Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for a combined battery/capacitor energy storage device. In one aspect, the device includes a housing with an integrated battery housing portion, a capacitor housing portion, and a housing lid. A plurality of battery electrodes and electrolyte are contained directly within the integrated battery housing portion and are configured to form an integrated battery within the integrated battery housing portion. The capacitor is connected in parallel with the battery and contained within the capacitor housing portion. A first device terminal and a second device terminal extending through the housing.

Abstract: This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatus for a battery system. The battery system includes an enclosure, a battery disposed within the enclosure; and at least one ultracapacitor. The ultracapacitor is disposed within the enclosure and coupled to the battery to provide electrical energy via battery terminals. The enclosure conforms to a standard form factor for a battery that comprises one or more conventional storage cells without an ultracapacitor.

Abstract: A battery module includes a plurality of battery cells and a system configured for passing a fluid past at least a portion of the plurality of battery cells in a parallel manner.

Abstract: A battery system includes a plurality of electrochemical cells provided within a housing. The battery system also includes a thermal management system configured to provide at least one of heating or cooling to the electrochemical cells. The thermal management system includes a solid state coating having a first metal and a second metal different from the first metal. The solid state coating is configured to pass a current therethrough to create a temperature differential across a first surface of the solid state coating and a second surface of the solid state coating to provide the at least one of heating or cooling to the cells.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell including a housing configured to receive a cell element. The housing has an electrically-insulating material including metal oxide particles provided on at least a portion of an inner surface thereof to prevent electrical contact between the housing and the cell element. A method of manufacturing an electrochemical cell including applying an electrically-insulating material including metal oxide particles to an inner surface of a housing for an electrochemical cell and inserting a cell element into the housing.

Abstract: A battery system includes a plurality of battery modules electrically coupled together in series. The battery system also includes a first electronic control unit (ECU) configured to act as a master ECU. The master ECU is electronically coupled to a first one of the plurality of battery modules. The battery system further includes a plurality of slave ECUs, wherein each slave ECU is electronically coupled to one of the other of the plurality of battery modules. The master ECU is configured to control whether electrical power is provided to each of the plurality of slave ECUs.

Abstract: A current collector for an electrochemical cell includes a member having an outer member and an inner member coupled to the outer member by a plurality of flexible arms configured to allow the inner member to move relative to the outer member.

Abstract: Provided battery systems include a plurality of battery electronic control units, each associated with a battery pack of a plurality of battery packs. Each battery electronic control unit is adapted to acquire analog current measurements of the associated battery pack and to convert the acquired analog current measurements to a digital value such that the plurality of battery electronic control units produce a plurality of digital values. The system may sum the digital values, or may process pulse-width modulated signals, analog signals and so forth. A battery system electronic control unit is adapted to receive and monitor the plurality of digital values and to determine a total battery system current value based on the received plurality of digital values.

Abstract: A current collector for an electrochemical cell includes a member having an outer member and an inner member coupled to the outer member by a plurality of flexible arms configured to allow the inner member to move relative to the outer member.

Abstract: A battery system for use in a vehicle is configured to provide at least a portion of the propulsion power for the vehicle and includes a plurality of battery modules. Each battery module includes a plurality of electrochemical cells configured to store an electrical charge. The battery system also includes a plurality of fan assemblies each having a motor and at least one fan blade. Each fan assembly is associated with one of the plurality of battery modules to regulate the temperature thereof. A first fan assembly of the plurality of fan assemblies has a different configuration than at least one of the other of the plurality of fan assemblies or is configured to provide an output that is different from an output provided by at least one of the other of the plurality of fan assemblies.

Abstract: Provided is a system for managing a lithium battery system having a plurality of cells. The battery system comprises a variable-resistance element electrically connected to a cell and located proximate a portion of the cell; and a device for determining, utilizing the variable-resistance element, whether the temperature of the cell has exceeded a predetermined threshold. A method of managing the temperature of a lithium battery system is also included.

Abstract: A compound comprising a chemical combination of a photodynamic tetra-pyrrolic compound with a plurality of radionuclide element atoms such that the compound may be used to enhance MR imaging and also be used as a photodynamic compound for use in photodynamic therapy to treat hyperproliferative tissue. The preferred compounds have the structural formula: where R1, R2, R2a R3, R3a R4, R5, R5a R6, R7, R7a, and R8 cumulatively contain at least two functional groups that will complex or combine with an MR imaging enhancing element or ion. The compound is intended to include such complexes and combinations and includes the use of such compounds for MR imaging and photodynamic therapy treatment of tumors and other hyperproliferative tissue.

Abstract: A current collector for an electrochemical cell includes a member having an outer member and an inner member coupled to the outer member by a plurality of flexible arms configured to allow the inner member to move relative to the outer member.

Abstract: An electrode for an electrochemical cell including a polymer substrate, a conductive material in contact with the polymer substrate, a conductive ink in contact with the conductive material, and an active electrode material in contact with the conductive ink. The conductive ink is configured to enhance the adhesion between the conductive material and the active electrode material.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell including a housing configured to receive a cell element. The housing has an electrically-insulating material including metal oxide particles provided on at least a portion of an inner surface thereof to prevent electrical contact between the housing and the cell element. A method of manufacturing an electrochemical cell including applying an electrically-insulating material including metal oxide particles to an inner surface of a housing for an electrochemical cell and inserting a cell element into the housing.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell includes a cell element comprising at least one electrode. A portion of the at least one electrode extends outward from an end of the cell element. The portion of the at least one electrode is folded onto itself to provide a coupling surface for conductive connection to a terminal of the electrochemical cell.

Abstract: An engine having axial inline pistons connected to side power output shafts is disclosed. The engine includes a cylinder defining an interior space of the cylinder; a first piston that reciprocates in the interior space of the cylinder wherein the first piston has a first end forming a first piston head; a first piston rod attached to the first piston at a second end of the first piston opposite the first end of the first piston; a second piston that reciprocates in the interior space of the cylinder, wherein the second piston has a first end forming a second piston head; a second piston rod attached to the second piston at a second end of the second piston opposite the first end of the second piston; a first connecting rod connected to the first piston rod and coupled to a first power output shaft; and a second connecting rod connected to the second piston rod and coupled to the first power output shaft.

Abstract: The present invention includes a conductive plastic that is used as an electrode substrate in bipolar batteries. This conductive plastic has shown resistances as low as 1 ohm cm2. Using a dry process for active material electrode construction, the conductive plastic allows for lamination of the dry oxide and carbons for cathodes and anodes necessary in the initial assembly of the cell. The bipolar electrodes are then able to be sealed. With this process, the product can then be assembled into a multi cell battery. The cell uses an organosilane or organosiloxane solvent electrolyte to prevent leakage.

Abstract: A computerized interactor system uses physical, three-dimensional objects as metaphors for input of user intent to a computer system. When one or more interactors are engaged with a detection field, the detection field reads an identifier associated with the object and communicates the identifier to a computer system. The computer system determines the meaning of the interactor based upon its identifier and upon a semantic context in which the computer system is operating.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds for detection, diagnosis and treatment of target tissues or target compositions, including hyperproliferative tissues such as tumors, using photodynamic methods. In particular, photosensitizer compounds that collect in hyperproliferative tissue are provided. In another embodiment, compounds that absorb light at a wavelength of from about 700 to about 850 nm are provided. In a further embodiment, compounds that are detectable by magnetic resonance imaging are provided.