of the surrounding blocks and controls the movement estimation circuit on the basis of the error state, are provided. The construction circuit constructs nondecodable data on the basis of the result of the estimation by the movement estimation circuit. An image reproducing apparatus is provided which is capable of obtaining a reproduced image having reduced visual deterioration by estimating movement on the basis of the blocks surrounding the nondecodable block when the data of the nondecodable block is reproduced and detecting the error state of the adjacent blocks.

Abstract: In transferring image data between a first memory for storing image data in a first sequence and inputting and outputting the image data from and to a first data bus and a second memory for storing image data in a second sequence different from the first sequence and inputting and outputting the image data from and to a second data bus, the permission and the inhibition of the writing of the transferred image data to a transfer destination are controlled and the error detection/correction encoding/decoding is effected during the transfer to facilitate the address management and permit high speed processing of the image data.

Abstract: There is provided code amount control in which information data are input in predetermined units and a code amount is estimated in each of a plurality of stages, including a final stage. A calculation result is obtained based on a target code amount and the estimated code amount, for each stage. A short code amount and an excess code amount are updated based on the calculation result, and quantization parameters used upon encoding are controlled in accordance with the short code amount and the excess code amount obtained at the final estimation stage. Also provided is code amount control for controlling a code amount in units of second blocks, each consisting of a plurality of first blocks, each consisting of a plurality of sample value data, which discriminates quantization parameters which result in a code amount less than a predetermined amount when a second block of data is encoded using the quantization parameters. The discriminated quantization parameters are adjusted on a unit basis of the first block.

Abstract: A reproducing apparatus for reproducing video information recorded together with an error correction code on a recording medium. The apparatus has an error correction circuit to correct errors of the reproduced video information by the error correction code. The correcting algorithm of the error correction circuit in the slow reproducing mode is switched to an algorithm of a correcting ability higher than that of a correcting algorithm in the normal reproducing mode.